Optical technology holds bitcoin

1. My friend, you have to look at the issue of March 31, 2020. It is a circulating shareholder, not a restricted shareholder. No matter what the reason is, if you have money, you can announce the rection at any time. Its shares are not restricted shares.

2.

1. Qiyuan equipment: in May 2012, Qiyuan equipment used over raised funds of US $4 million (40%) to establish Qiyuan (Shaanxi) leading electronic materials Co., Ltd. (with registered capital of US $10 million), and implemented the high purity special electronic materials project through the joint venture company. The joint venture company mainly develops and proces high purity electronic gas materials above 6N

2. Sinosteel Tianyuan: in August 2013, the company and anada established a joint venture company (registered capital of 12 million yuan) to engage in the proction of iron phosphate, and the company used the invention patent & quot; The invention relates to a preparation method of iron phosphate and a proct thereof; 3.6 million yuan, accounting for 30%, and anada 8.4 million yuan, accounting for 70%

as the raw material and electronic material of cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, iron phosphate has broad market prospects

3. Kane: at present, there are only two manufacturers in the world that can proce electrolytic capacitor paper in series (the other is NKK of Japan). As the only domestic and the second largest manufacturer of electrolytic capacitor paper in the world, Kane is in a relative monopoly position in the domestic electrolytic capacitor paper instry and maintains a high gross profit level, And was rated as "China's top 100 electronic components enterprises."

4. Guangqi Technology: on the evening of November 23, 2017, the company disclosed the revised draft of reorganization draft, and the company plans to purchase 100% equity of Guangqi cutting-edge held by Guangqi Hezhong with 446 million yuan in cash. We are engaged in the research of advanced metamaterial technology, the supply of military metamaterial solutions and the proction of procts

5. Gangyan Gaona: the procts of Gangyan Gaona cover three major subdivisions: cast superalloy, deformed superalloy and new type superalloy. It is one of the enterprises with the most advanced technology level and the most complete proction types in the field of Superalloy in China

the company has developed aerospace engine investment castings, turbine blade protection sheet, ODS alloy and other procts, which have no similar procts in China, and has exclusive intellectual property rights

3. State formula:

after the first World War, the Fan Hua system was established

Germany was defeated in the US, Britain and France<

in an attempt to seek hegemony in the world, Meisun "14 points"

in the British colonies, France was restricted and Germany was cut

France and Germany are old enemies, and the reparations are divided

with the intention to expand, Japan seized Germany, and there was another disturbance within the Empire< 4. The pithy formula of the development and evolution of Chinese painting:

Chinese painting started from the primitive, and the evolution of each dynasty has its own characteristics< The three generations of portrait masters (Xia, Shang and Zhou) have the most complete categories

there are famous works of literati and bureaucrats, and the paintings of Wei, Jin, North and South are active

at the peak of painting in Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the art of the two Song Dynasties was fully developed

in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, freehand landscape painting dominated the art circle< 5. The pithy formula of the development and evolution of Chinese calligraphy art:

Chinese calligraphy goes synchronously,

two stages of spontaneous consciousness (around the Wei and Jin Dynasties)<

regular script is auspicious and has strict structure (characteristics),

the development of Eastern Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties (the first grand event has spread)<

the cursive brush is simple, the hook is continuous, the line is fluent, the emotion is vertical,

the mature source (Development) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the early Han Dynasty<

regular grass is inlgent,

Erhe is a special proct (both regular grass and regular grass)

in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Western Jin Dynasty, the style of calligraphy was mature and evolved< 6. Pithy formula for the origin and evolution of Chinese characters:

Jiajin Zhuan Li Kai Zheng Ti,

the general trend of evolution< There are two stages of ancient writing: Li Kai (Jiajin Zhuan) and auxiliary cursive (formal auxiliary)< 7. Ancient Chinese painting and calligraphy Songs:

ancient and modern characters (3600 years up to now),

great achievements have been made in expressing the meaning of squares (dead characters in Sumerian, Egyptian and Mayan)<

calligraphy and painting are of the same origin (hieroglyphic cuneiform holy calligraphy characters),

six thousand years ago, they were all ancestors (words and pictures are proof)< 8. Eastern European countries' reform formula:

South Tito, Socialist Autonomy (Yugoslavia Tito, socialist autonomy)

Poznan, Costa Rica, reform, central planning and enterprise governance<

figuere, Hungary, 57 years, civil law was destroyed,

Kadar's new policy gained<

60 years of Czechoslovakia,

Dubcek's "Prague",

encountered the Soviet reform< 9. The pithy formula for the development of ancient Chinese Opera:

a. the rise and fall of Yuan opera was e to the imperial examination (stop or resume),

Guan Ma Zheng was the most famous (Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu, Baipu)<

Kunshan tune of southern opera in song and Yuan Dynasties (the formation of Ming legend),

Wei Gailiang created Tang Guanghui (Wei Liangfu's "Shuimo tune", Liang

Yu Chen's "Huansha Ji" and Tang Xianzu's "Peony Pavilion")

in the competition of folk stage, Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera come to compete<

Yihai Yukun's four tunes (Yiyang yanyaoshan's special creation),

Peking Opera's best singing in the city

Sheng Dan Jing Chou Hui Han he, the quintessence of Chinese opera Yang China

B. The Zaju of the Yuan Dynasty reached its peak, and the rap and singing performances were performed in a furnace

in the legendary golden age of Ming Dynasty, Qu Wenyou was rich in poetry

Peking Opera in the Qing Dynasty was widely spread, with many historical stories

talented people have emerged in the past five thousand years of Chinese civilization

C. Chinese opera has a long history, and it flourished in Yuan Dynasty

The Legend of Ming Dynasty has four tunes (Yiyang, haiprivate, Yuyao and Kunshan), and Liangfu's "Shuimo" Yuchen's "yarn"

there were hundreds of artists in the Qing Dynasty, and Peking Opera has been popular all over the world ever since<

10. Pithy formula for the development of science and technology in ancient China:

the four major inventions originated in China (pointer, gunpowder, printing for external use),

human history has been promoted< The technique of circle cutting of decimal circle (Liu and Zu's family's inscriptions) is the world's leading way in the millennium

the equatorial standard belongs to Shishi star (800 stars in Shi Shen's astronomy),

the world's ancient catalogue<

Jianyi was ahead of the telescope (the armillary sphere was changed to Guo Shoujing),

Tianqi was the first in the world<

mixed selection, human ecation and communication (Sisheng and Qimin create happiness after harvest), the wisdom of Chinese ancestors is deep<

"internal meridians" and "acupuncture" (basic skills of seeing, hearing, asking and cutting) are broad and profound, which will last forever<

Liao Wooden Pagoda, three treasure boats (treasure boat, Zheng He's painting forever, the mystery of architecture

has not been solved),

ancient civilization should be a divine land<

the location depends on the leading star (

the map of crossing the ocean in the annals of Wubei) and the navigation is unobstructed<

11. Ancient Chinese cultural rhymes:

A. folk songs are from the book of songs (Fengya song shows the style),

Chu state Qu Yuan sings Lisao (Dragon Boat Festival, Riverside sacrifice to Qu Ping)<

it belongs to the gorgeous Han Dynasty Fu (half poetry and half complex),

the early Tang Dynasty poetry is complex and beautiful (poetry immortal, poetry saint, rich artistic conception)<

there are two schools of Ci Poetry in Song Dynasty (thousands of Ci writers),

Sanqu and YuanJu are called Yuanqu (Guan Ma's creation is the highest)<

the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties reach the peak (the four famous works are precious today),

so far, there is no comparison (collected in the infinite wealth book)

B. Ode to Fengya in the book of songs and new songs of Chu Ci Fu

"Lisao" is a romantic scene, and there was "Yuefu" in Han Dynasty<

Tang poetry is brilliant, poetry is immortal and white,

three officials and three farewell "history" Du Fu

Song Ci is bold and graceful, while Zaju Sanqu is combined with Yuanqu

legends of the past and the present melt together, and novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties spread all over the world<

C. Chu Ci in the book of songs was born and

Han Fu and Tang poetry reached the peak

Song Ci and Yuan Qu are eternal works, and Ming and Qing novels express their feelings<

D. Chu Ci in the book of songs came out early,

Han Fu and Tang poetry were brilliant<

Song Ci and Yuan Opera are sung by everyone, and Ming and Qing novels strike the emperor<

12. Pithy formula for the development of science and technology in ancient China:

the four great inventions took the world (finger, paper, printing and fire),

the world changed dramatically

decimal circle cutting technique (don't forget Liu Hui's "circle cutting technique"),

it has been leading the world for thousands of years<

the equatorial sign belongs to Shishi star (a famous work in Shi Shen's astronomy),

the world's oldest catalogue genus (the earliest existing Shishi catalogue)<

Jianyi was in front of the telescope (Guo Shoujing contributed in Yuan Dynasty),

the world's best astronomical observation<

mixed selection, human ecation and communication (Sisheng and Qimin create happiness for the people), Chinese ancestors have deep wisdom<

"internal meridians" and "acupuncture" (observation, hearing, inquiring, especially important) have been handed down for generations<

Liao Wooden Pagoda, three treasure boats (treasure boat, Zheng He painting forever, the mystery of architecture has not been solved), ancient civilization, when China<

the location depends on the leading star (

the map of crossing the ocean in the annals of Wubei) and the navigation is unobstructed<

13. Art formula of Sui and Tang Dynasties:

Mogao Grottoes, thousand Buddha cave, flying long sleeve air dance<

Ouyang, the three great masters of the early Tang Dynasty, was born in Wu Dangfeng

Yan Jin Liu Gu Cao Zhang Su, the music and dance of Sui and Tang Dynasties show peace

the king of Qin broke into the rainbow dance, and his breath was still alive

(the Mogao Grottoes are now in Dunhuang, Gansu Province< They are Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan and Chu suiliang

most of Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy contains bones and muscles, while Liu Gongquan's handwriting shows bones and muscles, and cursive calligraphy represents Zhang Xu and monk huaisu most<

the famous music and dance art of Sui and Tang Dynasties are "the music of the king of Qin breaking the battle" and "the dance of rainbow clothes and feathers")<

14. The pithy formula of Tang Poetry:

in the early Tang Dynasty, Zi'ang was the pioneer (Chen Zi'ang),

there were Meng Wang (Meng Haoran and Wang Wei) in the landscape<

frontier fortress Gao (Gaoshi) cen (Censhen) desert stone,

Shixian Li (Li) Shisheng (Dufu)<

Bai Juyi's changhen has a surprising language,

it is composed of Xiao Li (Li Shangyin) and Du Mu (Du Mu) in the late Tang Dynasty< 15, 16 countries memory formula:

before Xiongnu Zhao Xia Beiliang, Qiang Hou Qin, Jie Hou Zhao

before the Han Dynasty, Di of the Qin Dynasty, Hou liang of the Han Dynasty, Bei Yan of the Han Dynasty, and Qian Xiliang of the Han Dynasty<

Xianbei before and after the Yan, plus the Western Qin and Nanliang (Nanyan)

16, Qin and Han culture pithy formula:

nine chapters arithmetic, Zhoubi Jing,

improving papermaking is Cai Lun<

Zhang Heng invented the seismograph,

Hua Tuo (founded "Wuqinxi" and invented "mafusan")

Zhang Zhongjing, the "medical sage"<

"historical records", "Hanshu" biography,

"Fu" and "Yuefu" new achievements<

"three strategies of heaven and man" Dong Zhongshu,

Wang Chong's "Lun Heng" fighting ghosts and gods

the terracotta warriors and horses in the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang resisted the Huns to build the Great Wall<

17. Spring and Autumn Cultural formula:

three sons and one Sutra count astronomy, Confucius, Lao Tzu, Sun Tzu, the book of songs,

mathematics the ninth multiplication table has recorded the earliest records of solar and lunar eclipses in the world, including the discovery of Halley's comet

18. The art memory formula of ancient Chinese Grottoes: Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yungang in Datong, Longmen in Luoyang Grottoes in Henan

in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province were Mogao

Sichuan Buddha, 70 (height), Leshan smile

19. The evolution of Chinese characters (calligraphy):

Banpo painted pottery characters began, and the oracle bones of Yin Ruins were more mature<

after the first emperor Xiaozhuan, Li calligraphy became an art in the Eastern Han Dynasty< The three books of Xi (preface to Lanting written in regular script, Xinghe and Cao) were written in regular script<

Yan jinliugu's "Duo" and "Xuan" steles,

Huang (Tingjian), mi (Fu), Su (SHI), CAI (Xiang) and the four families of Song Dynasty

20. Remember the pithy formula of the four meetings of the Red Army in the long march:

56 one Si Han, 510 one Shan Wu

66 Er Si Gan, 610 San Hui Ning

(each sentence has five words, representing the year and month, the number of the army, the location of the division, which is the condensed memory method)<

21. Cultural pithy formula of Sui and Tang Dynasties:

Jian Tian Diao Yi (sentimental),

Si Wen Hui Kui (literati poet)

note: it refers to architecture, astronomy, calendar, sculpture, medicine, prose, poetry, painting and grotto art

22. The formula of Five Dynasties and ten states:

from the end of Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and ten states

Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou dynasties, Zhu Lishi and Liu Guo

Wu Min, Wu Yue, Chu, Nanping and Shu

the Southern Tang Dynasty, the Southern Han Dynasty and the Southern Han Dynasty were in chaos for 70 years<

(among them, the replacement of former Shu and later Shu, the replacement of Southern Han and Northern Han,

Zhu Wen, Li Cunxu, Shi Jingtang, Liu Zhiyuan and Guo Wei)

23. The cultural formula of the Warring States Period:

Bian Que and Neijing in Ganshi,

hundred schools of thought in Luban<

Chu Ci style in Qu Yuan's Lisao,

Zhuzi's brilliant prose<

eight pieces of Mo Jing (Optics), dragon and Phoenix (Art),

art essence of Bianzhong and Tonghu<

24. Three Kingdoms, two Jin Dynasties, and southern and Northern Dynasties: Jia Sixie and Qi Min Yao Shu

Zuo zuchong Zhi and PI

fan Zhen and Shen Mie theory,

Wan Wang Xi and LAN Ting Xu

Gu Kai and "women's history zhentu"

Tao Taoyuan

4. *Compared with English,
the advantage of Chinese characters lies in that Chinese characters are two-dimensional expression, and two-dimensional is the highest efficiency that can be achieved by plane media to express information. English letters correspond to strokes of Chinese characters, single Chinese characters correspond to English words, and Chinese words correspond to English phrases. The advantages of Chinese in expressing and transmitting information are clear at a glance
the reuse rate of Chinese characters is very high. The total number of Chinese characters accumulated in the past dynasties is tens of thousands, and Kangxi dictionary contains more than 40000. Experts point out that there are only 3000 commonly used Chinese characters. It is an important content of sorting out and teaching Chinese characters in the past dynasties to select contemporary commonly used Chinese characters as the focus of learning and using Chinese characters. In history, the Three Character Classic and the thousand character essay are all literacy textbooks compiled with common characters at that time

What about English? For example, because a place name is a word, it takes only a few people to understand it correctly. English is really a stupid language. Because of its defects in expression, it tries to give a name to everything in the world by one-dimensional linear combination of letters. A thing is a word. The universe is infinite, the English vocabulary is infinite - unfortunately, people's energy is limited

English is divergent<

in the English world, the average American high school graate has about 3000 to 3500 words, which is enough to meet the needs of daily life. However, if there are no 20000 words, don't want to read the newspaper, if there are no 30000 words, don't want to read the weekly smoothly. Professionals 10 years after graation generally understand 80000 words. The emergence of new things is always accompanied by new words in English, such as rocket, computer and so on. But it's very easy to express these words in Chinese. They are "arrow" driven by "fire" and "machine" that can "calculate"! But English can't do this, can't rely on word formation, the reason is "too long". For example, the rocket will become "fire-drive-arrow" and the computer will become "computer-machine". People's perspective is limited, too long words will rece the readability of the article and readers' understanding ability. This is because English letters correspond to the strokes of Chinese characters, single Chinese characters correspond to English words, and Chinese words correspond to English phrases. The advantages of Chinese in expressing and transmitting information are clear at a glance

at present, the English vocabulary has exceeded 400000, and it is expected to reach one million by the middle of this century. However, Chinese is relatively stable, and now middle school students with little knowledge of ancient Chinese can read Qu Yuan's songs of Chu. English is difficult, too unstable. People nowadays have many difficulties in reading Shakespeare's original works, not to mention the poems of Chaucer, an English poet 400 years ago. Because English is mainly phonetic, it is also known as the most widely distributed language. Because of this, English speakers often misunderstand because of semantic vocabulary and regional habits. Therefore, it is not too much to say that English is "the most widely misunderstood language in the world". English is also the world's most likely to cause personnel disputes language. At present, the United Kingdom and the United States are also divided into British and American English. In addition, other so-called English speaking countries, although they all speak English, the differences in spelling and reading are no less than the differences between dialects in China, and the difficulty of communication is far more than that of using ideographic Chinese
* the development of modern Chinese (this section is quoted from "talking about the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and English")

research shows that Chinese characters, as a complex character symbol system, have high information entropy. The basic research methods are: graally expand the capacity of Chinese characters, with the increase of the capacity of Chinese characters, the increase of information entropy slows down; When the number of Chinese characters increases to 12370, the information entropy will not increase obviously. Chinese scientists point out that the capacity limit of Chinese characters is 12366 Chinese characters, and the value of static average information entropy of Chinese characters is 9.65 bits. According to the famous Zipf's Law (Zipf's law) in mathematical linguistics, it is the most informative character symbol system in the world. The comparison of information entropy of five UN working languages is as follows:
French: 3.98 bits

Spanish: 4.01 bits

English: 4.03 bits

Russian: 4.35 bits

Chinese: 9.65 bits


it can be seen that the information entropy of Pinyin characters is small and the difference is not big. Chinese characters have the largest amount of information

what is the concept of information entropy advantage of Chinese characters over Pinyin? The simple analogy is the difference between decimal and binary numbers. Decimal number system needs people to remember 0-9, 10 symbols, binary only need to remember 0 and 1 two symbols. Decimal multiplication and division to remember the 9x9 table, binary only need to learn and, or, not simple logic. But why don't we use binary digital system in our daily life? Because it's very wasteful, a number "7" is expressed as binary, and it becomes "111". Is it not tiring to remember a large number? Conversely, why don't humans use hexadecimal or higher? On the one hand, the intelligence of human brain is limited, on the other hand, hexadecimal system may not be able to greatly improve the information entropy. This information entropy is reflected in the text, that is, the Chinese version of UN documents must be the thinnest. Is high information entropy not concive to computer processing? I'm afraid it's difficult to draw a conclusion on this. A simple comparison of the input speed between Chinese and English can not explain the problem, because "word" and "word" are different concepts. To compare only two different Chinese and English texts of the same content, calculate the difference of keystrokes. Based on the unit of "word", modern Chinese and English can be compared. In order to cope with the emerging new things, new ideas, new technologies and new concepts, modern English is constantly coining words. It's nothing more than using Latin roots or recombining existing words. As a result, the more professional and technical words are, the longer and more difficult they are to remember. Or a large number of abbreviations are used, such as WTO, FBI, IBM, UFO and so on. In this respect, the advantage of modern Chinese word formation is very prominent. This is the advantage of high information entropy of Chinese character set

it is absurd to use modern computer technology as the standard of informatization to measure the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese characters and English letters. In the final analysis, modern computer technology is based on "diode" technology, and its future development is difficult to predict. Is it necessary for human beings to imitate the "diode" mode of thinking with a high degree of intelligence? That's a typical cut to fit. Just imagine, because of the invention of black and white photography, people should discard the color of oil painting? Was it because Morse code was suitable for the newly invented telegraph that people's language should be changed to "tick"

we should not ignore some difficulties encountered in the application of Chinese characters, but there is no need to exaggerate. After the Chinese invented movable type printing in those years, it has not been applied for a long time. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, block printing was still widely used in China. The reason is that the number of Chinese characters is too large, so it is difficult and uneconomic to make a set of character models for printing books. Finally, at the beginning of the 20th century, Westerners introced machine-made font, and China realized movable type printing. In the 20th century, at the beginning of the computer age, the lack of Chinese character processing software was once an obstacle, but it was soon solved. Now with the help of computer technology, the spread of Chinese characters is more convenient than ever

the real obstacle to China's progress is not technology, but the confinement of people's thinking. Before the introction of Western movable type into China, Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi's translation of European Renaissance thought books had been printed through ancient block printing. But at that time and for a long time later, it was not valued by the Chinese people. This is a very sad thing. Under the confinement of backward thinking, even if we change all our characters into advanced Arabic or Latin spelling like Iran and Turkey, we can not escape the decline like ancient Persia and Ottoman Empire<

.

exploring Chinese characters by Zhao Shimin

for example, the earliest form of the word "Huo" indicates that if there is water and root, it will live

for example, the word "home" had pigs in the first font room, which had strong reproctive capacity. At that time, human proctivity was the most important proction, and pigs with strong proction capacity symbolized the prosperity of the family

two, Chinese characters concentrate on the essence of Chinese history before the word.

for example, the word "Si" now refers to "Tian" and "Xin". It seems that "Xin Tian" is in charge of thought. Some people conclude that the organ that Chinese people didn't know to think was the brain. This is the first character he didn't see“ The earliest form of "Si" is "Xin" below, fontanel "above, and" fontanel "is hieroglyphic. Like the confluence of skulls, if you go to the hospital to find a skull specimen, you can see that the lines on the top of the head are very similar to the "fontanelle". Then, "thinking" does not mean "heart", but the communication between fingers and heart. This understanding of our ancestors is very avant-garde. Today's science has proved that the shape of "heart" and "thinking" also has thinking, also known as emotion< Third, Chinese characters reflect the philosophical thinking of our ancestors

for example, "Silence" means no words and no sound. Normally, only one "black" word is enough to symbolize it. Why should we add a "dog"? As everyone knows, dogs bark the most. Using a barking dog to approach silence and silence can better reflect the substantial content of "Silence". Coincidentally, ideologically speaking, "Silence" is proposed by eloquent wise men, while in terms of word formation, "Silence" is symbolized by barking dogs“ "Silence" means being able to speak without making a sound. If a born fool doesn't speak, we won't describe him with "Silence", just as we can't describe a piece of wood blind

Chinese characters not only construct the recessive system of Chinese philosophy, but also shape the psychological structure of Chinese people. On the surface, Chinese characters are just a symbol, referring to the corresponding things, but behind this correspondence, there are also the feelings, habits and even instincts of the Chinese people<

.

Chinese is C language, English is basic (ZT)

.

Chinese is C language, highly flexible< English is basic, semi-finished and rigid

Chinese can construct everything from the foundation

as long as you want to get it, you can express it

while English is a fixed configuration

can not well express the needs of personality

the smallest unit in Chinese is character, and the smallest unit in English is word

two Chinese characters can form a word, and English words are words

for example, cars, trains and bicycles all have cars

therefore, the commonness and indiviality are grasped

the combination of generality and indiviality is a new concept

very strong composability

but bus, car and bike in English have nothing in common

therefore, as long as Chinese people know a few thousand words, they can express the world

however, English has not grasped the relationship between generality and indiviality

every thing needs a word< br />

5. Pithy formula:

after the first World War, the Fan Hua system was built

Germany was defeated in the US, Britain and France<

in an attempt to seek hegemony in the world, Meisun "14 points"

in the British colonies, France was restricted and Germany was cut

France and Germany are old enemies, and the reparations are divided

with the intention to expand, Japan seized Germany, and there was another disturbance within the Empire< 4. The pithy formula of the development and evolution of Chinese painting:

Chinese painting started from the primitive, and the evolution of each dynasty has its own characteristics< The three generations of portrait masters (Xia, Shang and Zhou) have the most complete categories

there are famous works of literati and bureaucrats, and the paintings of Wei, Jin, North and South are active

at the peak of painting in Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the art of the two Song Dynasties was fully developed

in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, freehand landscape painting dominated the art circle< 5. The pithy formula of the development and evolution of Chinese calligraphy art:

Chinese calligraphy goes synchronously,

two stages of spontaneous consciousness (around the Wei and Jin Dynasties)<

regular script is auspicious and has strict structure (characteristics),

the development of Eastern Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties (the first grand event has spread)<

the cursive brush is simple, the hook is continuous, the line is fluent, the emotion is vertical,

the mature source (Development) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the early Han Dynasty<

regular grass is inlgent,

Erhe is a special proct (both regular grass and regular grass)

in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Western Jin Dynasty, the style of calligraphy was mature and evolved< 6. Pithy formula for the origin and evolution of Chinese characters:

Jiajin Zhuan Li Kai Zheng Ti,

the general trend of evolution< There are two stages of ancient writing: Li Kai (Jiajin Zhuan) and auxiliary cursive (formal auxiliary)< 7. Ancient Chinese painting and calligraphy Songs:

ancient and modern characters (3600 years up to now),

great achievements have been made in expressing the meaning of squares (dead characters in Sumerian, Egyptian and Mayan)<

calligraphy and painting are of the same origin (hieroglyphic cuneiform holy calligraphy characters),

six thousand years ago, they were all ancestors (words and pictures are proof)< 8. Eastern European countries' reform formula:

South Tito, Socialist Autonomy (Yugoslavia Tito, socialist autonomy)

Poznan, Costa Rica, reform, central planning and enterprise governance<

figuere, Hungary, 57 years, civil law was destroyed,

Kadar's new policy gained<

60 years of Czechoslovakia,

Dubcek's "Prague",

encountered the Soviet reform< 9. The pithy formula for the development of ancient Chinese Opera:

a. the rise and fall of Yuan opera was e to the imperial examination (stop or resume),

Guan Ma Zheng was the most famous (Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu, Baipu)<

Kunshan tune of southern opera in song and Yuan Dynasties (the formation of Ming legend),

Wei Gailiang created Tang Guanghui (Wei Liangfu's "Shuimo tune", Liang

Yu Chen's "Huansha Ji" and Tang Xianzu's "Peony Pavilion")

in the competition of folk stage, Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera come to compete<

Yihai Yukun's four tunes (Yiyang yanyaoshan's special creation),

Peking Opera's best singing in the city

Sheng Dan Jing Chou Hui Han he, the quintessence of Chinese opera Yang China

B. The Zaju of the Yuan Dynasty reached its peak, and the rap and singing performances were performed in a furnace

in the legendary golden age of Ming Dynasty, Qu Wenyou was rich in poetry

Peking Opera in the Qing Dynasty was widely spread, with many historical stories

talented people have emerged in the past five thousand years of Chinese civilization

C. Chinese opera has a long history, and it flourished in Yuan Dynasty

The Legend of Ming Dynasty has four tunes (Yiyang, haiprivate, Yuyao and Kunshan), and Liangfu's "Shuimo" Yuchen's "yarn"

there were hundreds of artists in the Qing Dynasty, and Peking Opera has been popular all over the world ever since<

10. Pithy formula for the development of science and technology in ancient China:

the four major inventions originated in China (pointer, gunpowder, printing for external use),

human history has been promoted< The technique of circle cutting of decimal circle (Liu and Zu's family's inscriptions) is the world's leading way in the millennium

the equatorial standard belongs to Shishi star (800 stars in Shi Shen's astronomy),

the world's ancient catalogue<

Jianyi was ahead of the telescope (the armillary sphere was changed to Guo Shoujing),

Tianqi was the first in the world<

mixed selection, human ecation and communication (Sisheng and Qimin create happiness after harvest), the wisdom of Chinese ancestors is deep<

"internal meridians" and "acupuncture" (basic skills of seeing, hearing, asking and cutting) are broad and profound, which will last forever<

Liao Wooden Pagoda, three treasure boats (treasure boat, Zheng He's painting forever, the mystery of architecture

has not been solved),

ancient civilization should be a divine land<

the location depends on the leading star (

the map of crossing the ocean in the annals of Wubei) and the navigation is unobstructed<

11. Ancient Chinese cultural rhymes:

A. folk songs are from the book of songs (Fengya song shows the style),

Chu state Qu Yuan sings Lisao (Dragon Boat Festival, Riverside sacrifice to Qu Ping)<

it belongs to the gorgeous Han Dynasty Fu (half poetry and half complex),

the early Tang Dynasty poetry is complex and beautiful (poetry immortal, poetry saint, rich artistic conception)<

there are two schools of Ci Poetry in Song Dynasty (thousands of Ci writers),

Sanqu and YuanJu are called Yuanqu (Guan Ma's creation is the highest)<

the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties reach the peak (the four famous works are precious today),

so far, there is no comparison (collected in the infinite wealth book)

B. Ode to Fengya in the book of songs and new songs of Chu Ci Fu

"Lisao" is a romantic scene, and there was "Yuefu" in Han Dynasty<

Tang poetry is brilliant, poetry is immortal and white,

three officials and three farewell "history" Du Fu

Song Ci is bold and graceful, while Zaju Sanqu is combined with Yuanqu

legends of the past and the present melt together, and novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties spread all over the world<

C. Chu Ci in the book of songs was born and

Han Fu and Tang poetry reached the peak

Song Ci and Yuan Qu are eternal works, and Ming and Qing novels express their feelings<

D. Chu Ci in the book of songs came out early,

Han Fu and Tang poetry were brilliant<

Song Ci and Yuan Opera are sung by everyone, and Ming and Qing novels strike the emperor<

12. Pithy formula for the development of science and technology in ancient China:

the four great inventions took the world (finger, paper, printing and fire),

the world changed dramatically

decimal circle cutting technique (don't forget Liu Hui's "circle cutting technique"),

it has been leading the world for thousands of years<

the equatorial sign belongs to Shishi star (a famous work in Shi Shen's astronomy),

the world's oldest catalogue genus (the earliest existing Shishi catalogue)<

Jianyi was in front of the telescope (Guo Shoujing contributed in Yuan Dynasty),

the world's best astronomical observation<

mixed selection, human ecation and communication (Sisheng and Qimin create happiness for the people), Chinese ancestors have deep wisdom<

"internal meridians" and "acupuncture" (observation, hearing, inquiring, especially important) have been handed down for generations<

Liao Wooden Pagoda, three treasure boats (treasure boat, Zheng He painting forever, the mystery of architecture has not been solved), ancient civilization, when China<

the location depends on the leading star (

the map of crossing the ocean in the annals of Wubei) and the navigation is unobstructed<

13. Art formula of Sui and Tang Dynasties:

Mogao Grottoes, thousand Buddha cave, flying long sleeve air dance<

Ouyang, the three great masters of the early Tang Dynasty, was born in Wu Dangfeng

Yan Jin Liu Gu Cao Zhang Su, the music and dance of Sui and Tang Dynasties show peace

the king of Qin broke into the rainbow dance, and his breath was still alive

(the Mogao Grottoes are now in Dunhuang, Gansu Province< They are Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan and Chu suiliang

most of Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy contains bones and muscles, while Liu Gongquan's handwriting shows bones and muscles, and cursive calligraphy represents Zhang Xu and monk huaisu most<

the famous music and dance art of Sui and Tang Dynasties are "the music of the king of Qin breaking the battle" and "the dance of rainbow clothes and feathers")<

14. The pithy formula of Tang Poetry:

in the early Tang Dynasty, Zi'ang was the pioneer (Chen Zi'ang),

there were Meng Wang (Meng Haoran and Wang Wei) in the landscape<

frontier fortress Gao (Gaoshi) cen (Censhen) desert stone,

Shixian Li (Li) Shisheng (Dufu)<

Bai Juyi's changhen has a surprising language,

it is composed of Xiao Li (Li Shangyin) and Du Mu (Du Mu) in the late Tang Dynasty< 15, 16 countries memory formula:

before Xiongnu Zhao Xia Beiliang, Qiang Hou Qin, Jie Hou Zhao

before the Han Dynasty, Di of the Qin Dynasty, Hou liang of the Han Dynasty, Bei Yan of the Han Dynasty, and Qian Xiliang of the Han Dynasty<

Xianbei before and after the Yan, plus the Western Qin and Nanliang (Nanyan)

16, Qin and Han culture pithy formula:

nine chapters arithmetic, Zhoubi Jing,

improving papermaking is Cai Lun<

Zhang Heng invented the seismograph,

Hua Tuo (founded "Wuqinxi" and invented "mafusan")

Zhang Zhongjing, the "medical sage"<

"historical records", "Hanshu" biography,

"Fu" and "Yuefu" new achievements<

"three strategies of heaven and man" Dong Zhongshu,

Wang Chong's "Lun Heng" fighting ghosts and gods

the terracotta warriors and horses in the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang resisted the Huns to build the Great Wall<

17. Spring and Autumn Cultural formula:

three sons and one Sutra count astronomy, Confucius, Lao Tzu, Sun Tzu, the book of songs,

mathematics the ninth multiplication table has recorded the earliest records of solar and lunar eclipses in the world, including the discovery of Halley's comet

18. The art memory formula of ancient Chinese Grottoes: Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yungang in Datong, Longmen in Luoyang Grottoes in Henan

in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province were Mogao

Sichuan Buddha, 70 (height), Leshan smile

19. The evolution of Chinese characters (calligraphy):

Banpo painted pottery characters began, and the oracle bones of Yin Ruins were more mature<

after the first emperor Xiaozhuan, Li calligraphy became an art in the Eastern Han Dynasty< The three books of Xi (preface to Lanting written in regular script, Xinghe and Cao) were written in regular script<

Yan jinliugu's "Duo" and "Xuan" steles,

Huang (Tingjian), mi (Fu), Su (SHI), CAI (Xiang) and the four families of Song Dynasty

20. Remember the pithy formula of the four meetings of the Red Army in the long march:

56 one Si Han, 510 one Shan Wu

66 Er Si Gan, 610 San Hui Ning

(each sentence has five words, representing the year and month, the number of the army, the location of the division, which is the condensed memory method)<

21. Cultural pithy formula of Sui and Tang Dynasties:

Jian Tian Diao Yi (sentimental),

Si Wen Hui Kui (literati poet)

note: it refers to architecture, astronomy, calendar, sculpture, medicine, prose, poetry, painting and grotto art

22. The formula of Five Dynasties and ten states:

from the end of Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and ten states

Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou dynasties, Zhu Lishi and Liu Guo

Wu Min, Wu Yue, Chu, Nanping and Shu

the Southern Tang Dynasty, the Southern Han Dynasty and the Southern Han Dynasty were in chaos for 70 years<

(among them, the replacement of former Shu and later Shu, the replacement of Southern Han and Northern Han,

Zhu Wen, Li Cunxu, Shi Jingtang, Liu Zhiyuan and Guo Wei)

23. The cultural formula of the Warring States Period:

Bian Que and Neijing in Ganshi,

hundred schools of thought in Luban<

Chu Ci style in Qu Yuan's Lisao,

Zhuzi's brilliant prose<

eight pieces of Mo Jing (Optics), dragon and Phoenix (Art),

art essence of Bianzhong and Tonghu<

24. The cultural memory formula of the Three Kingdoms, the two Jin Dynasties and the southern and Northern Dynasties:

Jia Sixie and "Qi Min Yao Shu"

be Zuchong

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