What is lightning bitcoin
Publish: 2021-05-05 16:17:35
1.
To be honest, I had the same problem with the subject at the beginning. When I saw the news, I was a little confused and went to search. As a result, when I searched for lightning bitcoin or lightning bitcoin, either lightning network or bitcoin came out... This name is quite poisonous
Let's get down to business. Let's draw a conclusion first. It's not a thing at allmany people have talked about what lightning network is. You can look at other people's answers to get a deeper understanding of its mechanism, or you can go to the official website with better English to see their papers directly http://lightning.network/ . Lightning bitcoin official website in Chinese, save the trouble of translation https://lbtc.io/ . The origins of the two lightning bolts are very similar. They both hope to solve the problem of bitcoin network congestion. One is to carry the protocol, and the other is to change the fork to consensus. The results of the two lightning bolts are also good. The transaction speed is greatly improved, which can be regarded as real-time. The following table directly shows the similarities and differences between the two:
as can be seen from the above, the differences between the two are relatively large, and should not be confused any more~
2. Compared with BCH and BSV, lightning bitcoin LBTC is also derived from bitcoin, and its original intention is to solve some shortcomings and defects of bitcoin itself. However, the biggest difference of LBTC is that it adopts dpos consensus mechanism instead of pow consensus mechanism. The most significant advantages of LBTC are as follows:
first, it greatly improves performance, As we all know, the number of transfers per second of bitcoin, that is, TPS, is only about 7, and other bitcoin forked coins using POW consensus mechanism are almost the same. The theoretical value of TPS of LBTC can reach 2800, and the current actual level can reach more than 1000, and the performance has been improved by several orders of magnitude. The slogan "fast as lightning" is by no means empty words. If you are interested, you can download a wallet from the official website of LBTC or Cobo to experience it
Second, it greatly reces the energy consumption and participation threshold. As we all know, the high energy consumption caused by POW mining represented by bitcoin has been criticized by the outside world. At the same time, because mining has already become a heavy asset instry, mining machinery, mining and other fields have been monopolized by a few big players, ordinary small and medium-sized investors and new manufacturers have little room to survive, It has formed a situation in which the strong are always strong. However, POS / dpos currencies only need ordinary PCs or even mobile phones to run wallets and stack, so as to obtain revenue
thirdly, it introces chain governance, which achieves a good balance between democracy and efficiency. At the same time, it encourages users to actively participate in community affairs through voting and staging mechanism. In the world of pow, power is power, simple and crude; In the world of POS, those who hold more money will have more right to speak and gain
in the world of dpos, it is not simply to see who holds more money. At the same time, it needs the extensive support of the community to exercise power on behalf of the community. At the same time, the majority of small and medium-sized users also have the opportunity to launch motions, express their demands, and participate in decision-making
because bitcoin has carried too many interests, we are very cautious about any improvement of bitcoin, and the pace is very slow, which leads to the division of the community and the proction of many forked coins. However, in fact, compared with bitcoin, the improvements made by BCH and BSV are quite limited, so the improvement in all aspects is also very limited
therefore, if you take a closer look at LBTC, you will find that it is actually a very interesting bitcoin fork coin. I think it is a very bold and imaginative experiment based on bitcoin. If lightcoin has been used as a testing ground for new technologies and new ideas for bitcoin in many cases, LBTC can be regarded as a testing ground for bitcoin with greater and more thorough changes
just mentioned, one of the biggest obstacles in the promotion and use of bitcoin is that TPS is too low to carry high-frequency transactions. Compared with bitcoin and some well-known bifurcated currencies such as BCH and BSV, the performance of LBTC is improved by several orders of magnitude, and the actual TPS can reach more than 1000
increasing TPS can rece verification time, but it will inevitably sacrifice security or decentralization. If TPS increases blindly, blockchain will completely sacrifice "decentralization". At the same time, the requirements on the miner's machine configuration will be more stringent. If it can not upload the transaction in time, it will proce more unfinished transactions, and the hidden danger will be greater. Although EOS uses 21 super nodes to achieve high efficiency, it also sacrifices some "decentralization" and security, and introces potential risks such as DDoS
in the past two years, many public chain projects blindly pursue high TPS, and often claim to have achieved tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands or even millions of TPS. In order to improve TPS, some project parties buy millions of equipment to test in a laboratory, which only plays a PR effect or amuses themselves. Such a high TPS is meaningless. Even if it can reach or close to such a number, for the current market demand, it also belongs to excess performance, which is bound to cause unnecessary waste of resources
according to the calculation of relevant research institutions, even if the public chain processes 100 million transactions every day, thousand level TPS is enough. It's worth noting that the TPS of Libra, which is to be launched by Facebook, is also around 1000. You should know that Facebook has as many as 2.7 billion users in the world, which should be determined by them after careful consideration
this means that LBTC's TPS can meet the needs of processing 100 million transactions per day, which is quite pragmatic and can fully meet the needs of global users in the next few years. Moreover, LBTC also has a high degree of scalability. With the further improvement of global Internet infrastructure, the performance of LBTC will continue to improve. It can be said that the current LBTC has found a good balance in the "Impossible Triangle" of efficiency, security and decentralization
in the view of many bitcoin fundamentalists, only the pow path chosen by Nakamoto is the only right way. POW consensus mechanism has experienced nearly 10 years of stable operation and continuous market test, and dpos has been more than 6 years since its birth. So how about doing an experiment to see what wonderful chemical reactions can be proced by combining bitcoin with dpos
if this dpos version of bitcoin can also withstand the continuous test of 10 years, will we still insist that only POW is the only right way for bitcoin? Of course, we don't have a definite answer to this question. Time will tell
although I also claim to be a believer of bitcoin, I think the existence of LBTC is very meaningful. This significance does not mean to replace bitcoin, or like some fans of other forked coins, I think that only the branch I support is the real bitcoin, but to explore more and wider possibilities in technology and form a useful supplement to bitcoin.
first, it greatly improves performance, As we all know, the number of transfers per second of bitcoin, that is, TPS, is only about 7, and other bitcoin forked coins using POW consensus mechanism are almost the same. The theoretical value of TPS of LBTC can reach 2800, and the current actual level can reach more than 1000, and the performance has been improved by several orders of magnitude. The slogan "fast as lightning" is by no means empty words. If you are interested, you can download a wallet from the official website of LBTC or Cobo to experience it
Second, it greatly reces the energy consumption and participation threshold. As we all know, the high energy consumption caused by POW mining represented by bitcoin has been criticized by the outside world. At the same time, because mining has already become a heavy asset instry, mining machinery, mining and other fields have been monopolized by a few big players, ordinary small and medium-sized investors and new manufacturers have little room to survive, It has formed a situation in which the strong are always strong. However, POS / dpos currencies only need ordinary PCs or even mobile phones to run wallets and stack, so as to obtain revenue
thirdly, it introces chain governance, which achieves a good balance between democracy and efficiency. At the same time, it encourages users to actively participate in community affairs through voting and staging mechanism. In the world of pow, power is power, simple and crude; In the world of POS, those who hold more money will have more right to speak and gain
in the world of dpos, it is not simply to see who holds more money. At the same time, it needs the extensive support of the community to exercise power on behalf of the community. At the same time, the majority of small and medium-sized users also have the opportunity to launch motions, express their demands, and participate in decision-making
because bitcoin has carried too many interests, we are very cautious about any improvement of bitcoin, and the pace is very slow, which leads to the division of the community and the proction of many forked coins. However, in fact, compared with bitcoin, the improvements made by BCH and BSV are quite limited, so the improvement in all aspects is also very limited
therefore, if you take a closer look at LBTC, you will find that it is actually a very interesting bitcoin fork coin. I think it is a very bold and imaginative experiment based on bitcoin. If lightcoin has been used as a testing ground for new technologies and new ideas for bitcoin in many cases, LBTC can be regarded as a testing ground for bitcoin with greater and more thorough changes
just mentioned, one of the biggest obstacles in the promotion and use of bitcoin is that TPS is too low to carry high-frequency transactions. Compared with bitcoin and some well-known bifurcated currencies such as BCH and BSV, the performance of LBTC is improved by several orders of magnitude, and the actual TPS can reach more than 1000
increasing TPS can rece verification time, but it will inevitably sacrifice security or decentralization. If TPS increases blindly, blockchain will completely sacrifice "decentralization". At the same time, the requirements on the miner's machine configuration will be more stringent. If it can not upload the transaction in time, it will proce more unfinished transactions, and the hidden danger will be greater. Although EOS uses 21 super nodes to achieve high efficiency, it also sacrifices some "decentralization" and security, and introces potential risks such as DDoS
in the past two years, many public chain projects blindly pursue high TPS, and often claim to have achieved tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands or even millions of TPS. In order to improve TPS, some project parties buy millions of equipment to test in a laboratory, which only plays a PR effect or amuses themselves. Such a high TPS is meaningless. Even if it can reach or close to such a number, for the current market demand, it also belongs to excess performance, which is bound to cause unnecessary waste of resources
according to the calculation of relevant research institutions, even if the public chain processes 100 million transactions every day, thousand level TPS is enough. It's worth noting that the TPS of Libra, which is to be launched by Facebook, is also around 1000. You should know that Facebook has as many as 2.7 billion users in the world, which should be determined by them after careful consideration
this means that LBTC's TPS can meet the needs of processing 100 million transactions per day, which is quite pragmatic and can fully meet the needs of global users in the next few years. Moreover, LBTC also has a high degree of scalability. With the further improvement of global Internet infrastructure, the performance of LBTC will continue to improve. It can be said that the current LBTC has found a good balance in the "Impossible Triangle" of efficiency, security and decentralization
in the view of many bitcoin fundamentalists, only the pow path chosen by Nakamoto is the only right way. POW consensus mechanism has experienced nearly 10 years of stable operation and continuous market test, and dpos has been more than 6 years since its birth. So how about doing an experiment to see what wonderful chemical reactions can be proced by combining bitcoin with dpos
if this dpos version of bitcoin can also withstand the continuous test of 10 years, will we still insist that only POW is the only right way for bitcoin? Of course, we don't have a definite answer to this question. Time will tell
although I also claim to be a believer of bitcoin, I think the existence of LBTC is very meaningful. This significance does not mean to replace bitcoin, or like some fans of other forked coins, I think that only the branch I support is the real bitcoin, but to explore more and wider possibilities in technology and form a useful supplement to bitcoin.
3.
Spssau can be used to generate simple slope map directly
The operation methods are as follows:1
4. Gold is negatively correlated with the US dollar
based on my long-term experience in analyzing and guiding the market of gold, silver and crude oil, the international price of gold is denominated in US dollars, so it is affected by the fluctuation of US dollar price. The rise and fall of the US dollar will directly affect the change of international gold supply and demand, thus leading to the change of gold price
in terms of demand, gold is priced in US dollars. When the US dollar rises or falls, it will lead to changes in the purchase amount of gold with the same value in other currencies, thus inhibiting or stimulating demand. As a result, the price of gold will also change
from the perspective of currency, both of them are hard currency. When risk environment and risk events stimulate risk aversion, they will promote their purchase intention& quot; When it comes to buying gold in troubled times, they often have a positive correlation
crude oil and US dollar are also negatively correlated
similarly, the international pricing of crude oil is also in US dollars, and the fluctuation of US dollar exchange rate will also affect crude oil as mentioned above< However, crude oil is a necessity. The United States has a large number of crude oil export channels, and crude oil plays an important role in instrial development. When the dollar rises or falls, it also determines the supply. In order to control the domestic circulation of funds. Therefore, there is a negative correlation between them
crude oil and gold. In principle, it doesn't matter
however, both of them are influenced by the US dollar, so in most cases, they are listed as positively correlated
most of the time, they go their separate ways and are usually in a risk aversion mood
based on my long-term experience in analyzing and guiding the market of gold, silver and crude oil, the international price of gold is denominated in US dollars, so it is affected by the fluctuation of US dollar price. The rise and fall of the US dollar will directly affect the change of international gold supply and demand, thus leading to the change of gold price
in terms of demand, gold is priced in US dollars. When the US dollar rises or falls, it will lead to changes in the purchase amount of gold with the same value in other currencies, thus inhibiting or stimulating demand. As a result, the price of gold will also change
from the perspective of currency, both of them are hard currency. When risk environment and risk events stimulate risk aversion, they will promote their purchase intention& quot; When it comes to buying gold in troubled times, they often have a positive correlation
crude oil and US dollar are also negatively correlated
similarly, the international pricing of crude oil is also in US dollars, and the fluctuation of US dollar exchange rate will also affect crude oil as mentioned above< However, crude oil is a necessity. The United States has a large number of crude oil export channels, and crude oil plays an important role in instrial development. When the dollar rises or falls, it also determines the supply. In order to control the domestic circulation of funds. Therefore, there is a negative correlation between them
crude oil and gold. In principle, it doesn't matter
however, both of them are influenced by the US dollar, so in most cases, they are listed as positively correlated
most of the time, they go their separate ways and are usually in a risk aversion mood
5. First of all, the conclusion is that it is worth having, and it is definitely worth having. LBTC is a good project with technological innovation, solid team and strong investor lineup
technological innovation
LBTC code comes from bitcoin. On October 31, 2008, a cryptography expert (or maybe a group of people) named "Nakamoto Tsung" published a white paper entitled "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system" on the Internet. This white paper describes a revolutionary technology to users, creating the world's first real, peer-to-peer and decentralized monetary system<
in the past three months, that is, Beijing time on January 3, 2009, the author of the white paper "Nakamoto Tsung" personally created the first block, namely the genesis block of bitcoin, on a small server in Helsinki, Finland, and won the first reward of 50 bitcoins, so the first bitcoin came out
at present, bitcoin has been running successfully for more than ten years. During the past ten years, bitcoin has never been down, loopholes have appeared, and it has been running stably. However, the databases of Amazon cloud, Alibaba cloud and other giants even have loopholes every once in a while
from another aspect, we can see the technical strength of bitcoin. Many projects are directly or indirectly developed from bitcoin, including "digital silver" Wright coin, bitcash, BSV, Monroe coin, dascoin, Comodo coin, domain name coin, crow coin, etc
the technological innovation of LBTC itself is dpos + utxo consensus mechanism. LBTC builds the framework of empire with the planning of governance on the chain, while gateway protocol, decentralized exchange and smart contract are the flesh and blood of superstructure. LBTC uses DEX of cross chain atomic technology to realize multi currency conversion and transaction. For cross chain platform, the implementation of cross chain technology also needs extensible blockchain. LBTC based on dpos consensus mechanism meets the demand of cross chain technology for scalability, and has enough space in technology to build the infrastructure for developing atomic exchange.
technological innovation
LBTC code comes from bitcoin. On October 31, 2008, a cryptography expert (or maybe a group of people) named "Nakamoto Tsung" published a white paper entitled "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system" on the Internet. This white paper describes a revolutionary technology to users, creating the world's first real, peer-to-peer and decentralized monetary system<
in the past three months, that is, Beijing time on January 3, 2009, the author of the white paper "Nakamoto Tsung" personally created the first block, namely the genesis block of bitcoin, on a small server in Helsinki, Finland, and won the first reward of 50 bitcoins, so the first bitcoin came out
at present, bitcoin has been running successfully for more than ten years. During the past ten years, bitcoin has never been down, loopholes have appeared, and it has been running stably. However, the databases of Amazon cloud, Alibaba cloud and other giants even have loopholes every once in a while
from another aspect, we can see the technical strength of bitcoin. Many projects are directly or indirectly developed from bitcoin, including "digital silver" Wright coin, bitcash, BSV, Monroe coin, dascoin, Comodo coin, domain name coin, crow coin, etc
the technological innovation of LBTC itself is dpos + utxo consensus mechanism. LBTC builds the framework of empire with the planning of governance on the chain, while gateway protocol, decentralized exchange and smart contract are the flesh and blood of superstructure. LBTC uses DEX of cross chain atomic technology to realize multi currency conversion and transaction. For cross chain platform, the implementation of cross chain technology also needs extensible blockchain. LBTC based on dpos consensus mechanism meets the demand of cross chain technology for scalability, and has enough space in technology to build the infrastructure for developing atomic exchange.
6. Lightning network is just a simple double entry bookkeeping system, which is built on the three form bookkeeping system of bitcoin. Double entry bookkeeping is fast, and there is no need to worry about the bottleneck of throughput, because only the two sides of the transaction record their transactions, they do not need to pass their transaction records to everyone. But this double entry bookkeeping system relies on and is supported by the triple entry bookkeeping system. You can get the throughput of double entry bookkeeping and the security and no intermediary trust of triple entry bookkeeping at the same time
the working principle of lightning network is to create an interweaved network composed of two payment channels. Basically, it's a trade between two people. However, by creating a network in which all channels are interconnected, you can route payments through multiple channels. If you want to send payment to anyone in the network, you can credit the account directly connected with yourself (deposit money to the account) in your Lightning network channel, and then the account can credit the account connected with yourself (the amount is the same, so there is no actual change in value). This process continues, Until you pass it on to the participant you actually want to trade, he will receive the money
therefore, technically, you are only trading with an account directly associated with the payment channel where your funds were originally sent. So, every routing connection between you and the ultimate payee is made up of two participants who simply trade with each other, each of whom accounts for each other - a series of double entry paths. Lightning network is a network composed of double entry accounting channels of two participants, so there is no bottleneck in transaction throughput.
the working principle of lightning network is to create an interweaved network composed of two payment channels. Basically, it's a trade between two people. However, by creating a network in which all channels are interconnected, you can route payments through multiple channels. If you want to send payment to anyone in the network, you can credit the account directly connected with yourself (deposit money to the account) in your Lightning network channel, and then the account can credit the account connected with yourself (the amount is the same, so there is no actual change in value). This process continues, Until you pass it on to the participant you actually want to trade, he will receive the money
therefore, technically, you are only trading with an account directly associated with the payment channel where your funds were originally sent. So, every routing connection between you and the ultimate payee is made up of two participants who simply trade with each other, each of whom accounts for each other - a series of double entry paths. Lightning network is a network composed of double entry accounting channels of two participants, so there is no bottleneck in transaction throughput.
7. Unknown_Error
8. Usually such a tool is not poisonous, but this way is not allowed by security software! That's why it's reported. Will Microsoft allow users to activate the system illegally and remain indifferent?
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