Can bitcoin arrive without paying miners' fees
Publish: 2021-04-07 11:20:22
1. The transaction cost of bitcoin is generally between 0.0001-0.0005btc. Of course, the amount accepted by each miner and miner's Association is different. Sometimes, a large amount of bitcoin transaction does not need a service charge, such as more than 100btc. Small transactions below 0.01btc will be charged a certain amount of fees. Of course, some bitcoin clients can set bitcoin transaction fee. If you set the transaction fee very low, the transaction confirmation time will be very long
first of all, we should understand that this service charge is given to miners to encourage them to continue mining and provide enough computing power for bitcoin, so as to ensure the security of bitcoin network. At present, the main income of miners is to get BTC reward by creating new blocks, but the reward is halved every four years. As time goes on, bitcoin transaction fee will graally replace bitcoin reward
under what circumstances should the handling charge be paid? What's the amount
bitcoin system has a series of network rules, including the handling charge rules, which are "what the client should do". When you use bitcoin client (wallet, bitcoin QT) to send bitcoin, the whole process is roughly divided into the following steps:
1. Prepare the bitcoin you want to send
the client is responsible for collecting the balance of bitcoin in your wallet (bitcoin QT) to prepare for payment, Because every bitcoin you receive is in your wallet until you spend it
if you withdraw 3btc and 2btc twice in okcoin bitcoin, their records in your wallet are independent, that is, a 3btc and a 2btc, instead of merging them into 5btc (the wallet only records transaction details, but does not merge the balance, but you can see the total balance on the interface of the wallet), As time goes on, you will accumulate a lot of bitcoin in your wallet. It is conceivable that there should be thousands of such records in okcoin bitcoin wallet. So when you send bitcoin, the wallet must decide which of the above records are most suitable for this sending
the bitcoin you get in a transaction is called "inputs" and the bitcoin you spend is called "outputs". There are multiple inputs and outputs in your wallet
2. Prevent a large number of micro payments from impacting the network
if you recharge the okcoin bitcoin trading platform less than 0.01btc (including the fund changes inside your wallet), you must pay a handling charge of 0.0001. When preparing your payment amount, the wallet has an established rule, that is, when preparing the payment amount in many inputs, try to avoid the amount change less than 0.01btc (for example, if you want to recharge 5.005btc to okcoin bitcoin, the wallet should choose 3 + 2.005 or 1 + 1 + 3.005 instead of 5 + 0.005)
3. The larger the amount, the higher the age of the currency, the higher the priority
if the amount you send is too small or your bitcoin has just been mined, then your transfer is no longer free. Each transaction will be assigned a priority, which is determined by the degree of currency, the number of bytes and the number of transactions. Specifically, for each input, the client will first multiply the number of bitcoins by the time they exist in the block (currency age, age), and then divide all the procts by the size of the transaction (in bytes). The calculation formula is: priority = sum (input)_ value_ in_ base_ units * input_ age)/size_ in_ If the calculation result is less than 0.576, then the transaction must pay the handling fee. This is why you need to add a 0.0001 when you withdraw with okcoin bitcoin, because the bitcoin transfer in okcoin wallet is frequent, and the time of bitcoin in the block is relatively short, so you need to pay a handling charge. If you do have a large number of small inputs, such as small miners, and want to transfer them out for free, you can add a large amount of bitcoin with a large currency age, and the average priority will be increased, so that bitcoin can be transferred out for free
4. Charge per kilobyte
at the end of the transfer, the client calculates the size of the transfer (in bytes), which generally depends on the amount of input and output. The calculation formula is as follows: 148 × Input amount + 34 × Output amount + 10. If the size of the transfer exceeds 10000 bytes, but the priority meets the free standard, you can still enjoy the free transfer, otherwise you need to pay the handling charge. The cost per 1000 bytes is 0.0001btc by default, but you can also add it in the client by opening the tab "settings & gt; Options & gt; The main purpose is to adjust the handling charge. If the service charge you are setting is less than 0.0001, BTC is calculated as 0.0001. When this rule applies, it will replace the rule in step 2 instead of accumulating.
first of all, we should understand that this service charge is given to miners to encourage them to continue mining and provide enough computing power for bitcoin, so as to ensure the security of bitcoin network. At present, the main income of miners is to get BTC reward by creating new blocks, but the reward is halved every four years. As time goes on, bitcoin transaction fee will graally replace bitcoin reward
under what circumstances should the handling charge be paid? What's the amount
bitcoin system has a series of network rules, including the handling charge rules, which are "what the client should do". When you use bitcoin client (wallet, bitcoin QT) to send bitcoin, the whole process is roughly divided into the following steps:
1. Prepare the bitcoin you want to send
the client is responsible for collecting the balance of bitcoin in your wallet (bitcoin QT) to prepare for payment, Because every bitcoin you receive is in your wallet until you spend it
if you withdraw 3btc and 2btc twice in okcoin bitcoin, their records in your wallet are independent, that is, a 3btc and a 2btc, instead of merging them into 5btc (the wallet only records transaction details, but does not merge the balance, but you can see the total balance on the interface of the wallet), As time goes on, you will accumulate a lot of bitcoin in your wallet. It is conceivable that there should be thousands of such records in okcoin bitcoin wallet. So when you send bitcoin, the wallet must decide which of the above records are most suitable for this sending
the bitcoin you get in a transaction is called "inputs" and the bitcoin you spend is called "outputs". There are multiple inputs and outputs in your wallet
2. Prevent a large number of micro payments from impacting the network
if you recharge the okcoin bitcoin trading platform less than 0.01btc (including the fund changes inside your wallet), you must pay a handling charge of 0.0001. When preparing your payment amount, the wallet has an established rule, that is, when preparing the payment amount in many inputs, try to avoid the amount change less than 0.01btc (for example, if you want to recharge 5.005btc to okcoin bitcoin, the wallet should choose 3 + 2.005 or 1 + 1 + 3.005 instead of 5 + 0.005)
3. The larger the amount, the higher the age of the currency, the higher the priority
if the amount you send is too small or your bitcoin has just been mined, then your transfer is no longer free. Each transaction will be assigned a priority, which is determined by the degree of currency, the number of bytes and the number of transactions. Specifically, for each input, the client will first multiply the number of bitcoins by the time they exist in the block (currency age, age), and then divide all the procts by the size of the transaction (in bytes). The calculation formula is: priority = sum (input)_ value_ in_ base_ units * input_ age)/size_ in_ If the calculation result is less than 0.576, then the transaction must pay the handling fee. This is why you need to add a 0.0001 when you withdraw with okcoin bitcoin, because the bitcoin transfer in okcoin wallet is frequent, and the time of bitcoin in the block is relatively short, so you need to pay a handling charge. If you do have a large number of small inputs, such as small miners, and want to transfer them out for free, you can add a large amount of bitcoin with a large currency age, and the average priority will be increased, so that bitcoin can be transferred out for free
4. Charge per kilobyte
at the end of the transfer, the client calculates the size of the transfer (in bytes), which generally depends on the amount of input and output. The calculation formula is as follows: 148 × Input amount + 34 × Output amount + 10. If the size of the transfer exceeds 10000 bytes, but the priority meets the free standard, you can still enjoy the free transfer, otherwise you need to pay the handling charge. The cost per 1000 bytes is 0.0001btc by default, but you can also add it in the client by opening the tab "settings & gt; Options & gt; The main purpose is to adjust the handling charge. If the service charge you are setting is less than 0.0001, BTC is calculated as 0.0001. When this rule applies, it will replace the rule in step 2 instead of accumulating.
2. Bitcoin transfer fee is a fee paid by traders to miners, which is used to encourage miners to compete for bookkeeping and provide enough computing power for bitcoin, so as to ensure the security of bitcoin network. In some places, it is also called miners' fee
when users initiate a transfer in bitcoin network, they usually need to pay a certain transfer fee to the bookkeeper. The transfer service charge is generally 0.001-0.0015 bitcoins. Due to the limited capacity of the block to hold transaction records, miners will give priority to the transaction with high service charge, so the overpaid service charge can be recorded faster
the existence of bitcoin transaction fees can improve the transfer threshold, effectively prevent the blockchain from being full of junk information, and ensure that the miners still have the motivation to maintain the bitcoin network after bitcoin is g up.
when users initiate a transfer in bitcoin network, they usually need to pay a certain transfer fee to the bookkeeper. The transfer service charge is generally 0.001-0.0015 bitcoins. Due to the limited capacity of the block to hold transaction records, miners will give priority to the transaction with high service charge, so the overpaid service charge can be recorded faster
the existence of bitcoin transaction fees can improve the transfer threshold, effectively prevent the blockchain from being full of junk information, and ensure that the miners still have the motivation to maintain the bitcoin network after bitcoin is g up.
3. Transfer steps:
1. After confirming that the passbook account number and account name provided by the payee are correct, take the cash to the bank and deposit it directly into the payee's account number
2. You can open an account in the bank, then fill in a telegraphic transfer form, fill in the opposite party's collection account number, account name, and bank name, and remit money from the account to the payee
3. If it's troublesome to open an account, you can remit money directly in cash and fill in a telegraphic transfer form for remittance, but you must fill in the recipient's account number, account name and bank name clearly
4. Open online banking, and you can make online payment and transfer by yourself.
1. After confirming that the passbook account number and account name provided by the payee are correct, take the cash to the bank and deposit it directly into the payee's account number
2. You can open an account in the bank, then fill in a telegraphic transfer form, fill in the opposite party's collection account number, account name, and bank name, and remit money from the account to the payee
3. If it's troublesome to open an account, you can remit money directly in cash and fill in a telegraphic transfer form for remittance, but you must fill in the recipient's account number, account name and bank name clearly
4. Open online banking, and you can make online payment and transfer by yourself.
4. We know the process of information computing hash packing: transaction record, time, account number, last hash value. We also know that all calculation and storage need to consume computer resources. In Nakamoto's design, the completion of bookkeeping can be rewarded with bitcoin by the system, which is also the process of issuing bitcoin. Therefore, bookkeeping becomes mining
bookkeeping
because bookkeeping is a reward, each time you can add a certain number of bitcoin for yourself, so everyone is competing for bookkeeping, which of course leads to a problem: when there is inconsistency in bookkeeping, the system introces workload proof to solve the problem, and the rules are as follows:
1. In a period of time, only one person can succeed in bookkeeping
2. Obtain the unique bookkeeping right by solving the cryptography problem
3. Other nodes the bookkeeping results
but before the workload proof, The accounting node will do the following preparatory work:
1. Collect the original transaction information that has not been recorded in the broadcast
2. Check whether the payment address in each transaction information has enough balance
3. Verify whether the transaction has the correct signature
4. Package and record the verified transaction information
5. Add a reward transaction: add 12.5 to your address Bitcoin
if you succeed in competing for bookkeeping rights, you can get a reward of 12.5 bitcoin
workload proof
the hash value of the previous block and the current account page information will be hashed together as the original information in each bookkeeping. In order to ensure that only one person can keep accounts around 10 minutes, we have to improve the difficulty of keeping accounts. The results of hash must start with several zeros. In order to satisfy the condition, hash is to introce a random number variable
denoted by pseudo code:
1. Hash (last hash value, transaction record set) = 456635bcd
2. Hash (last hash value, transaction record set, random number) = 0000afd635bcd
if you change part of the original information of hash, the hash value will also change continuously. Therefore, when you run hash, the value of random number will change continuously, A random number can always be found so that the result of hash starts with several zeros. The node that finds the random number first obtains the unique bookkeeping right
verification
after the node successfully finds the hash value, it will broadcast and package the block to the whole network immediately, and the node of the network will verify it after receiving the broadcast. If the verification is passed, it indicates that a node has successfully decrypted, it will not compete for the current block, but will choose to accept the block and record it in its own account book for the next round of competitive guessing. Only the fastest decrypted block in the network will be added to the ledger, and other nodes will to ensure the uniqueness of the whole ledger
If a node has cheating behavior, it will cause the node of the network to fail the verification, give up its packaged block directly, and cannot be recorded in the general ledger, then the consumption cost of the cheating node will be in vain. Therefore, miners consciously abide by the consensus protocol of bitcoin system, and ensure the security of the whole system
it's like you go to the construction site to move bricks. After moving bricks for one day, the contractor asks you how can you prove that you move bricks for one day?
bookkeeping
because bookkeeping is a reward, each time you can add a certain number of bitcoin for yourself, so everyone is competing for bookkeeping, which of course leads to a problem: when there is inconsistency in bookkeeping, the system introces workload proof to solve the problem, and the rules are as follows:
1. In a period of time, only one person can succeed in bookkeeping
2. Obtain the unique bookkeeping right by solving the cryptography problem
3. Other nodes the bookkeeping results
but before the workload proof, The accounting node will do the following preparatory work:
1. Collect the original transaction information that has not been recorded in the broadcast
2. Check whether the payment address in each transaction information has enough balance
3. Verify whether the transaction has the correct signature
4. Package and record the verified transaction information
5. Add a reward transaction: add 12.5 to your address Bitcoin
if you succeed in competing for bookkeeping rights, you can get a reward of 12.5 bitcoin
workload proof
the hash value of the previous block and the current account page information will be hashed together as the original information in each bookkeeping. In order to ensure that only one person can keep accounts around 10 minutes, we have to improve the difficulty of keeping accounts. The results of hash must start with several zeros. In order to satisfy the condition, hash is to introce a random number variable
denoted by pseudo code:
1. Hash (last hash value, transaction record set) = 456635bcd
2. Hash (last hash value, transaction record set, random number) = 0000afd635bcd
if you change part of the original information of hash, the hash value will also change continuously. Therefore, when you run hash, the value of random number will change continuously, A random number can always be found so that the result of hash starts with several zeros. The node that finds the random number first obtains the unique bookkeeping right
verification
after the node successfully finds the hash value, it will broadcast and package the block to the whole network immediately, and the node of the network will verify it after receiving the broadcast. If the verification is passed, it indicates that a node has successfully decrypted, it will not compete for the current block, but will choose to accept the block and record it in its own account book for the next round of competitive guessing. Only the fastest decrypted block in the network will be added to the ledger, and other nodes will to ensure the uniqueness of the whole ledger
If a node has cheating behavior, it will cause the node of the network to fail the verification, give up its packaged block directly, and cannot be recorded in the general ledger, then the consumption cost of the cheating node will be in vain. Therefore, miners consciously abide by the consensus protocol of bitcoin system, and ensure the security of the whole system
it's like you go to the construction site to move bricks. After moving bricks for one day, the contractor asks you how can you prove that you move bricks for one day?
5. It's five seconds. This requires an internationally recognized RTXP Internet financial agreement to enable quick global transfers. The radar currency is international Alipay. Bitcoin does not have the function of quick transfer
6.
According to bitcoin China's announcement, the platform will stop withdrawing cash at 12:00 noon on October 30. So far, bitcoin China has closed all trading functions
bitcoin (bitcoin: bitcoin) is a kind of network virtual currency, which can buy real-life goods. It is characterized by decentralization, anonymity, and can only be used in the digital world. It does not belong to any country or financial institution, and is not subject to geographical restrictions. It can be exchanged anywhere in the world. Therefore, it is used as a money laundering tool by some criminals. In 2013, the U.S. government recognized the legal status of bitcoin, making the price of bitcoin soar
7. 1. CPU and graphics card mining for a long time, it is relatively easy to damage or lead to graphics card performance degradation
2. It is recommended to use gpu-z to detect the hardware temperature ring use. If the temperature is relatively high, it is recommended to use a small fan in the chassis to assist cooling.
2. It is recommended to use gpu-z to detect the hardware temperature ring use. If the temperature is relatively high, it is recommended to use a small fan in the chassis to assist cooling.
8. LSE has no integer multiple limit on the number of stock transactions. Even a few shares can be traded freely. For example, as small as 1 share, 26 shares, as large as 10000 shares, and so on. At the same time, there is no day + 1 limit. What you buy on the same day can be sold on the same day
you can check indivial stocks through the UK stock website, but you can only check FTSE FTSE 100 index instead of foreign stocks in China
IPO refers to the process in which an enterprise issues additional shares to investors through the initial public offering of a stock exchange in order to raise funds for enterprise development. When a large number of investors subscribe for new shares, they need to allocate shares in the form of drawing lots, also known as drawing new shares. The investors who subscribe expect to sell them at a price higher than the subscription price. Under the Chinese environment, listing can be divided into Chinese companies listing in China or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (A-share or B-share), and Chinese companies directly going to overseas stock exchanges (such as New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ Stock Exchange London Stock Exchange (H shares) and Chinese companies indirectly set up offshore companies and list them on overseas stock exchanges in the name of the offshore company (red chips).
you can check indivial stocks through the UK stock website, but you can only check FTSE FTSE 100 index instead of foreign stocks in China
IPO refers to the process in which an enterprise issues additional shares to investors through the initial public offering of a stock exchange in order to raise funds for enterprise development. When a large number of investors subscribe for new shares, they need to allocate shares in the form of drawing lots, also known as drawing new shares. The investors who subscribe expect to sell them at a price higher than the subscription price. Under the Chinese environment, listing can be divided into Chinese companies listing in China or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (A-share or B-share), and Chinese companies directly going to overseas stock exchanges (such as New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ Stock Exchange London Stock Exchange (H shares) and Chinese companies indirectly set up offshore companies and list them on overseas stock exchanges in the name of the offshore company (red chips).
9. Want to buy bitcoin that can get to the account quickly
10. It's almost impossible
I hope I can help you. If your problem is solved, please click to adopt it. Thank you
I hope I can help you. If your problem is solved, please click to adopt it. Thank you
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