November 1, 2018 bitcoin

1. On November 1, 2008, a self styled Satoshi Nakamoto posted a research report on a secret cryptography discussion group. The report expounded his new idea of electronic currency bitcoin came out
on January 3, 2009, Nakamoto g up the first batch of 50 bitcoins on a small server in Helsinki, Finland
on May 21, 2010, the first bitcoin transaction: Laszlo hanyecz, a Florida programmer, bought a $25 pizza coupon with 10000 BTC
on July 16, 2010, the price of BTC rose by US $0.08 from US $0.008. The first sharp price fluctuation shows the rise of new things
on July 17, 2010, the first bitcoin platform was established
on November 6, 2010, the price on mtgox reached $0.5, and the bitcoin economy reached $1 million
on December 7, 2010, the first portable device to portable device transaction was realized on Nokia 900, with a transaction volume of 0.42btc
on February 9, 2011, the price reached US $1 for the first time, which is equivalent to US $1. The news that BTC is equivalent to us dollar has been widely reported by the media, which has aroused people's great attention, and the number of new users has increased greatly. In the next two months, bitcoin and pound sterling, Brazilian currency, Polish currency exchange trading platform has opened
on March 18, 2011, the BTC / USD exchange rate hit a seven week low, falling to US $0.7
on August 20, 2011, the first bitcoin conference and World Expo were held in New York. Among Google trend counties, bitcoin's attention reached a new high, with a price of $11 at that time
on November 14, 2011, the price of bitcoin hit a new half year low of $1.99
on September 15, 2012, the bitcoin conference was held in London. At this time, the price of bitcoin was $11.8
on September 27, 2012, bitcoin fund was founded, and the price of bitcoin was $12.46
on November 25, 2012, the first bitcoin conference in Europe was held in Prague, Czech Republic. At this time, the price of bitcoin was $12.6
on February 19, 2013, bitcoin client v8.0 was released. At this time, the price of bitcoin was $28.66
on April 10, 2013, BTC set a record high price of $110
on May 9, 2013, BTC Chinese, the largest bitcoin reporting website www.sosobtc.com The company obtained the investment fund Union Square's US $5 million round a investment, and the price of bitcoin was US $112.09 at this time< On May 28, 2013, the Department of Homeland Security banned the virtual currency service of Liberty Reserve, a Costa Rican exchange company, for its suspected xiqian and unlicensed fund transfer business, U.S. prosecutors said that this will become the largest international xiqian lawsuit in history, with the scale of absorbing money reaching 6 billion US dollars. A large number of users, including China, will lose all their money. At this time, the price of bitcoin is 128 US dollars
in June 2013, Netcom said that the United States will withdraw from qe3, deflationary bitcoin and quantitative easing monetary policy, which are the relationship between the two
on June 27, 2013, the German Conference made a decision: holding bitcoin for more than one year will be tax-free, which is considered by the instry to recognize the legal status of bitcoin. At this time, the price of bitcoin is $102.24
on June 28, 2013, mtgox obtained the monetary service license issued by the financial crime enforcement network office of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Transaction standardization may mean that bitcoin is on the right track, government risk is reced, and its pace of integration into the display economy will be accelerated. At the same time, it will play an exemplary role in other virtual currencies. At this time, the price of bitcoin is $97.99
on November 28, 2013, the bitcoin trading price of Mt. GOx, a popular bitcoin exchange, broke through $1000, reaching a record high of $1073
on November 29, 2013, the trading price of bitcoin on Mt. GOx, a popular exchange, hit a record high of US $1242, while the price of gold was US $1241.98 an ounce, surpassing that of gold for the first time.

2. The concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009[ 1] &# 160; According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity.

3.

When bitcoin first appeared in 2009, its price was less than 1 cent. One dollar could be converted into 1300 bitcoins, that is to say, seven yuan could be converted into 1300 bitcoins

on May 5, 2017, bitfinex, an overseas digital currency trading platform, quoted a price. Bitcoin once hit US $1700, about RMB 11737

extended information:

in China, some Taobao stores have also begun to accept the use of bitcoin, and businesses will graally increase

in October 2013, the first bitcoin quarterly, one bit, was released

on October 15, 2013, the network accelerator service of the network announced its support for bitcoin

on October 26, 2013, btcmini reported that GBL was hacked

on October 31, 2013, Lei Teng, a famous Internet lawyer, proposed the event of "filing a case to investigate the closure of GBL bitcoin trading platform as soon as possible", analyzed the "value function" and "use function" of bitcoin, and bitcoin should be governed by relevant laws

on December 5, 2013, notice of the Ministry of instry and information technology of the people's Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission on preventing bitcoin risk: bitcoin is a specific virtual commodity; Bitcoin trading is a kind of commodity trading on the Internet. Ordinary people have the freedom to participate in it at their own risk

on September 4, 2017, the announcement of the people's Bank of China Central Network Information Office, Ministry of instry and information technology, State Administration for Instry and commerce, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission on preventing the risk of token issuance financing: it is prohibited to engage in token issuance financing activities (ICO)

the trading platform shall not engage in the exchange business between legal tender and token, or virtual currency, or buy or sell token or virtual currency as a central counter party, or provide pricing, information intermediary and other services for token or virtual currency

on November 2, 2018, the people's Bank of China released the 12th topic of China financial stability report 2018, which talked about "encrypted assets"

4.

Bitcoin network generates a new block every ten minutes. Every time a miner completes a block, he can get a certain amount of bitcoin as a block reward, and the reward will be halved for every 210000 blocks mined. Because the time for mining each block is limited to 10 minutes, at this rate, the period for the reward to be halved is four years, that is to say, the reward for bitcoin blocks is halved every four years

when the bitcoin block reward was halved for the first time, its price rose 25 times from 300 yuan to 7995 yuan; In the second half, the price rose 28 times from 5011 yuan to 140000 yuan. So many people predict that the third halving of bitcoin in May 2020 will lead to a sharp rise in the price of bitcoin, at least 10 times. However, these figures are not so clear. After halving in 2012, bitcoin prices rose for two months, and in 2016, there was almost no immediate response to deflation for a month. This may also be the result of the strategy of "buying rumors and selling news" implemented by some speculators

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after bitcoin halved, the supply slowed down, and keeping deflation through algorithm has always been a part of bitcoin protocol design. It was set up to ensure the value of bitcoin. By recing block incentives and setting the maximum possible supply of bitcoin at 21 million bitcoins, bitcoin has an anti inflation feature, which runs counter to the tendency of central banks to print money at will. At present, there are about 17.5 million bitcoins in circulation, and less than 3.5 million bitcoins are available for mining. When the next block award halves, bitcoin's annual inflation rate will drop from the current 3.8% to about 1.8%

maintaining deflation through algorithms has always been a part of the design of bitcoin protocol. It was created to guarantee the value of bitcoin. By recing block incentives and keeping the total amount of bitcoin at 21 million bitcoins, bitcoin is endowed with an anti inflation nature, which is different from the tendency of central banks to print money at will. At present, there are about 17.5 million bitcoins in circulation and less than 3.5 million available for mining. The next block award cut in half could rece bitcoin's annual inflation rate from the current 3.8% to about 1.8%. This will be the first time in bitcoin's history that it has fallen below the historical average of about 2% - 3% growth in gold supply

5. According to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to the regulation of digital currency in China, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system. Unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of money circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity

warm tips:
1. The above explanations are for reference only, without any suggestions
2. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and clearly understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
response time: February 2, 2021. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
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6. Manual shooting skills of SLR camera
1. Take close-up pictures of small still objects, such as flowers, birds and insects:
use AV file, the aperture should be f5.6 or below, the focal length should be more than 50, and try to shoot within 1m to make the background virtual
if the light is good, ISO 100, if the light is bad, ISO should be within 400<

2. Shooting people:
basically use a large aperture (within f5.6) and a focal length of more than 50 mm. The shooting distance depends on the whole body, half body and big head, which makes the background virtual. Use AV file
good light, iso100, bad light, iso400
people in motion use tracking to reflect the sense of motion (see the shooting of moving objects below for details)<

3. Shooting:
AV file, use the appropriate aperture, above F8, the focal length is arbitrary, but generally the wide-angle end has distortion, use it as appropriate<

4. Shooting night scene:
upper tripod, AV gear, custom white balance or incandescent lamp, aperture above F8, small aperture can make the light proce starlight effect, use the reflector pre rising function to rece the vibration caused by the reflector lifting after pressing the shutter; And cover the viewfinder with the square cover on the strap to prevent stray light from entering from the back and affecting the image quality; ISO 200, as far as possible to make the exposure time longer, so that some people who have no intention to walk away from the screen disappear, leaving no traces, clean the scene
for example, when taking a square with people coming and going, you can use a very small aperture of about F20 and iso100. In this way, the exposure time will be very long, and the moving figures will not stay in the photos! The square will be clean<

5. Shooting fireworks:
using shutter line and B shutter, you can shoot multiple fireworks overlapping effect<

6. Shooting things:
when the light is good: AV, the aperture size should be handled according to the circumstances; Large depth of field can be obtained by using aperture above F8, and shallow depth of field can be obtained by using small aperture
if you want to have a very dynamic effect, you can use the TV gear, the shutter is about 1 / 30, when you focus and press the shutter, the lens will follow the object at an appropriate speed, which will proce a very dynamic effect
poor lighting: we can only handle it according to our own discretion, plus use the follow-up camera<

7. Shooting running water or fountain:
using TV and about 1 / 50 shutter speed, you can shoot Satin effect. If you use too fast shutter speed, the fountain will shoot discontinuous water drops<

8. Taking photos at night:
use tripod to adjust white balance, and automatically or custom white balance; iso100-400 AV gear, aperture about F8, use slow synchronous flash, rear curtain flash mode; At this time, the flash will flash twice, press the shutter to flash once, and flash again before the end of exposure, so don't leave before flashing twice
in this way, the characters can be clear and the background neon is beautiful, so that the background will not be too dark e to insufficient exposure< No matter what you shoot, don't shoot with the maximum aperture unless you want to keep a safe shutter
2. Please use the aperture of F8 ~ F11 as much as possible when shooting scenery
3. The maximum aperture can be reced by 1-2 levels when taking close-up of people and still life
4. The safety shutter should be controlled above the reciprocal of the focal length as far as possible. The wide-angle shutter should also be more secure at more than 1 / 30 second. If the shutter is insufficient, please increase the aperture or ISO<

metering method:
1. Don't measure the light to the sky or the darkest place. Go to the middle value
2. According to your subject matter, make good use of the metering mode (balance metering, point metering, central key metering...)
3. If the light measurement is not accurate, please use AE lock to expose and lock the gray things around you before shooting
4. Try not to measure the light on white or black objects, otherwise remember to rece eV for black and increase eV for white<

EV is exposure compensation.
exposure compensation is also an exposure control method, which is commonly used in ± If the ambient light source is dim, the exposure value (such as + 1eV, + 2eV) can be increased to highlight the clarity of the picture
most of the small digital cameras adjust the exposure compensation through the menu
in the process of shooting, if you press half of the shutter, the LCD will display pictures similar to the final effect picture, focusing and exposure will start. The exposure at this time is exactly the exposure of the final picture. If the picture is obviously bright or dark, it means that the automatic metering accuracy of the camera has a large deviation, and the exposure compensation should be enforced, but sometimes the brightness displayed ring shooting is different from the actual shooting result. Digital camera can browse the picture immediately after shooting, at this time, you can more accurately see the brightness of the picture, there will be no difference. If the shooting result is obviously bright or dark, it is necessary to re shoot and force the exposure compensation
the shooting environment is dim, and the brightness needs to be increased. When the flash cannot work, the exposure can be compensated and the exposure can be increased appropriately. For exposure compensation, if the photo is too dark, increase the EV value. Every 1.0 increase in EV value is equivalent to doubling the amount of light intake. If the photo is too bright, decrease the EV value. Every 1.0 decrease in EV value is equivalent to doubling the amount of light intake. The compensation interval can be adjusted in 1 / 2 (0.5) or 1 / 3 (0.3) units according to different cameras
when the white object to be photographed looks gray or not white enough in the photo, it is necessary to increase the exposure. In short, "the whiter the object is, the more white the object is." this seems to run counter to the basic principles and habits of exposure. In fact, it is not. This is because the main body of the camera is often the center of the light measurement, and the White main body will make the camera mistakenly think that the environment is very bright, As a result, the exposure is insufficient, which is also a common problem for most beginners
because the shutter time or aperture size of the camera is limited, it is not always able to reach the 2eV adjustment range, so the exposure compensation is not omnipotent, and it may still be underexposed in too dark environment. At this time, it is necessary to consider cooperating with the flash or increasing the ISO sensitivity of the camera to improve the brightness of the picture
generally speaking, the smaller the brightness contrast of the scene, the more accurate the exposure, otherwise, the larger the deviation. The grade of the camera is high and low. If the grade is high, the metering is more accurate, and if the grade is low, the deviation will be increased. If it is a traditional camera, the tolerance of film is relatively large, and the exposure deviation will not have a big problem within a certain range, but the CCD tolerance of digital camera is relatively small, and slight exposure deviation may affect the overall effect
in a word, the adjustment of exposure compensation is determined by experience and sensitivity to color. Users must compare the image quality, clarity, restoration degree and noise size under different exposure compensation to get the best picture

note:
the aperture in Canon's manual refers to the F value. The larger the aperture, the greater the depth of field
generally speaking, aperture refers to aperture, which is inversely proportional to F. the larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field
AV -- aperture priority auto exposure
TV -- shutter priority auto exposure
AE auto exposure
AF auto focus
AF-S -- single auto focus, the same as saf. The opposite is continuous autofocus
MAF - monitor AF, which can shorten the focusing time. The camera will adjust the focus before half pressing the shutter button, so that you can compose with the adjusted focus. When the shutter button is half pressed and AF locking is completed, the focus will be locked
ev - exposure value, which is usually used in exposure compensation
ISO sensitivity. Each difference of sensitivity is equivalent to the corresponding exposure value of aperture or shutter
brother, if you have time, go to ZhongGuanCun video forum and see the forum.

7. Hello, let me answer your question

1 this question is very important. The foreign exchange market is different from the stock market. It has no exchange and is a discrete global trading mode. The essence of the foreign exchange market is the inter-bank market, that is, the market in which the world's major banks trade with each other. Because the trading volume between them is very large, ordinary investors can not participate in it, so there is a platform business. These platform providers build a bridge between retail investors and the interbank market. When retail investors place an order, they are actually trading with the platform business, and the platform business uses the funds of retail investors to trade with the bank. So, it is the platform that provides you with margin service, and the margin will stay on the platform for the time being. As for the economic line you mentioned, it is actually a secondary agent. They are the agents of platform companies, so they charge more commissions

2 your reasoning is a little complicated, so you should try to use the common measurement standards of foreign exchange instry for calculation. Take Europe and the United States as an example, assuming that the exchange rate is 13000, we call one ten thousandth of the exchange rate 1 point. One hand contract is US $100000. Suppose our account is US $10000 and the margin is 1%. Now we buy a first-hand contract with a margin of $1000. At this time, the margin balance is $9000. If the exchange rate drops by one point, our balance will decrease by 10 US dollars. If the exchange rate drops 900 points, the margin balance becomes zero. These changes are reflected in your account, and they are all immediate
in fact, when the margin balance is close to zero, it is generally about 10 points, that is, about $100, the platform will force you to close the position, that is, the so-called burst position. At this point, you have about $1100 left in your account. In actual transactions, margin is used to prevent sudden major changes in the market price, generally will not be used. Therefore, there is no need to worry about platform providers

however, in order to win customers, the mainstream platforms often adopt more radical methods. When the margin balance is zero, they still keep the position of retail investors and start to lose margin. Take the above example as an example, the margin balance begins to turn negative. For every 1 point decline in the market, the margin decreases by $10. When the margin remains about 10 points, that is, about $100, the platform will forcibly close the position. At this time, the account balance is only about $100, which is a complete burst

I think the above answers your third question at the same time

4 if you buy Canada Japan, platform vendors actually need to use US dollars as a bridge to exchange for two times, so the gap between Canada and Japan is the sum of Canada and the United States and Japan, or even larger. However, as a retail investor, you don't have to think too much about it. It's all the work of the platform Shang Dynasty. You just need to know that if you add one day fluctuation point, 0,1 contract fluctuation is 1 / (0.01 * US Japan exchange rate) US dollars

however, it is worth mentioning that the euro / yen exchange rate in the cross section is quite special, because the trading volume is very large, it is often direct trading, and it does not need to be mediated by the US dollar, so the currency spread is relatively small on many platforms

I hope I can help you.

8. Now there are those who sell mining plug-ins. You can go to Yuanbao merchants in the district to buy Mining plug-ins. If you dig by yourself, you are too tired!

9. Generally, bitcoin trading websites without third-party supervision will deal with zombie users from time to time. If you see bitcoin in your account, there is only one possibility to confiscate it for one year without operation. Generally, if the platform accepts it, you have no way to deal with it.

10. People who know a little about mechanical watch all know that the full-automatic mechanical watch completely depends on the swing of the arm to complete the winding. Therefore, once the watch is placed for a long time or the daily arm activity does not meet the requirements of the watch winding, the watch will lead to the lack of potential energy e to winding, which will cause the watch to go unstable or stop at night when it is not worn
watch knock: because the watch is exposed most of the time in the process of wearing, it is easy to knock other hard objects when walking. If you accidentally knock or fall on the watch in daily use, it may lead to the movement gear and other parts of the watch loose, dislocation and other situations, which will also lead to the mechanical watch to stop stealthily
hairspring problem: hairspring fault is also one of the reasons for the mechanical watch to stop stealthily when it is running normally. As mentioned above, the watch stops stealthily e to insufficient activity, and if the activity is too large, the winding will become tight for a long time and cause the winding mechanism failure. It can also cause a lack of motivation
Cheng tiger Royal watch maintenance service center is located in room 05, 24 / F, sac Sichuan aviation Plaza, no.6, Renmin East Road, Jinjiang District, Cheng, Tel: 028-62780618