Portable bitcoin Wallet
I use my wallet, of course
this is the wallet interface
a person signed by Nakamoto Tsui has put forward a revolutionary idea: let's create a currency that is not controlled by the government or anyone else! This idea is crazy: there is no asset support behind a string of figures, and no one is responsible for it. How can anyone accept it when you pay it to the other party as money
Merkle tree
looks like a binary tree, but this is the lower two nodes. Take the hash value to get the upper node. Just remember the root node to detect whether the whole tree has been tampered
the root hash value is stored in the block header, and the transaction process is stored in the block body. All nodes include block header and block body, but light nodes (such as bitcoin wallets on mobile phones) only include block header. This tree can prove that a transaction has been written into the blockchain
3. Consensus agreement
two issues should be paid attention to in decentralized currency:
1. Who can issue digital currency: mining
2. How to verify the legitimacy of transactions: blockchain
double spending attack
double spending attack is a major challenge of digital currency
all transactions in bitcoin have input and output. Where does bitcoin come from and where does it go
under normal circumstances, there may be two bifurcations, because two nodes obtain the bookkeeping right at the same time, and the two nodes package the block and calculate the random number at the same time. At this time, the two bifurcations will coexist temporarily until one of the blocks finds the next block first, which becomes the longest legal chain, and the other one is discarded<
Sybil attack
a malicious node keeps generating accounts. If the total number of accounts exceeds half of the total accounts, it obtains the control of the blockchain
consensus protocol in bitcoin
some nodes are malicious, and most nodes are good
idea 1: pack some transactions into blocks as candidate blocks, let each block vote, and write them into the blockchain if they pass
No, because some malicious nodes have been publishing blocks containing malicious transactions, and they have been voting and occupying resources. And some nodes don't vote<
idea 2: vote not by the number of accounts, but by computing power. Each node can generate legal transactions and put them into the block. These nodes start to try random numbers until H (block header) ≤ target is found, then this node has the right to account
the only way to generate bitcoin
coinbase transaction. There is no need to point out the source of the currency. If you have the bookkeeping right, you will get a reward< br />
50BTC-> 25BTC-> 12.5btc, the reward will be halved for every 210000 bitcoins
the process of bitcoin competing for bookkeeping rights is called mining. The node competing for bookkeeping right is called miner.
There must be radiation from virtual currency mining, including mobile phones and computers, not to mention mining
Mining is a process of consuming computing resources to process transactions, ensuring network security and keeping everyone's information synchronized in the networkit can be understood as the data center of bitcoin. The difference lies in its completely decentralized design. Miners operate all over the world, and no one can control the network
this process is called "mining" because it is similar to gold panning, because it is also a temporary mechanism for issuing new bitcoin
however, unlike gold panning, bitcoin mining provides rewards for services that ensure the safe operation of payment networks
after the last bitcoin issue, mining is still necessary
extended data:
bitcoin mining machine is a computer used to earn bitcoin. This kind of computer generally has professional mining chips, and mostly works in the way of display card, which consumes a lot of power
one of the ways to get bitcoin is that users download software from personal computer and then run specific algorithm to get corresponding bitcoin after communicating with remote server
the popular digital currencies in 2013 are bitcoin, Leyte coin, zeta coin, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bar, red coin, pole coin, barbecue coin and prime currency
At present, there are more than 100 kinds of digital currency in the worldbitcoin is a kind of virtual currency. Bitcoin mining system is the process of carrying out mathematical operation for bitcoin network through computer hardware. Miners who provide services can get a reward, because the network reward is calculated according to the tasks completed by miners, so the competition for mining is very fierce
bitcoin mining started with low-cost hardware such as CPU or GPU, but with the popularity of bitcoin, the mining process has changed greatly
nowadays, the mining activities are transferred to the field programmable gate array, and the hash speed can be achieved through optimization, which has very high mining efficiency
resources: Network - bitcoin mining machine
for example, European crowdfunding chooses to use blockchain technology to serve the real economy and crowdfunding through blockchain technology. Ethereum launched an intelligent contract system; Decent uses blockchain technology to protect intellectual property rights.
the global financial crisis broke out in 2008. On November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto published the white paper bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system [3] on the P2P foundation website, stating his new idea of e-currency bitcoin. On January 3, 2009, bitcoin Genesis block was born
compared with fiat money, bitcoin does not have a centralized issuer, but is generated by the calculation of network nodes. Anyone can participate in the manufacturing of bitcoin, and it can circulate all over the world. It can be bought and sold on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where they are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or receive bitcoin, And in the transaction process, foreigners can not identify the user's identity information. On January 5, 2009, bitcoin, which is not controlled by the central bank and any financial institutions, was born. Bitcoin is a kind of digital currency, which is composed of a series of complex codes generated by computer. New bitcoin is manufactured through preset programs. With the increase of the total amount of bitcoin, the speed of new coin manufacturing slows down. Until 2014, the total amount of bitcoin reached the upper limit of 21 million, and the total amount of bitcoin excavated has exceeded 16 million.
