Application principle of bitcoin
centralized account book (bank)
the bank is a centralized account book, which is stored in the bank's central database, and it says:
Zhang San's a account balance is 3000 yuan, The balance of Li Si's B account is 2000 yuan...
when Zhang San wants to transfer 1000 yuan to Li Si's B account through a account:
Zhang San goes to the bank and submits the transfer request to the bank
the bank confirms Zhang San's identity through bank card password and checks whether Zhang San's a account has enough balance
after passing the check, The bank adds a transfer record: account number a transfers 1000 yuan to account number B,
and modifies the balance: account number a balance = 3000-1000 = 2000 yuan, account number B balance = 2000 + 1000 = 3000 yuan
decentralized account book
suppose there is such a small village where people do not rely on the bank, but use the account book to record who has how much money, Everyone's account book says:
Zhang San's a account balance is 3000 yuan, Li Si's B account balance is 2000 yuan...
when Zhang San wants to transfer 1000 yuan to Li Si's B account through a account,
Zhang San roars: attention, I transfer 1000 yuan to Li Si's B account with a account
the villagers near Zhang San listen to Zhang San's voice and check whether Zhang San's a account has enough balance
after passing the inspection, the villagers write on their account books: account a transfers 1000 yuan to account B
and modify the balance: account a balance = 3000-1000 = 2000 yuan, account B balance = 2000 + 1000 = 3000 yuan
the villagers near Zhang San tell the distant villagers about the transfer until everyone knows about the transfer, so as to ensure the consistency of everyone's account book
decentralized account book (bitcoin)
bitcoin users run bitcoin client software on the computer, such a computer is called a node
a large number of node computers connect with each other to form a peer-to-peer network like spider web
when Zhang San wants to transfer 1 bitcoin to Li Si's B account through a account,
Zhang San broadcast the transfer transaction requirements to the surrounding nodes: a account transfers 1 bitcoin to B account, and signs with the private key of a account
(the private key of account a can be simply understood as the password of account a, and the bitcoin on account a can be used as long as the private key of account a is known)
the nodes around Zhang San check the authenticity of the transaction signature through the public key of account a, and check whether Zhang San's account a has enough balance
after the check, the node writes to its own account book: account a transfers 1 bitcoin to account B,
and modify the balance: a account balance = 3 bitcoin - 1 bitcoin = 2 bitcoin, B account balance = 2 bitcoin + 1 bitcoin = 3 bitcoin
the node broadcasts the transaction to the surrounding nodes and transmits it to all the nodes until all the nodes receive the transaction
bitcoin's decentralized public ledger is called blockchain. This is the simplest description of the operation of bitcoin. Of course, the actual operation of bitcoin is far more complex than this. We will explain it further in the future.
the principle of bitcoin mining is to implement rules made by people and automatically executed by computers
Satoshi Nakamoto, the inventor of bitcoin, has stipulated this rule from the very beginning, and those who participate in bitcoin blockchain must automatically abide by it unconditionally
The content ofrules is generally ,
people who pack the circulation data of bitcoin, arrange it into a fixed size, and then upload it to the blockchain for bitcoin whole network synchronous broadcasting can get 50 bitcoins rewarded by the system
under certain conditions, these rewards will be halved, about once every four years
so how to complete the data packing
the person who wants to complete this action must first have the necessary tools, that is, the software to execute the bitcoin blockchain, and the machine (computer at the beginning) to run the software; Then download and save all the bitcoin transaction data that have been recognized by the whole network. At this time, you become a "node" and a part of protecting the blockchain data
Thenode can only get the priority of the packaged data after running a specific mathematical formula and getting the correct answer. The system will automatically give the reward to the node who gets the priority, who completes the packaging first and then uploads it to the blockchain, and receives and approves it from other nodes
if there is bitcoin service charge in the packaged transaction, the service charge belongs to the node
people think that the process of calculating the mathematical formula and then completing the package to get the reward is just like fishing for gold in the river. It is necessary to discard many wrong answers in order to find the right key to get gold, so people compare this process to mining
so bitcoin mining is not really to dig something, or to use computers to constantly collide and guess. Whoever guesses first wins the reward, that's all
the content of this article comes from: financial code of the people's Republic of China: application edition, China Law Press
Bitcoin mining is a process of using computer hardware to do mathematical calculation for bitcoin network to confirm transactions and improve security
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation.
blockchain is a technology, and the financial procts grafted on it are digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin, Ethereum, etc. To be polite, blockchain oil futures trading should be a gimmick. To be polite, it's a liar.
elliptic curve digital signature algorithm is mainly used in the generation process of bitcoin public key and private key, which is the cornerstone of bitcoin system. SHA-256 hash algorithm is mainly used in the workload proof mechanism of bitcoin
the principle of bitcoin generation is the special solution generated by complex operation, and mining is the process of finding the special solution. However, the total number of bitcoin is only 21 million, and with the continuous mining of bitcoin, the more difficult it will be to proce bitcoin, and the cost of acquiring bitcoin may be higher than the price of bitcoin itself
the bitcoin block consists of a block header and the transaction list contained in the block. The size of the block header is 80 bytes, which is composed of 4-byte version number, 32 byte hash value of the previous block, 32 byte Merkle root hash, 4-byte timestamp (current time), 4-byte current difficulty value and 4-byte random number. A block header with a fixed length of 80 bytes is the input string used to prove the workload of bitcoin. Constantly change the random number in the block header, that is, the value of nonce, and do double sha256 operation on the block header after each change, and compare the result value with the target value of the current network. If it is less than the target value, the problem is solved successfully, and the workload is proved to be complete
the essence of bitcoin is actually the unique solution of a set of equations generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. Bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency in the world, which has no specific distribution center. The network of bitcoin is composed of all users, because there is no center to ensure the security of data.
1. I now have a 100 yuan personal name coin in my hand Bitcoin)
2.. Who cares about the official account? But you need to guess the number of the money in the comments Mining, random filling, numerical solution)
try your best to guess, and you get 100 yuan in full - personal mining
pay money to gather some people to guess together - mining field
gather people you don't know to guess together, and allocate the 100 yuan in proportion through the number of guesses -
the above is a simple example of analogy, of course, You followed and guessed the number of 100 yuan in my pocket, I promise you. So what's going on with bitcoin mining
Author: leaf