How hackers wash bitcoin

at present, the vast majority of digital currency transactions are concted in exchanges. Among the numerous exchanges, bitfinex, binance, okex and so on are well-known

1. Problems and challenges of stock exchanges=“ https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/fd039245d688d43fdf16c83b761ed21b0ff43bbf ">

in February 2014, Mt. GOx, the world's largest bitcoin exchange at that time, was stolen 850000 bitcoins, and the price of bitcoin suffered a" cliff "crash on that day. Later, it was revealed that Mt. GOx was in fact a thief, and only 7000 bitcoins were actually stolen

in August 2016, bitfinex, the largest U.S. dollar bitcoin trading platform, suffered a security vulnerability, resulting in the theft of 120000 bitcoins, which was worth $65 million at that time. If converted into the price in December 2017, it would be worth nearly $2 billion

on December 19, 2017, South Korea's youbit exchange was attacked by hackers and lost 4000 bitcoins, and the exchange declared bankruptcy

on December 21, 2017, the Ukrainian liqui exchange was stolen 60000 bitcoins, and the unit price of bitcoin plummeted by US $2000

in 2018, such a drama will only continue

in addition to the threat of hackers, traditional exchanges also have some inherent shortcomings, such as lack of supervision and inefficiency. The security of the exchange for investors can only rely on its own credit, and the cost of running is very low. The stock exchange is regulated at the national level, but there is no such sword of Damocles on the top of the digital currency exchange. Moreover, in an exchange, the same order can only be submitted to one exchange. After the user places an order, the funds used for the transaction will be frozen and can only wait for the completion or cancellation of the transaction. These are undoubtedly inefficient

2. Decentralization of exchanges=“ https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/86d6277f9e2f070889a173c9e224b899a801f257 ">

(1) the progress of the exchange itself

the upgrade of security means is various. At present, the best use is cold wallet, that is, to keep the digital currency in the offline U disk. At the end of 2017, when the YouTube exchange was attacked, 75% of its assets were withdrawn into the cold purse in time to avoid greater losses. However, it seems to be a helpless way to protect the online assets by offline means. Of course, there should be many other methods, which will not be repeated here

(2) the representative of cross ledger transaction is ripple network, and the operating company is ripple labs, which is a semi centralized system. Ripple is a decentralized clearing agreement. In order to solve the high cost and delay of inter-bank clearing, its base currency is XRP. Ripple network can connect all kinds of assets, such as US dollar, RMB, Japanese yen, bitcoin, etc. to its own network. In this system, U.S. dollars or bitcoin can be converted into reborn currency, and then reborn currency can circulate freely in the network, just as a highway is built between various assets. Due to the support of major banking institutions, the reborn currency achieved nearly 300 times growth in 2017

(3) decentralized exchange

some teams try to use blockchain technology to build a decentralized exchange. This kind of decentralized exchange, to some extent, is an extension of cross ledger trading

bitshares is the most representative of early rising projects. It builds a blockchain development platform with servers scattered all over the world. Even if some of them are attacked, the system will not collapse. Anyone can transfer money and borrow money freely on this platform, and can also quickly build a centralized exchange based on this platform. In order to ensure stable value, bitstocks also require three times of digital assets as collateral. At present, bitstocks are running fairly well

later, with the development of Ethereum and smart contract, the x x protocol came into being. This is an open protocol running in the Ethereum blockchain and a decentralized exchange in the Ethereum ecosystem. The agreement has attracted many investors. At present, it has completed financing and started to build open source software tools and infrastructure. Of course, there are many competitors. Ether Delta, IDEX and oasis DEX are trying to provide similar functions. Moreover, it is a smart contract system based on Ethereum, which only supports erc20 token. If other smart contract public chains start to rise, the demand will be reced

in addition, there are some teams that are entering, such as the domestic road seal agreement, looping (LRC) in English. They adopted a design similar to the X protocol, and also introced a fast payment function similar to the lightning network. It is characterized by trying to match multiple exchanges, the user's order can be broadcast to multiple exchanges, and completed by different exchanges. Moreover, the user can still use the account funds after placing an order, and the user's behavior of transferring part or all of the funds is equivalent to partial or total cancellation. To some extent, it improves the breadth and timeliness of the transaction. However, this system seems to have damaged the "power" of the existing exchanges. Whether we can persuade everyone to play together will be a difficult problem

1. I've only heard that hackers directly attack the bank to transfer money, but I don't have any personal information, otherwise I'll have life to take money and spend money

2. because there is no way for hackers to directly use the money they get through these means (once they use it, they will be caught), and they have to use it through a series of money laundering means (and they have to complete it in a short time)

3. therefore, if an indivial hacker steals other people's company and organization secret information and sells it, money laundering is also necessary

4. another way is that someone assigns or pays to steal the secret information of a company, so it is estimated that the money should be washed

5. so hackers can't make money directly, but now there are virtual currencies (such as bitcoin), so money laundering will be easier< br />