1070 computing power bitcoin

1.

at present, the computing power of bitcoin in the whole network has reached 2.36 billion hash collisions per second, which is equivalent to the number of water droplets in more than 200000 50 meter long standard swimming pools. But even with such a large amount of computing power, it will take about 10 minutes to hit a hash value that meets the requirements

in 2012, bitcoin's output was halved for the first time, and in July 2016, bitcoin's output was halved for the second time. At present, 12.5 bitcoins are awarded for recording one page of account book. The next halving will take place around 2020, and the total number of bitcoins will not increase by 2040, with a total of 21 million. In other words, the difficulty of digging bitcoin is increasing, while the time required is increasing

2.

21.5 * 3600 seconds * 24 hours = 1857600 M / day
1857600 / 1024 / 1024 = 1.7715 T / day
a t of computing power / day can dig bitcoin worth 4.03 yuan
1.7715 * 4.03 = 7.14 yuan / day

since 2017, bitcoin has reached new heights. Yesterday (May 23), the value of bitcoin broke through the ￥ 16000 mark, hyping virtual currency, becoming a matter that the general public can participate in, And a little bit of technical level, both fried money, but also began to have the technical content of mining

as we all know, virtual currency has a numerical peak, the more difficult it is to dig. In fact, it's hard to judge whether to lose money or not if we continue to dig. Therefore, in the end how to dig, dig what can be the fastest back to this, this paper studies the above two core issues based on the current market situation

3.

When bitcoin first appeared in 2009, its price was less than 1 cent. One dollar could be converted into 1300 bitcoins, that is to say, seven yuan could be converted into 1300 bitcoins

on May 5, 2017, bitfinex, an overseas digital currency trading platform, quoted a price. Bitcoin once hit US $1700, about RMB 11737

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in China, some Taobao stores have also begun to accept the use of bitcoin, and businesses will graally increase

in October 2013, the first bitcoin quarterly, one bit, was released

on October 15, 2013, the network accelerator service of the network announced its support for bitcoin

on October 26, 2013, btcmini reported that GBL was hacked

on October 31, 2013, Lei Teng, a famous Internet lawyer, proposed the event of "filing a case to investigate the closure of GBL bitcoin trading platform as soon as possible", analyzed the "value function" and "use function" of bitcoin, and bitcoin should be governed by relevant laws

on December 5, 2013, notice of the Ministry of instry and information technology of the people's Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission on preventing bitcoin risk: bitcoin is a specific virtual commodity; Bitcoin trading is a kind of commodity trading on the Internet. Ordinary people have the freedom to participate in it at their own risk

on September 4, 2017, the announcement of the people's Bank of China Central Network Information Office, Ministry of instry and information technology, State Administration for Instry and commerce, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission on preventing the risk of token issuance financing: it is prohibited to engage in token issuance financing activities (ICO)

the trading platform shall not engage in the exchange business between legal tender and token, or virtual currency, or buy or sell token or virtual currency as a central counter party, or provide pricing, information intermediary and other services for token or virtual currency

on November 2, 2018, the people's Bank of China released the 12th topic of China financial stability report 2018, which talked about "encrypted assets"

4.

It's about 37 yuan

let me first introce the reward mechanism of bitcoin system

bitcoin can basically dig out a block every 10 minutes through system settings. The reward for each block is given to the miners who dig out the block. The miner who digs out the block is called the block miner. The block miner will record the legal transactions in the bitcoin network to the blockchain, so that the miner can receive the service charge for bookkeeping

there are two parts in the reward for the block Miner: one part is the reward given by the system, which is called coinbase reward (also known as system issuance reward), the other part is the reward for bookkeeping, which is called miner's fee. The coinbase reward started with 50 bitcoins. For every integral multiple of 210000 blocks, the coinbase reward will be halved. This is what we often hear about bitcoin mining reward halved in four years

at the present stage, the reward of coinbase is 12.5 bitcoins. At the present stage, the average transaction miner fee received by miners for digging out a block is about 0.1 bitcoin (not fixed), that is to say, the average reward received by miners for digging out a block is about 12.6 bitcoin

about 99% of miners' rewards come from the system's coinbase rewards. According to the bitcoin system, one block can be g out every 10 minutes on average. The number of new blocks that can be g out in one day is 144 (60 * 24 / 10 = 144). At present, the number of bitcoins that can be g out every day is 1800btc (144 * 12.5btc = 1800btc). With the miner's fee of about 0.1btc per block, the total reward for all miners in one day is about 1814.4btc

5. Bitcoin was acquired by CPU in the early days, e to different working methods. CPU is mainly to do full-function operation, the number of core is small, and the operation ability is limited (GPU is a very large number of operation core for special operation). With the advantages of GPU general computing and the continuous development of GPU speed, miners graally began to use GPU instead of CPU for mining. Bitcoin mining uses SHA-256 hash operation, which will carry out a large number of 32-bit integer cyclic right shift operation. Interestingly, this algorithm operation can be implemented by a single hardware instruction in AMD GPU, while it needs three hardware instructions to simulate in NVIDIA GPU. This one alone brings an additional 1.7 times of computing efficiency advantage for AMD GPU. With this advantage, amd GPU is favored by the majority of miners. At present, it has left GPU computing. At present, miners have begun to widely use integrated circuit (ASIC) mining machine. Although this kind of mining machine can only be used to dig bitcoin, other currencies can not be used yet, but a single mining machine can reach the level of megabytes, especially loved by mine owners in Sichuan, Guizhou and other regions. Tens of thousands of professional mining machines are in full swing, and retail investors are unlikely to get bitcoin in the face of such powerful computing power.

6. The use of high-end amd graphics card, but the era of graphics card mining has come to an end, has entered the era of ASIC mining. Now, bitcoin can't be found with graphics card, because the computing power is growing too fast, and the difficulty of mining has exceeded 40p. At present, even the professional ASIC mining machine is difficult to profit, because the chip update speed is too fast. The first generation ASIC miner's chip basically adopts 130nm process, the second generation adopts 55nm process, and the third generation adopts 28nm process. But at present, there are not many 28nm mining machines, and most manufacturers just regard it as a slogan, and the high performance of the chip does not represent the overall high performance of the mining machine. Avalon delivered the world's first ASIC miner. The computing power of the second generation chips once accounted for one third of the total network computing power. At present, the third generation chips have been released.

7. ICOS (initial coin offers) is a popular way to invest in cryptocurrency projects. Usually, some new cryptocurrency projects will sell some platform tokens through ICO, and the early holders and lovers of these tokens can exchange the tokens for money one day. ICOS is the best way for cryptocurrency project founders to raise funds for platform operation. Most ICOS raise funds in the form of bitcoin or its competitors

ICO is usually launched before the completion of the project. The funds raised are used for the development work of the founding team to help the project release smoothly. For some large projects, some of the funds obtained in ICO will be taken over by the foundation to support the continuous development of the project. ICO represents the initial allocation mode of cryptocurrency token, which is common in POS consensus algorithm

ICO participants contribute to the success of the project. They can help promote, build larger communities, and get more people to know about the new project. At the same time, they can provide early liquidity for tokens. Of course, ICO participants are driven by potential benefits. They expect the token price to be higher than that ring the ICO period after the project is released.

8.

1. Every 10 minutes, the miners of the whole network work out an arithmetic problem together. Whoever works out the answer first is equivalent to digging into this block, and the miner will get the bitcoin reward of the new generation of the system

First of all, miner, bitcoin address and mining software should be prepared. But at present, bitcoin network has too much computing power

It is also difficult to dig out the block with a small amount of mining machines purchased by indivials. Many miners join the mine to dig together. The mine is only responsible for calculation, and the mine is responsible for information packaging

take a look at this: Web links

9. How to break the inherent defect mode when opening a nutritious breakfast shop? This requires operators to improve their procts, methods and environment. The following winning skills can be used for reference< According to statistics, of the 21000 catering outlets in the city, there are only about 3000 outlets operating breakfast, with few truly reassuring and distinctive breakfast outlets. Since some low-end restaurants and street market stalls are the main force in providing breakfast in our city, we should give priority to the hygienic conditions and dining environment that consumers attach most importance to
therefore, if the economic capacity permits, the facilities should not be simple and crude, and should meet the food hygiene standards. Convenient, fast, healthy and high-quality breakfast is the most expected< Second, pay attention to the diversification of characteristics
according to the reporter's investigation and interview, there are few varieties and colors of breakfast in our city, so it is difficult for diners to choose according to their own taste. Almost all kinds of "juice, fruit, bean curd, steamed stuffed bun, porridge, fried cake" have remained unchanged for decades. Due to monotonous operation, lack of innovation and proper variety adjustment, it can not meet the public's requirements for diversified breakfast varieties and different tastes. Therefore, it is the most important task for operators to develop new breakfast varieties with health, nutrition and hygiene< Some famous traditional breakfast shops can be renovated in time, and the dining environment can be comprehensively transformed to absorb the operation mode of Western fast food. After the transformation, the shops have advanced facilities and will attract more customers with a new look. In addition, we should constantly innovate in business varieties and service opportunities. Only with standardized operation and management, comfortable environment, reasonable price and considerate service can we win the favor of the public< Fourthly, chain operation should give full play to its advantages.
it is very beneficial to actively introce advanced new business forms and promote chain operation of breakfast market for expanding the scale of breakfast market, improving the organization degree of breakfast market, recing proction costs, forming scale effect and improving the circulation speed of breakfast food. It can give full play to the advantages of chain operation in organization mode and management, widely use advanced proction equipment and technology, actively develop new varieties of modern breakfast, improve service level, and speed up the construction of modern breakfast supply system< Five, the use of modern network technology
conditional breakfast business enterprises should make full use of modern technology, through the efficient and smooth information network, release the information of variety, service price and service mode, and carry out the service of telephone ordering and home delivery to meet the personalized consumption demand
comments: To sum up the skills of operating breakfast shop mentioned above is a close-up of my friends' experience in opening breakfast shop for many years. I hope it will be helpful to you