Bitcoin computing power concentration

1.

The following is the distribution chart of computing power:

the computing power of bitcoin is mainly controlled by some mine owners in the world, and the computing power of retail investors is very small, almost negligible. The computing power of China's mining pool even accounts for more than 80%, and China's voice is increasing

however, many digital currencies no longer need to be mined. Some digital currencies will be directly sent to investors through ICO, and Puyin is one of the representatives, but these digital currencies generally correspond to real assets

2.

Bitcoin bulls often mention that the scarcity value of this cryptocurrency is the main reason for its continued rise. Bitcoin is similar to gold to some extent. The growth of its supply is extremely slow, and it is still slowing down. Its total supply will only reach 21 million

with the increasing interest of institutional investors and retail investors in bitcoin, global exchanges such as the Chicago Board of options (CBOE) have launched bitcoin futures contracts. This is likely to encourage more institutional investors to invest in bitcoin, while at the same time further curbing the price volatility of bitcoin

this much anticipated bitcoin futures trading has been launched on the Chicago Board of options exchange, which represents a significant step in the legalization of cryptocurrency. Futures is a derivative / financial instrument, which can force dealers to buy and sell an asset at a specific time and price

3. 1. Using bitcoin mining machine to obtain bitcoin
mining is the only way to obtain undeveloped bitcoin, which needs to purchase professional mining equipment for mining, which is called mining machine in the instry
bitcoin miner obtains bitcoin through a lot of calculation through hash algorithm. As we all know, the number of bitcoin is constant, 21 million. As time goes on, the number of miners increases and the number of miners decreases.
the difficulty of bitcoin system is dynamically adjusted. Every 2016 bitcoin is g, an adjustment will be made, The adjustment is based on the block time of the previous 2016 blocks. If the average block time of the previous cycle is less than 10 minutes, it will increase the difficulty. If it is more than 10 minutes, it will rece the difficulty. The purpose is to ensure that the system can output a block every 10 minutes, so the difficulty adjustment time is about 2 weeks (2016 * 10 minutes), that is to say, the output will be halved every four years, And the difficulty will be adjusted every 14 days, so the general trend seems that the output of mining will be less and less
2. Purchasing power for bitcoin
after the prevalence of mining, there are some bitcoin mines, that is, multiple mining machines are concentrated in one place for mining, unified maintenance and management, low electricity price, to rece the cost of mining
the most important parameter of bitcoin mining machine is computing power. The higher the computing power is, the higher the output will be. In the difficulty of bitcoin mining, how much bitcoin can be g with 1t computing power is also used to measure the current difficulty of mining. Therefore, some mines will directly sell computing power to users to dig coins. In this way, the mining risk is relatively lower, and there is no need to buy mining machines and equipment, and no need to maintain them, The maintenance and management of mining machine is relatively troublesome for Xiao
3. Reward for bitcoin
with the rising price of bitcoin, bitcoin has gained more popularity than before, and its position in virtual currency is also unmatched by other currencies. There are some real procts of reward bitcoin mechanism in the market, and cat disk is one of them< The simplest way to get bitcoin is to find the person who holds bitcoin to buy bitcoin, which is equivalent to buying goods. But bitcoin is not required by everyone. Therefore, it is necessary to find the person who holds bitcoin and carry out direct transfer transaction. At the same time, there are certain risks, The other side needs indivials to grasp whether they are cheaters or not, so I don't recommend such transactions on the basis of not being acquaintances or not having certain trust
2. Online trading
there are many trading platforms for bitcoin, large or small. At present, the relatively large and well-known trading platforms are Huo coin, coin security, okex, uto market,... And so on. These platforms are more convenient and safe as three-party guarantee transactions, and the only risk is platform running, But the possibility is relatively small, but some small platforms are not without security

4. Generally, the mine is close to the power station, all in the mountains, and the domestic mines are concentrated in Xinjiang and Yunnan! Those who sell mining machines are all concentrated in Shenzhen

5. Starting from the essence of bitcoin, the essence of bitcoin is actually a special solution generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique
in the metaphor of RMB, bitcoin is the serial number of RMB. If you know the serial number of a note, you have the note. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of this equation system through a huge amount of calculation. This equation system is designed to have only 21 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 21 million
to mine bitcoin, you can download the special bitcoin computing tools, register various cooperation websites, fill the registered user name and password into the computing program, and then click the operation to officially start
after completing the installation of bitcoin client, you can directly obtain a bitcoin address. When others pay, you only need to post the address to others, and you can pay through the same client. After installing the bitcoin client, it will distribute a private key and a public key. You need to back up your wallet data containing your private key to ensure that your property is not lost. Unfortunately, if the hard disk is completely formatted, personal bitcoin will be completely lost.

6.

1、 Mining principle

at the beginning, we could dig bitcoin with the computer CPU. The founder of bitcoin, Nakamoto Tsung, g out the world's first creation block with his computer CPU. However, the era of CPU mining has long passed, and now bitcoin mining is the era of ASIC mining and large-scale cluster mining

looking back on the mining history, bitcoin mining has gone through the following five times: CPU mining → GPU mining → FPGA mining → ASIC mining → large-scale cluster mining, The mining speed changes are as follows:

CPU (20mhash / s) → GPU (400mhash / s) → FPGA (25ghash / s) → ASIC (3.5tash / s) → large scale cluster mining (3.5tash / s * x)

mining speed, which is called computing power in professional terms, that is, the ability of computer to generate hash collisions per second. In other words, how many hash collisions can our miner do per second is the calculation force. Computing power is the ability to dig bitcoin. The higher the computing power, the more bitcoin you dig, the higher the return

in the world of bitcoin, a data block is recorded about every 10 minutes. All mining computers are trying to package the data block and submit it, and the person who successfully generates the data block will get a bitcoin reward. Initially, bitcoin rewards of 50 bitcoins could be generated about every 10 minutes. But the payment is halved every four years, and now the bitcoin network can generate 25 bitcoins every 10 minutes

to successfully generate data blocks, miners need to find the effective hash value. To get the correct hash value, there is no shortcut. You can only guess. The process of guessing is the process of computer random hash collision. If you guess correctly, you will get bitcoin

Mining method: from a miner to a large-scale mine, you need to prepare a miner, a computer that can connect to the Internet, an AUC, a raspberry pie, power supply and all kinds of connecting lines, etc. The connection order of various devices is network cable - & gt; Raspberry pie - & gt; Microusb cable - & gt; AUC-> 4Pin cable - & gt; Mining machine and power supply

< EM > Figure 3: Mine Map (scale of tens of thousands of mining machines) < / EM >

nowadays, the profit space of small and medium-sized absenteeism who take one mining machine home or deploy a small family workshop (dozens of mining machines) is very limited, and the mining instry is graally concentrating on enterprises and teams with low-cost power resources and professional deployment ability

there are many factors that affect the mining revenue, such as the performance and power consumption of mining machinery, the computing power and difficulty of the whole network, the deployment and operation and maintenance capacity of the mine, the availability of low-cost electricity resources, and the currency price and policy guidance, etc. At present, excellent mining enterprises have the ability of chip research and development, a lot of computing power, professional mine deployment and operation experience, etc. in the future, resources and computing power will be more and more concentrated in these mining enterprises

2. Mine pool

in addition to the above equipment, you also need a necessary tool - mine pool. The function of the mine pool is to gather a large amount of mineral computing power, increase your probability of getting bitcoin, and at the same time, distribute your future bitcoin income to your account in advance

the simple explanation is as follows: now the bitcoin network generates a block every 10 minutes, which contains 25 bitcoins. Suppose there are 1W people in the world participating in mining, then in these 10 minutes, only one lucky person has taken these 25 bitcoins, and the others have nothing. The principle of the mine pool is that everyone mines in teams and distributes according to the agreed distribution method, so that the income of the miners' bitcoin tends to be stable and the risks of the miners are reced. Let's take the most common PPS allocation method as an example. Suppose that your computing power is 10t, and the computing power of the whole mine pool is 100t. Your computing power accounts for 1 / 10 of the total computing power of the mine pool. Suppose that the mine pool can generate 10 bitcoins a day, then you can get 1 bitcoin a day

3. Cloud computing power

in reality, the supply of mining machines often exceeds the demand, and at the same time, the delivery of mining machines needs a long waiting period. Miner installation, commissioning, maintenance and other processes are very complex, which requires a lot of energy. Miners have to enre the noise and heat of miner. For miners, the biggest cost is not these, but the high electricity charges consumed by mining. The profit space of small and medium-sized miners is getting smaller and smaller, even negative

Mining income and risk mining income can be calculated by the following formula:

Mining income = generated bitcoin * currency price - mining machinery cost - electricity fee - custody fee

if you are just a small miner, generally you only need to dect mining machinery cost and electricity fee

Mining risks are as follows:

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at present, the number of bitcoin is less than 4.5 million. If we do not issue additional bitcoin, the price of bitcoin will fluctuate, and the price callback will lead to the extension of the payback cycle

mining difficulty improvement at present, our machines can meet the market demand

the risk of power outage

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7. Bitcoin was created by miners digging. The essence of the so-called miner mining is to carry out bookkeeping activities on the blockchain ledger. Bitcoin is a kind of reward for miners. For each block recorded, a fixed number of bitcoins will be generated as rewards, and miners with high computing power will have a greater probability of obtaining bitcoins. Therefore, the emergence of bitcoin has a great relationship with miners, mining machines and computing power. But basically no one will get bitcoin through mining, because mining machines and electricity have costs, and the computing power of Retail mining is relatively low, and the speed of getting bitcoin is relatively slow, so it is difficult to recover the cost. You can buy a few bitcoins directly on the website of fire coin.

8.

Although many countries do not recognize the value and status of bitcoin, bitcoin is still popular in recent years, and its existence is controversial. Some people say that it has no practical significance, just a number. If it is not officially recognized by the world, mining is a constant waste of energy. Some people say & lt; No one can be sure whether bitcoin is a black horse or not

in fact, bitcoin is calculated and proced through computer networking, also known as mining. At the beginning, there was a personal computer to dig, but the efficiency was relatively low, and the cost of graphics card was low. Then there was a special bitcoin mining machine, ranging from several hundred to two or three hundred thousand yuan

when we talk about bitcoin, we naturally need blockchain because of the blockchain, bitcoin can become bitcoin. It is a secure general ledger for all payments and transactions. It can be said that everyone can contribute to the update. We need to solve a very complex mathematical problem by brute force& mdash; Hash algorithm to complete a block

many people want to know the value of a bitcoin. In fact, the price of bitcoin is changing all the time. We need to check the figures of that day. At present, the price of a bitcoin is less than 30000