BTC123com
software language: Simplified Chinese
software category: network acceleration
running environment: WinXP / Vista / win7 / win8 / win10 / mobile phone
easy to use, please adopt
I believe that the law will never let a bad man go.
btc123: it's a bitcoin related navigation website, but it has become a commercial website under the management of Er Bao. It's not as popular as Lao Mo when he was in business. Lao Mo is more idealistic and less commercialized
Xigu and Wanyuan are Shanzhai coin trading platforms, which can be used by those who play Shanzhai coin.
January 23, 2019 is the brand day of btc123 and the 8th anniversary of our founding. We are the earliest blockchain enterprise in China. As the first one-stop instrial service platform of blockchain established in China, btc123 customizes the overall blockchain solutions for many enterprise users with innovative support services such as equity investment, fast financing and proct promotion, Help business incubation; With the most comprehensive and accurate market data analysis in the instry, we provide information and data related to digital currency and blockchain for nearly 700 million users at home and abroad. Now we have covered many countries and regions such as the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea and so on. Now we are living very well
freedom of payment - you can pay and receive any amount of money anytime and anywhere. No bank holidays, no borders, no imposed restrictions. Bitcoin allows its users full control of their funds
very low fee - at present, there is no or very little fee for the processing of bitcoin payment. The user can include the service charge in the transaction to obtain the processing priority and receive the transaction confirmation from the network faster. In addition, there are also merchant processors to assist merchants in processing transactions, converting bitcoin into legal tender every day and depositing the funds directly into the merchant's bank account. Because these services are all based on bitcoin, they can offer much lower fees than paypal or credit card networks
rece business risk - bitcoin transactions are secure, irreversible, and do not contain customers' sensitive or personal information. This avoids the loss of merchants e to fraud or fraulent chargeback, and there is no need to comply with PCI standards. Where credit cards are not available or where fraud rates are unacceptably high, businesses can easily expand into new markets. The end result is lower costs, larger markets, and less administrative costs
Security and control - bitcoin users have complete control over their own transactions; It is impossible for businesses to impose fees that may occur in other payment methods that should not be or are not easy to find. Payment with bitcoin can avoid binding personal information in the transaction, which provides great protection against identity theft. Users of bitcoin can also protect their funds through backup and encryption
transparent and neutral - all information about the bitcoin funding itself is stored in the block chain and can be verified and used by anyone in real time. No indivial or organization can control or manipulate the bitcoin protocol because it is password protected. This makes the bitcoin core believed to be completely neutral, transparent and predictable
of course, digital currencies such as Ruitai coin, Qianjin card, Laite coin and doggy coin also have these advantages, but their acceptance and popularity can't be compared with bitcoin.
Development process
Cryptography (in Western European languages, from Greek krypt) ó S "hidden", and gr á Writing is a subject that studies how to transmit information in secret. In modern times, especially the mathematical study of information and its transmission, it is often regarded as a branch of mathematics and computer science, and is also closely related to information theory
Ron Rivest, a famous cryptographer, explained: "cryptography is about how to communicate in the presence of enemies". From the perspective of engineering, this is equivalent to the similarities and differences between cryptography and pure mathematics. Cryptography is the core of information security and other related issues, such as authentication and access control. The primary purpose of cryptography is the meaning of hidden information, not the existence of hidden information
Cryptography also promotes computer science, especially the technologies used in computer and network security, such as access control and information confidentiality. Cryptography has been applied in daily life, including ATM chip card, computer user access password, e-commerce and so oncipher is an important means for communication parties to transform information according to the agreed rules. According to these rules, changing plaintext into ciphertext is called encryption transformation; Changing ciphertext into plaintext is called decryption transformation. In the early stage, cipher only added or decrypted words or numbers. With the development of communication technology, voice, image and data can be added or decrypted
Cryptography is graally developed in the practice of the struggle between coding and decoding, and with the application of advanced science and technology, it has become a comprehensive cutting-edge technology. It is closely related to linguistics, mathematics, electronics, acoustics, information theory, computer science and so on. Its practical research results, especially the cryptography and decoding methods currently used by governments all over the world, are highly confidentialthe rule of crypto transformation is called cryptosystem. The parameter indicating this transformation is called the key. They are an important part of cryptography
The basic types of cryptosystem can be divided into four types: disorderly according to the prescribed graphics and lines, changing the position of plaintext letters or numbers into ciphertext; Substitution -- one or more substitution tables are used to substitute plaintext letters or numbers for ciphertext; Cipher text: to change plaintext into ciphertext by using a pre-determined alphabetic or numeric cipher group instead of a certain phrase, word, etcscrambling-a series of sequences composed of finite elements are used as scrambling numbers, which are combined with plaintext sequences to form ciphertext according to the specified algorithm. The above four cryptosystems can be used alone or in combination to proce practical cryptosystems with high complexity
Since the 1970s, some scholars have proposed the public key system, which uses the mathematical principle of one-way function to realize the separation of encryption and decryption keys. The encryption key is public and the decryption key is confidential. This new cryptosystem has attracted the attention and discussion of cryptologyaccording to the rules of text and password, under certain conditions, various technical means are adopted to analyze the intercepted ciphertext, so as to obtain the plaintext and restore the cipher system, that is, to decipher the password. The requirements for decoding codes of different strength are different, even very different
In fact, secret letters were used in wars before BC. Herodotus, the father of western historiography, recorded some of the earliest secret letter stories in his history. In the 5th century BC, Greek city states had many conflicts and wars with Persia in order to fight against slavery and aggressionin 480 BC, Persia secretly assembled a powerful army to launch a surprise attack on Athens and Sparta
Demaratus, the Greek, saw the assembly in the city of Susa in Persia, covered the words on the board with a layer of wax, and sent it to the Greek to inform them of the plan of Persia. Finally, the Persian navy was lost in the Salamis Bay near Athenssince most people were illiterate in ancient times, the earliest form of secret writing only used paper and pen or equivalent items. With the improvement of literacy rate, real cryptography was needed. The two most classical encryption techniques are:
transposition cipher: rearrange the alphabetic order, such as' help me 'to' ehpl em '
substitution cipher: systematically changing a group of letters into other letters or symbols, such as' fly at once 'to' GMZ Bu podf '(each letter is replaced by the next letter)
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extended materials:
research
as the main discipline of information security, cryptography of Xi'an University of electronic science and technology ranks first in China
In 1959, under the instruction of Qian Xuesen, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and technology took the lead in carrying out cryptography research in China. In 1988, Xidian was the first to set up a master's program in cryptography, and in 1993, it was approved to set up a doctor's program in cryptography. It is one of the first two doctor's programs in cryptography in China and the only doctor's program outside the military, And become the national 211 key construction disciplinein 2001, information security specialty was established on the basis of cryptography, which is the first batch of universities in China to set up this specialty
the information security major of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and technology relies on the first-class national key discipline "information and Communication Engineering" (the second in China) and the second-class national key discipline "cryptography" (the first in China), which is the innovation platform of 985 project advantage discipline and the key construction discipline of 211 project
State Key Laboratory of integrated service network theory and key technology, National Engineering Laboratory of wireless network security technology, modern switching and network coding research center (Chinese University of Hong Kong - Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology), Key Laboratory of computer network and information security, Ministry of ecation The Key Laboratory of the Ministry of ecation and other national, provincial and ministerial scientific research platforms
among the 34 directors of the Chinese society of cryptography, 12 are from Xidian, and the two vice directors are graates of Xidian. The only member of China in the international society of cryptography is also from Xidian. It is no exaggeration to say that Xidian has become the core base for training cryptography and information security talents in China
the following is a brief list of Xi'an Xin'an graates: Lai Xuejia, member of international cryptographic society, designer of idea block cipher algorithm; Chen Lidong, research fellow of American Bureau of standards; Ding Cunsheng, Professor, Hong Kong University of science and technology; Xing Chaoping, NTU Professor, Singapore; Feng Dengguo, director of the National Laboratory of information security, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and vice president of the Chinese cryptographic society
Zhang Huanguo, executive director of China cryptographic society, Professor of Wuhan University and leader of Xin'an; He Dake, vice president of China cryptographic society, Professor of Southwest Jiaotong University and leader of Xin'an; He Liangsheng, chief cryptographer of PLA General Staff; Ye Jiqing, director of key management center of PLA
Xi'an University of Electronic Science and technology has three Chinese leaders in the field of information security: Xiao Guozhen, Wang Yumin and Wang Xinmei. Among them, Professor Xiao Guozhen is one of the main pioneers of modern cryptography in China. His concept of statistical independence of combinatorial functions and his spectral characterization theorem of correlation immunity of combinatorial functions are internationally known as Xiao Massey theorem
has become one of the basic tools of cryptography research, and opened up a new field of stream cryptography research. He is a member of the Executive Committee of the Asian cryptographic society, vice chairman of the Chinese cryptographic society, and a consultant to the editorial board of the International Journal of information security (ijis)
in 2001, WAPI, the mandatory standard for wireless network security formulated by Xi'an University of Electronic Science and technology, shocked the world. China owns the completely independent intellectual property rights of the technology, breaking the monopoly of IEEE in the world. The Wall Street Journal reported at that time that "China's Encryption Standard for wireless technology caused confusion in the instry."
this technology is also one of the few significant scientific and technological advances that China has made in the IT field with world influence
the information security major of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and technology ranked first in China for many years, which is the best reflection of its leading position in the national information security field
source: network cryptography
because the original investor is short, the direction when signing the futures contract is to sell, and when closing the position, he needs to buy it. In this way, the original short has become a long, which has played a role in boosting the price rise, allowing the futures price to stop falling and rebound when it falls, and accelerate rising when it rises
in short, short covering will help futures prices rise. The only difference is whether it is a low rebound after a fall or an accelerated rise ring a rise.