317 bitcoin

How many cryptocurrencies are there in the world

at present, there are more than 1350 encrypted virtual currencies in circulation in the world. So far, according to the total valuation given by the market price, there are 23 virtual currencies with a valuation of more than US $1 billion, 97 with a value of more than US $100 million, and 573 with a market value of more than US $1 million. All in all, the total market value of virtual currency has exceeded US $5 trillion, of which bitcoin, the earliest invention, accounts for more than half. Players generally admit that bitcoin is not the most effective cryptocurrency, nor is it the most covert and anonymous. However, bitcoin is the first one to appear, so it is the most well-known and popular one

so the question is, does the world need more than 1350 cryptocurrencies

even the players of virtual currency will doubt this. No matter how strange the world is, there cannot be so many virtual currencies. In fact, there are so many new ICO virtual currencies emerging in recent years, which complement the "Crazy" performance of bitcoin in this year. Most of these 1300 kinds of virtual currencies can't be recognized by everyone. From the beginning of ICO, there will be many loopholes that no one will fill. When there is a major adjustment in the virtual currency market, many of them will disappear automatically, which means that no one will go to mine any more

this also leads to a problem. When some of the cryptocurrencies have problems, the entire instry chain and market of virtual currency may be involved like dominoes. Even the strongest bitcoin now will also be involved, because the cryptocurrency, in the final analysis, is supported by the "belief" of players

why is bitcoin worth more than other cryptocurrencies

at the time of writing this article, the total value of bitcoin is about US $270 billion, the total value of cash of bitcoin is about US $31.7 billion, and the market value of bitcoin gold is US $5.17 billion. Since bitcoin cash and bitcoin gold are separated from bitcoin, in a broad sense, they should be counted as a part of the total value of bitcoin (of course, you can't refute me technically, just for a rough explanation). Once we add up all the branches of bitcoin, we can calculate the market value of more than $310 billion. As a result, bitcoin accounts for about 60% of all cryptocurrencies in the market

as I have repeatedly said in recent days, bitcoin is not the most effective cryptocurrency, the most advanced, the most anonymous, or even the most stable cryptocurrency. So why is bitcoin so valuable compared with other virtual currencies

it's very simple, because bitcoin has a catalytic factor, that is, the Chicago Board of trade, as well as the commodity exchange, began to trade futures as a "commodity". Then, you will naturally think that since it has been recognized by the futures exchange, will it be further recognized by the US government in the next step. Other virtual currencies are still struggling

however, we have always stressed that since the day bitcoin was traded as a "commodity", its real monetary role, like gold, has been very weak in reality, but as one of the procts of gambling. This means that we all do bitcoin as a speculative activity, rather than a real use

judging from the current situation, bitcoin is no longer the only virtual currency that soars as soon as there is news of "official support". It is like iota, a virtual currency that focuses on the principle of the Internet of things. The news of cooperation with Microsoft came in the last two weeks, and it immediately rose to more than $300. Later, Microsoft came out and said that there was no such thing, and iota immediately fell back. It can be seen that in the future, as long as the virtual currency is recognized by some big company or organization, it will soar like bitcoin

29 well-known companies in the world hold more than US $30 billion in digital assets

recently, a new trend has emerged, because many well-known companies have decided to use bitcoin (BTC) for reserves rather than traditional assets. After MicroStrategy bought $250 million worth of BTC, the trend became popular. Soon after, the company continued to buy more bitcoin. After several purchases, MicroStrategy has increased its holdings to 70470 BTC or. 336% of its supply. After the acquisition of MicroStrategy, square Inc. and other companies began to acquire. And ruffer investments joined the bitcoin buying trend

according to bitpointstudies.org, a portal, many companies hold more than 1.1 million bitcoins or more than $30 billion worth of encryption assets. After MicroStrategy, a billion dollar company, bought $250 million worth of bitcoin in August, the large amount of bitcoin reserves held by well-known companies began to expand. Now 29 companies hold cryptocurrency instead of traditional reserves such as stocks and cash

so far, a total of 29 companies have been listed on bitpointresearches.org, which divides all companies into three different parts. Publicly traded, private and ETF like holders

mining Corp., Voyager digital Ltd., riot blockchain, Inc., bit digital, Inc., coin citadel Inc., advanced bitcoin Technologies AG, digitalx, hive blockchain, cypherpunk Holdings Inc., big digital assets Inc, The 15 publicly traded companies, Argo blockchain and frmo Corp., have a total market value of about 100003 and 160; BTC, the private company holding bitcoin funds, includes four private companies, including mtgox KK, block.one, tezos foundation and stone ridge holdings group. Among the reserves of all four companies, the total market value of private companies is 317383-160 more than that of listed companies; BTC

at the bottom of bitpointstudies.org, there are nine ETF like holders, including grayscale bitcoin trust, coinshares, ruffer investment, 3iq the bitcoin fund, grayscale digital large cap, bitwise 10 crypto index fund, WisdomTree bitcoin, 21shares AG, etc & 160; Group's bitcoin ETP

including tahini & x27, a Canadian restaurant chain; S and snappa, a Canadian graphics software company. Tahini's restaurant chain revealed that it converted all of its cash reserves into BTC, while snappa said it spent 40% of its cash reserves on bitcoin transactions. Mogo, a Canadian listed company, has just announced that it will invest 1.5% of its reserves in bitcoin and plans to buy more next year. When tahini decided to tell his financial adviser that he would buy bitcoin immediately, he suggested using gold. The owner of the restaurant said the precious metal gold has become a reliable haven

the company tweeted: &“ We looked at our financial adviser and told him that because of bitcoin, gold would become a scam. " Tashini added: "he laughed and condescended back to the 6000 year argument."

This book is divided into three chapters. The first part is an overview of Internet finance, which mainly describes the definition, characteristics and general situation of Internet finance; The second part is about the six modes of Internet finance, including the third-party payment, P2P online loan, big data finance, crowdfunding, information financial institutions and Internet financial portal; The third part is about the development of Internet finance, including risk analysis, financial supervision and development environment analysis of Internet finance<
contents of Internet Finance
foreword VIII
Chapter 1. Overview of Internet Finance 3
1.1 overview of Internet Finance 3
1.1.1 definition of Internet Finance 3
1.1.2 characteristics of Internet Finance 5
1.1.3 overview of six modes of Internet Finance 7
1.1.4 representative of internet currency bitcoin 10
1.2 interconnection Development of Internet Finance 15
1.2.1 development of Internet Finance in foreign countries 15
1.2.2 development of Internet Finance in China 17
Chapter 2 development and reform of financial instry 24
2.1.1 basic overview of financial instry 24
2.1.1 definition of Finance 24
2.2 development of traditional finance 25
2.2.1 emergence of commercial banks 25
2 2.2.2 functions of commercial banks 25
2.3 rise of modern financial instry 26
2.3.1 reform of financial institutions 26
2.3.2 positioning of modern financial instry 31
2.3.3 great improvement of strategic position of modern financial instry 32
2.4 financial innovation and reform of financial instry 33
2.4.1 meaning of financial innovation 33
2.4.2 motivation of financial innovation 33
2.4.3 development stage of financial innovation 35
2.4.4 impact of financial innovation on the financial instry 37
2.5 current situation and future of China's financial system 1 development of Internet 52
3.1.1 definition of Internet 52
3.1.2 development of Internet in China 52
3.2 social changes caused by Internet 54
3.2.1 life changes caused by Internet 55
3.2.2 business changes caused by Internet 58
3.3 financial instry changes caused by Internet 60
Chapter 2 six modes of Internet finance chapter 4 third party Payment 65
4.1 overview of third party payment 65
4.1.1 definition of third party payment 65
4.1.2 business process of third party payment 65
4.1.3 value of third party payment 67
4.1.4 development history of third party payment 68
4.1.5 scale of third party payment instry 70
4.2 operation mode of third party payment 72
4.2.1 independent third party payment mode 73
4.2.2 transaction Guarantee payment mode of platform 79
4.2.3 comparative analysis of the two modes 85
4.3 the impact of third-party payment on the development trend of financial instry 86
4.3.1 promoting the service reform of financial instry 87
4.3.2 encroaching on bank's intermediate business 88
4.3.3 creating innovative financing mode 89
4.4 risk analysis of third-party payment 92
4.4.1 operational risk 92
4.4.2 legal risk 9 3
4.5 suggestions on risk prevention of third party payment 95
4.5.1 carry out rating of third party payment platform 95
4.5.2 promote legislation and strengthen supervision, Post event management 97
4.6 development trend 98
4.6.1 increasingly fierce market competition 98
4.6.2 continuous expansion of application 98
4.6.3 continuous innovation of payment methods 99
4.6.4 diversification of business model 99
Chapter 5. P2P online loan 100
5.1.1 P2P online loan definition 100
5.1.2 P2P online loan transaction process 100
5.1.3 P2P online loan Foreign development 101
5.1.4 domestic development 104
5.2 analysis of P2P online lending model 110
5.2.1 pure platform model and creditor's rights transfer model 110
5.2.2 pure online model and combination of online and offline model 113
5.2.3 unguaranteed model and secured model 119
5.3 impact of P2P online lending on the development of financial instry 125
5.3.1 standardizing private lending Restrain usury 125
5.3.2 promote the development of direct financing 126
5.3.3 accelerate the marketization of "shadow banking" 127
5.3.4 promote the construction of credit reference system 128
5.3.5 innovate financial risk control means 129
5.3.6 promote the reform of financial supervision idea and innovation of supervision methods 129
5.4 P2P online loan risk analysis 130
5.4.1 operational risk 130
5.4.2 liquidity risk 13 1
5.4.3 legal risk 133
5.4.4 credit risk 134
5.5 suggestions on risk prevention of P2P online loan 135
5.5.1 setting up access threshold, strengthening government supervision 136
5.5.2 third party fund custody, separation of clearing and settlement 136
5.5.3 improving social credit reference system, realizing credit information sharing 137
5.5.4 clarifying legal nature, Determine the regulatory body 137
5.6 P2P network loan development trend 138
Chapter 6 big data finance 141
6.1 big data finance overview 141
6.1.1 big data finance definition 141
6.1.2 big data definition 141
6.1.3 combination of big data and finance 146
6.1.4 advantages of big data finance 148
6.2 analysis of big data finance operation mode 150
6.2.1 platform Model 150
6.2.2 supply chain finance model 156
6.3 the impact of big data Finance on the development trend of financial instry 162
6.3.1 data has become an important indicator to measure the core competitiveness of financial institutions 163
6.3.2 impact on the way of thinking and business model of financial instry 164
6.3.3 innovative procts and models, Simultaneous interpreting financial decisions 166
6.3.4 big data finance combined with traditional financial formats 167
6.4 big data financial risk analysis 167
6.4.1 technical risk 167
6.4.2 operational risk 168
6.4.3 legal risk 171
6.5.2 realize the balance between data privacy protection and data privacy application 173
6.5.3 integration and specialization of data resources 173
6.5.4 strengthen data mining 174
6.6 development trend of big data finance 174
6.6.1 e-commerce financialization, realize the integration of information flow and financial flow 175
6.6.2 financial institutions actively build data platform, Strengthen user experience 176
6.6.3 big data finance realize big data instry chain division 177
Chapter 7 · crowdfunding 179
7.1 introction to crowdfunding 179
7.1.1 definition of crowdfunding 179
7.1.2 classification of crowdfunding 179
7.1.3 participants of crowdfunding activities 180
7.1.4 operation process of crowdfunding activities 180
7.1.5 advantages of crowdfunding mode 183
7.2 analysis of operation mode of crowdfunding platform 185
7.2.1 incentive system crowdfunding 186
7.2.2 donation system crowdfunding 189
7.2.3 equity system crowdfunding 193
7.2.4 lending system crowdfunding 204
7.3 influence of crowdfunding platform on the development trend of financial instry 206
7.4 crowdfunding platform risk analysis 209
7.4.1 legal risk 209
7.4.2 credit risk 212
7.5 crowdfunding model risk prevention suggestions 214
7.5.1 legal system Keep pace with the times 215
7.5.2 establish and improve China's credit system 216
7.5.3 risk aversion methods in practical operation 217
7.6 crowdfunding platform development trend 219
7.6.1 crowdfunding model development trend prediction 219
7.6.2 the future of crowdfunding in China 222
Chapter 8. Information financial institutions 224
8.1 information financial institutions 224
8.1 information financial institutions Definition of financial institutions 224
8.1.2 informatization process of financial institutions 224
8.1.3 characteristics of informatization financial institutions 225
8.2 analysis of operation mode of informatization financial institutions 227
8.2.1 electronic mode of traditional business 227
8.2.2 innovative financial service mode based on Internet 229
8.2.3 financial e-commerce mode 233
8.3 impact of informatization financial institutions on financial instry The impact of the development trend 238
8.3.1 informatization has become the core competitiveness of enterprises, Rise to the strategic level 238
8.3.2 battlefield transfer of financial services competition 240
8.3.3 opportunities for "counter attack" of small and medium-sized financial institutions 242
8.3.4 obvious trend of mixed operation 243
8.4 risk analysis of information-based financial institutions 244
8.4.1 risk characteristics of information-based financial institutions 244
8.4.2 systematic risk 245
8.4.3 legal risk 245
8.4.4 operational risk 246
8.5 suggestions on risk prevention of information-based financial institutions 248
8.6 development trend of information-based financial institutions 249
8.6.1 virtualization of service institutions 249
8.6.2 popularization of service objects 250
8.6.3 platformization of financial institutions 252
8.6.4 personalization of financial services 253
Chapter 9 Internet financial portal 255
9.1 overview of Internet financial portal 255
9.1.1 Internet Definition of Internet financial portal 255
9.1.2 categories of Internet financial portal 255
9.1.3 characteristics of Internet financial portal 256
9.1.4 historical evolution of Internet financial portal 258
9.2 operation mode analysis 260
9.2.1 overview 260
9.2.2 P2P online loan portal 261
9.2.3 credit portal 265
9.2.4 insurance portal 268
9.2.5 management Financial portal 271
9.2.6 comprehensive portal 273
9.3 the impact of Internet financial portal on the development trend of financial instry 277
9.3.1 recing the degree of information asymmetry in financial market 277
9.3.2 changing the way users choose financial procts 278
9.3.3 forming anti vertical control over upstream financial institutions 278
9.4 risk analysis and risk control measures of Internet financial portal 279
9.4.1 risks faced by internet financial portal 279
9.4.2 risk control measures of Internet financial portal 282
9.5 development trend of Internet financial portal 283
Chapter 3 development thinking of Internet Finance
Chapter 10 risk analysis and risk control of Internet Finance 289
10.1 risk analysis of Internet Finance 289
10.1.1 systematic risk 290
10.1.2 Dynamic risk 293
10.1.3 credit risk 296
10.1.4 technical risk 296
10.1.5 operational risk 299
10.1.6 market risk 302
10.1.7 country risk 303
10.1.8 legal risk 305
10.1.9 reputation risk 306
10.2 common risk control methods 306
10.2.1 systematic risk control methods 308
10.2.2 credit risk Measurement model categories and analysis 313
10.2.3 other risk management common technical methods 317
Chapter 11. Exploration of Internet financial supervision 322
11.1.1 theoretical basis and development evolution of financial supervision 322
11.1.2 analysis and main contents of financial supervision mode 327
11.1.3 financial supervision system and main methods 332 < B R / > 11.2 exploration of Internet financial supervision in the world 335
11.2.1 exploration of Internet financial supervision in the United States 336
11.2.2 supervision of Internet Finance in Europe 338
11.2.3 supervision of Internet Finance in the United Kingdom 339
11.2.4 supervision of Internet Finance in China 340
11.3 exploration of Internet financial risk supervision 343
11.3.1 systematic risk supervision 343
11.3.2 liquidity risk supervision 344
11.3.2 />11.3.3 credit risk supervision 347
11.3.4 technical risk supervision 349
11.3.5 operational risk supervision 351
11.3.6 reputation risk supervision 351
11.3.7 country risk supervision 352 < B