Is bitcoin really attacked by hackers
some malware also make great use of the parallel computing power of graphics cards. In August 2011, botnet of bitcoin mining was discovered, and Mac OS X infected by Trojan horse was also discovered to mine bitcoin.
on June 19, 2011, security vulnerability of mt.gox (Magic: abbreviation of the gathering online exchange) bitcoin trading center caused the price of 1 bitcoin to drop to 1 cent (although other transactions were not affected). The reason is that a hacker stole the user's mtgox certificate from the computer infected with the Trojan horse, so he transferred bitcoin to his own account and sold it, resulting in a large number of "ask" requests at that price. A few minutes later, mtgox shut down and cancelled the abnormal transactions in the hacking incident, making the price of bitcoin rebound back to $15. In the end, the bitcoin exchange rate went back to what it was before the crash. Accounts equivalent to more than $8750000 were affected
in July 2011, the operator of bitomat, the world's third largest bitcoin trading center, announced the loss of access rights to the wallet.dat file that records 17000 bitcoins (about 220000 US dollars). At the same time, announced the decision to sell services to make up for the loss of users
in August 2011, mybitcoin, one of the processing centers of common bitcoin transactions, announced that it had been attacked by hackers and shut down. Involving 49% of customers' deposits, more than 78000 bitcoins (then equivalent to about $800000) are missing
in early August 2012, bitconica was sued in the San Francisco court for damages of about $460000. In 2012, bitconica was attacked twice by hackers, accused of ignoring the security of customers' funds and forging withdrawal applications
in late August 2012, bitcoin savings and trust was shut down by its owner, leaving about US $5.6 million in debt. At the same time, he was accused of operating the Ponzi scheme. In September 2012, the securities and Exchange Commission began to investigate the case
in September 2012, bitfloor trading center was also hacked, and 24000 bitcoins (about US $250000) were stolen. Bitfloor was suspended. Bitfloor resumed operations in the same month, and its founder said he had reported the theft to the FBI and that he was planning to compensate the victims, but the compensation schele was unclear
in June 2011, a hacker transferred 25000 bitcoins into his account, which is equivalent to 500000 US dollars. The whole transaction could not be traced. Although the owner of bitcoin announced the theft on the Internet, it was useless. The hacker became the first thief of bitcoin
in 2012, 46703 bitcoin worth US $228845 was stolen e to the disclosure of the super management password of the server of the website hosting provider linode. More than 43000 stolen bitcoins belong to bitcoinica, a bitcoin trading platform. Another 3094 bitcoins are owned by Marek palatinus, a Czech programmer. Gavin Andersen, the chief bitcoin programmer, also lost his five bitcoins.
stolen
mark kalpler, chief executive of mt.gox, bowed his apology at a news conference held in Tokyo yesterday, saying that "the loss of bitcoin is e to a loophole in the company's system"
a lawyer for Mt. GOx said that almost all the bitcoins traded on the platform were stolen, including about 750000 bitcoins in the user's trading account and about 100000 bitcoins in Mt. GOx's own account. According to the trading on February 28, the loss is estimated to be about $467 million
according to media reports, mt.gox trading platform had more than 1 million accounts at its peak, mainly from customers outside Japan, including many users trading more than US $10000. Some bitcoin investors have rushed to Tokyo from overseas in an attempt to recover trading funds from Mt. GOx
on February 7, e to hacker attacks, mt.gox temporarily stopped the bitcoin extraction business, causing transaction confusion and user dissatisfaction. From the noon of February 25, users cannot log in to mt.gox trading platform. The home page of the website then pasted a "notice to customers" to suspend all transactions
Li, a native of Hefei, spent 140000 yuan to buy 124 bitcoins in October this year. Afterwards, Li joined some chat groups of bitcoin players to pay close attention to the bitcoin market. On October 22, a person named Michael in the group took the initiative to chat with Li and asked him if he was mining“ I won't, and I won't get any money. " Mr. Li replied. Michael repeatedly urged Li to have a try and sent him a "mining tool", claiming that he could use the tool to dig more bitcoin. In the subsequent chat, Michael constantly reminds Li to put bitcoin in his wallet, saying that the trading website is not safe“ From time to time, there are news that trading websites are closing down and running away. What he said is quite reasonable, so I believe him. " Li told Anhui Business Daily
100 bitcoins disappeared
Li received and installed mining tools. On the evening of October 26, he was inced by Michael to put 100 bitcoins in his wallet. However, when the bitcoin in the E-wallet just reached 100, it suddenly disappeared. Li suddenly panic God, and then contact Michael, the convenience of invisible disappeared
Li told reporters that at present, a bitcoin costs about 5000 or 6000 yuan, and 100 bitcoins are worth 500000 or 600000 yuan. Afterwards, Li reported the case to the police. However, to Li's disappointment, because bitcoin is a virtual currency, there is no relevant domestic law to regulate and protect its transactions. The police did not file a case“ Now, this man named Michael is still active on the Internet. He's just taking advantage of the law. " Li told Anhui Business Daily
there is a Trojan horse in "mining tools"
How could Li's bitcoin disappear? 360 security engineer contacted him and tested Michael's "mining tool", and found that this tool is a very popular "bitcoin robber" Trojan horse this year. According to the analysis of 360 security center, most of the "bitcoin thieves" Trojans are disguised as mining tools, simplified wallets and other compressed files. Once a player is recruited, the Trojan will automatically search for bitcoin wallets and steal them through e-mail, hacker remote control and other means.
at present, the vast majority of digital currency transactions are concted in exchanges. Among the numerous exchanges, bitfinex, binance, okex and so on are well-known
However, bitcoin and other digital currencies, as decentralized assets, have to be traded in a centralized exchange, which seems to have hidden contradictions and dangers1. Problems and challenges of stock exchanges=“ //www.yuanxue365.com/en/img_fd039245d688d43fdf16c83b761ed21b0ff43bbf ">
in February 2014, Mt. GOx, the world's largest bitcoin exchange at that time, was stolen 850000 bitcoins, and the price of bitcoin suffered a" cliff "crash on that day. Later, it was revealed that Mt. GOx was in fact a thief, and only 7000 bitcoins were actually stolen
in August 2016, bitfinex, the largest U.S. dollar bitcoin trading platform, suffered a security vulnerability, resulting in the theft of 120000 bitcoins, which was worth $65 million at that time. If converted into the price in December 2017, it would be worth nearly $2 billion
on December 19, 2017, South Korea's youbit exchange was attacked by hackers and lost 4000 bitcoins, and the exchange declared bankruptcy
on December 21, 2017, the Ukrainian liqui exchange was stolen 60000 bitcoins, and the unit price of bitcoin plummeted by US $2000
in 2018, such a drama will only continue
in addition to the threat of hackers, traditional exchanges also have some inherent shortcomings, such as lack of supervision and inefficiency. The security of the exchange for investors can only rely on its own credit, and the cost of running is very low. The stock exchange is regulated at the national level, but there is no such sword of Damocles on the top of the digital currency exchange. Moreover, in an exchange, the same order can only be submitted to one exchange. After the user places an order, the funds used for the transaction will be frozen and can only wait for the completion or cancellation of the transaction. These are undoubtedly inefficient
All in all, the problems of exchanges are the problems of centralization2. Decentralization of exchanges=“ //www.yuanxue365.com/en/img_86d6277f9e2f070889a173c9e224b899a801f257 ">
(1) the progress of the exchange itself
the upgrade of security means is various. At present, the best use is cold wallet, that is, to keep the digital currency in the offline U disk. At the end of 2017, when the YouTube exchange was attacked, 75% of its assets were withdrawn into the cold purse in time to avoid greater losses. However, it seems to be a helpless way to protect the online assets by offline means. Of course, there should be many other methods, which will not be repeated here
(2) the representative of cross ledger transaction is ripple network, and the operating company is ripple labs, which is a semi centralized system. Ripple is a decentralized clearing agreement. In order to solve the high cost and delay of inter-bank clearing, its base currency is XRP. Ripple network can connect all kinds of assets, such as US dollar, RMB, Japanese yen, bitcoin, etc. to its own network. In this system, U.S. dollars or bitcoin can be converted into reborn currency, and then reborn currency can circulate freely in the network, just as a highway is built between various assets. Due to the support of major banking institutions, the reborn currency achieved nearly 300 times growth in 2017
(3) decentralized exchange
some teams try to use blockchain technology to build a decentralized exchange. This kind of decentralized exchange, to some extent, is an extension of cross ledger trading
bitshares is the most representative of early rising projects. It builds a blockchain development platform with servers scattered all over the world. Even if some of them are attacked, the system will not collapse. Anyone can transfer money and borrow money freely on this platform, and can also quickly build a centralized exchange based on this platform. In order to ensure stable value, bitstocks also require three times of digital assets as collateral. At present, bitstocks are running fairly well
later, with the development of Ethereum and smart contract, the x x protocol came into being. This is an open protocol running in the Ethereum blockchain and a decentralized exchange in the Ethereum ecosystem. The agreement has attracted many investors. At present, it has completed financing and started to build open source software tools and infrastructure. Of course, there are many competitors. Ether Delta, IDEX and oasis DEX are trying to provide similar functions. Moreover, it is a smart contract system based on Ethereum, which only supports erc20 token. If other smart contract public chains start to rise, the demand will be reced
in addition, there are some teams that are entering, such as the domestic road seal agreement, looping (LRC) in English. They adopted a design similar to the X protocol, and also introced a fast payment function similar to the lightning network. It is characterized by trying to match multiple exchanges, the user's order can be broadcast to multiple exchanges, and completed by different exchanges. Moreover, the user can still use the account funds after placing an order, and the user's behavior of transferring part or all of the funds is equivalent to partial or total cancellation. To some extent, it improves the breadth and timeliness of the transaction. However, this system seems to have damaged the "power" of the existing exchanges. Whether we can persuade everyone to play together will be a difficult problem
At present, there is still a long way to go for the construction of decentralized exchange. In 3-5 years, traditional exchange will still be the main battlefield of digital currency However, in the future, it is worth looking forward to let the decentralized digital currency get rid of the shackles of centralizationbecause the connected computers are controlled by the policy settings of the router
the most important thing is to allocate your bandwidth reasonably. In theory, if you download resources from a computer in your network segment, if your router does not allocate bandwidth, it may cause the computers in the whole network segment to get stuck on the Internet
if the distribution is reasonable and the router is powerful, then 200 computers can be easily handled.
According to a foreign media report on December 13, Beijing time, the world's largest bitcoin trading market, headquartered in Hong Kong,
"these bitcoin trading markets cross national boundaries, and there may be major transactions on systems and platforms outside the United States." "Without your knowledge, your investment funds may soon flow overseas," sec chairman Clayton said on Monday. As a result, this risk may be magnified, including that market regulators, such as the SEC, may not be able to effectively track down these bad actors or recover funds. "
this warning has at least been reflected to a certain extent in the bitcoin futures market. On Tuesday, the trading volume of bitcoin futures contract on CBOE futures exchange fell sharply, which is the second day of listing of the futures
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