Bitcoin to the top

1. In order to understand the technical principle of bitcoin, we need to understand two important cryptographic techniques: hash code: it converts a long string into a fixed length string, and its conversion is irreversible, that is, it is impossible to guess the original string from hash code. Sha256 is mainly used in bitcoin protocol
public key system: corresponds to a public key and a private key, keeps the private key in the application and publishes the public key. When Party A transmits information to Party B, it can use Party A's private key to encrypt the information, and Party B can use Party A's public key to decrypt the information, so as to ensure that the third party cannot impersonate Party A to send the information; At the same time, when Party A transmits information to Party B, it is encrypted with Party B's public key and sent to Party B, and then Party B decrypts it with his own private key, so as to ensure that the third party cannot eavesdrop on the communication between the two people. RSA is the most common public key system, but the lliptic curve digital signature algorithm is used in bitcoin protocol. What's the difference between cash and bank account? Bitcoin is an electronic currency in BTC. In this article, it is also used to refer to the whole bitcoin system. Like opening an account in a bank, the corresponding concept in bitcoin is address. Everyone can have one or more bitcoin addresses, which are used to pay and collect money. Each address is a string that starts with 1. For example, I have two bitcoin accounts, and. A bitcoin account is uniquely determined by a pair of public key and private key. To save the account, you only need to save the private key file. Unlike bank accounts, banks keep all transaction records and maintain the book balance of each account, while bitcoin's transaction records are jointly maintained by the whole P2P network through a pre agreed protocol. How much money is in my account address? Although the current account balance can be seen by bitcoin software, unlike banks, there is no place to maintain the book balance of each address. It can only calculate the account balance in real time through all historical transactions. How do I pay? When I pay from address a to address B of the other party, the payment amount is e. at this time, both parties will announce the transaction information to each network node, telling address a to pay to address B, and the payment amount is e. In order to prevent the third party from forging the transaction information, the transaction information will be encrypted with the private key of address A. at this time, the network node receiving the transaction information can use the public key of address a to verify that the transaction information is indeed sent by address a. Of course, trading software will help us do these things, we just need to input the relevant parameters in the software. What will the network node do after receiving the transaction information? This is the most important part of the bitcoin system, which needs to be elaborated. For the sake of simplicity, only bitcoin protocol has been implemented. In the current version, each network node will save all transaction information synchronously. There are two kinds of transaction information in history, one is & quot; Verified & quot; The transaction information, that is, the verified transaction information, is stored in a series of "blocks". Each & quot; block" Is the previous & quot; bock" The ID of each block is the hash code of the hash code of the block and the new transaction information (see an actual block). The other category refers to those who also & quot; Unverified & quot; The transaction information just paid above belongs to this category. When a network node receives new unverified transaction information (possibly more than one), it can calculate the book balance of each address at that time because the node keeps all the transaction information in history, so it can calculate whether the transaction information is valid, that is, whether there is enough balance in the payment account. After eliminating the invalid transaction information, it first takes out the last & quot; block" Then, the unverified transaction information is combined with the ID, and a verification code is added to form a new "block". It needs a lot of calculation to build a new block, because it needs to calculate the verification code, so that the above combination becomes a block, that is, the first several bits of the hash code of the block are 1. At present, the first 13 bits need to be 1 (generally, the specific method is uncertain), which means that if the block is generated by enumeration method, the average number of enumerations is 16 ^ 13. Using CPU resources to generate a block is called "gold mining", because the proction of the block will get a certain reward, and the reward information has been included in the block. When a network node generates a new block, it will broadcast to other network nodes. However, this network block may not be accepted by the network, because it is possible that other network nodes have proced the block earlier. Only the earliest block or the block with the largest number of subsequent blocks is valid, and the remaining blocks are no longer used as the initial blocks of the next block. How does the other party confirm that the payment is successful? When the payment information is distributed to the network node, the network node begins to calculate whether the transaction is valid (that is, whether the account balance is enough to pay), and attempts to generate blocks containing the transaction information. When six blocks (one direct block and five subsequent blocks) contain the transaction information, the transaction information is considered "verified", so that the transaction is formally confirmed, and the other party can confirm the successful payment. A possible problem is that I will pay the balance of address a to address B, and at the same time pay to address C. If I only verify that the single comparison transaction is valid. At this point, my way of cheating is to generate six blocks including B to B and six blocks including C to C before the truth is revealed. Because I need a very long CPU time to generate a block, compared with the whole network, the probability of my cheating success is very small. What is the motivation of network nodes to proce blocks? As can be seen from the above description, in order to make the transaction information effective, the network node needs to generate 1 and 5 subsequent blocks to contain the transaction information, and such block generation is very CPU intensive. How to let other network nodes help to proce blocks as soon as possible? The answer is very simple. The agreement stipulates that BTC will be rewarded for the address where the block is proced, as well as the Commission promised by both parties. At present, the reward for procing a block is 50btc, which will be halved every four years in the future. For example, the reward will be 25btc from 2013 to 2016. Is the transaction anonymous? Yes, and No. All bitcoin transactions are visible. We can check all transaction records of each account, such as mine. But what's different from the banking monetary system is that everyone's account itself is anonymous, and everyone can open many accounts. In general, anonymity is not as good as it claims. But bitcoin has another advantage in doing black market trading: it can't be frozen. Even if the police trace a bitcoin address, there is nothing they can do unless they trace the computer used by the exchange based on the Internet address. How to ensure that bitcoin does not depreciate? Generally speaking, in the case of equivalent trading activities, the value of money is inversely proportional to the amount of money issued. Unlike the traditional money market, the central bank can determine the amount of money issued. Bitcoin does not have a central issuing institution. Only by procing blocks can we get a certain amount of BTC currency. Therefore, bitcoin's new amount of money depends on: 1. The speed of procing blocks: bitcoin's agreement stipulates that the difficulty of procing blocks is fixed at an average of 2016 every two weeks, about 10 minutes. Moore's law of doubling CPU speed every 18 months will not speed up the proction of block. 2. The number of rewards for block proction: at present, 50 BTC is awarded for each block proced, which is halved every four years. In 2013, 25 BTC is awarded, and in 2017, 12.5 BTC is awarded. Considering the above two factors, bitcoin's currency issuing speed is not controlled by any single node in the network. Its protocol makes the currency stock known in advance, and the maximum stock is only 21 million BTC

2. The price of bitcoin depends on the time and target. Compared with the US $1 at the beginning, it is thousands of times higher. The price is too high. Compared with the US $18000 the year before last, it is neither high nor slightly low. It is better not to speculate in such a high-risk electronic currency

3.

Since the second half of 2020, the price of bitcoin has been going up all the way. Up to now, bitcoin has broken through the $50000 mark, which can be said to be a straight-line surge. Why are many short sellers not optimistic about their prospects before, but their prices are running all the way to the top? Is it that they say no, but in fact they are very honest< in fact, the price surge of bitcoin is e to the fact that musk, the founder of Tesla, the new world's richest man, has publicly expressed his support for bitcoin, and that multinational financial consortia such as JPMorgan Chase and MasterCard have also provided bitcoin platforms, which has led to a sharp rise in the price today, Xiaobian will give you some ideas about bitcoin

First, the past and present of bitcoin< p> Bitcoin is a kind of virtual P2P currency proposed by Nakamoto Cong on November 1, 2008. Its biggest feature is decentralized, peer-to-peer transmission service, which does not need to be issued by the National Central Bank and other currency issuing institutions. Moreover, it is obtained by cracking the encryption algorithm, so its security is very high, and the total number is limited. Now, it is more and more difficult to obtain bitcoin, which also gives rise to & lt; Mining machinery& ldquo; Mining & quot; And other instries. Due to its limited total quantity, this virtual currency is very scarce and can be used as an investment proct

the price of bitcoin has been at the highest level in history after a period of rapid rise. It is not known whether it will continue to rise or let it go all the way. For us ordinary people, this price is already sky high. We'd better wait for the fight of major capitals. Netizens, what's your opinion? Welcome to comment area message exchange

4. The former bitcoin is less and less, and it is more and more difficult to find. It is said that those who really dig for coins will use high-end or even the top graphics card SLI or CF, and the power consumption of the host computer is amazing (the electricity bill may be more expensive than the bitcoin g).

5.

About 400 percent

when bitcoin first appeared in 2009, one dollar could buy almost 1300 bitcoins. Before April 2011, the price of each bitcoin was always below $1. In June 2011, the highest price of bitcoin rose to $30. Then, the price almost fell within a week. In 2012, the price of bitcoin once fell below $2

further dropped to $114 on January 14, 2015. Since then, bitcoin has begun to rise again. In 2017, after the bitcoin ETF fund was rejected by the US Securities Regulatory Commission, bitcoin plummeted by $315 to below $1000. After that, it rose again. In the first four months of this year, the price of bitcoin and an ounce of gold were almost equal

However, with the strong rise of bitcoin in this round, the price of bitcoin has exceeded the price of an ounce of gold. On April 26, the price of bitcoin was $1282.97, compared with $1264 for an ounce of gold. Bitcoin has surpassed gold in price

extended data

in 2016, there were dozens of bitcoin exchanges in the world, and the trading volume of bitcoin in most countries and regions increased sharply. Among the countries and regions with the highest growth rate, the trading volume of bitcoin in Japan is second only to China, ranking second in the world; The local bitcoin trading volume in Venezuela increased by more than 913%

South Korea has become the sixth largest bitcoin trading market in the world, Korean people can buy bitcoin from a large number of convenience stores, and korbit's trading volume currently accounts for 70% of the South Korean market; Local bitcoin transactions in Colombia increased by about 370%; Bitcoin markets in Malaysia, Russia and Australia are also developing rapidly. Bitcoin trading in China once accounted for more than 80% of the global trading volume