Quantum computer cracking bitcoin
there are basically two kinds of attacks, one is dictionary attack, the other is brute force attack
dictionary attack is to use common passwords and their simple variants as keys one by one. As long as your pass phrase is not hard enough, the possibility of successful attack is very high. So if you want to use this, you need to popularize the knowledge of cryptography first, and don't think it's very safe to add a long password
if you don't use the wallet generated by pass phrase, you can only crack it violently, which is equivalent to enumerating all the possible keys. At present, this is impossible, even if the electronic computer is becoming more and more powerful. However, quantum computer can do it theoretically, but don't worry too much. If such a powerful quantum computer comes out, it will not only endanger bitcoin
at the same time, bitcoin has a second layer of protection: if an address only accepts bitcoin but does not output it, its public key is confidential, that is to say, no one else can see the box, only the box number. At present, the process of decing the box from the box number can't even be done by quantum computer. In other words, if there is a quantum computer, bitcoin has a last line of Defense: it's temporarily safe to transfer your money to a new address
finally, some time ago, the wallet generated by the Android client was attacked because of a bug in the underlying random number generator. In fact, this function is not random securerandom, which Google quickly admitted and fixed. It's hard to say whether this kind of thing will happen again, but I don't think we need to worry too much.
at present, we do not have such quantum algorithm, but what should we do if we find it in the future? As we all know, bitcoin aims to identify the speed of mining, and also increases the difficulty of mining. It means that the difficulty of finding the algorithm will become more complex
in fact, it is impossible to mine with ordinary computers, so miners use ASIC chips to dig bitcoin. At present, there are two kinds of cryptocurrency, RSA and elliptic curve cryptocurrency. In fact, these two cryptocurrency methods are vulnerable to quantum computer attacks. According to Anastasia, we only need 2500 cubits to interrupt algoant, interrupt EC, and about 4000 cubits to interrupt RSA
Hackers can identify bitcoin wallet addressesin the current situation, hard forking is impossible because many users have lost their wallet addresses and coins. Now, the worry is that quantum computers can easily help track lost wallets, and hackers can use them to decrypt and retrieve such lost coins
However, the main focus is the research of quantum computer. The entry of such computer system will make the cryptocurrency system face risks. The system could be the destroyer of bitcoinon the evening of October 23, Beijing time, the 150th anniversary edition of Nature magazine published a paper claiming that Google has successfully achieved "quantum hegemony" this event named "Hello world" in the quantum field immediately occupied the front page of the mainstream media, and the description of "quantum computing in 200 seconds = 10000 years of the most powerful supercomputer on earth" in the paper has become a hot topic of the whole Internet
at present, many cryptography and quantum cryptography experts are advocating the establishment of financial security system as soon as possible, except that the encryption currency projects such as TaiFang and quantum chain focus on quantum resistance. According to William tooton, a reporter from Bloomberg technology, on twitter last month, the National Security Bureau has been committed to the research of related technologies. Therefore, unless the threat of quantum computing suddenly erupts, bitcoin still has time to deal with its arrival“ Bitcoin is alive, consensus is there, currency is there, if not upgraded, it will not disappear because of algorithms or vulnerabilities. But the problem of quantum resistance has not been solved. With the continuous development of quantum computers and the arrival of more qubit chips, this will still be the sword of Damocles hanging on the head of cryptocurrency. "< br />
on May 3, 2017, a big news in science and technology circles: the world's first optical quantum computer surpassing the early classical computer was born. This "world's first" is a genuine "made in China" and is the result of a breakthrough made by Professor Pan Jianwei and his colleagues of the University of science and technology of China and Professor Wang Haohua of Zhejiang University
if the speed of traditional computer is bicycle, the speed of quantum computer is just like airplane. In the past few months, IBM and Intel have announced that they have built 50 and 49 qubit quantum computers, respectively. Some experts point out that within ten years, the computing power of quantum computer may catch up with and surpass the current supercomputer
at the American Physics Annual Meeting held in Los Angeles on March 5, 2018, Julian Kelly, a research scientist at Google quantum AI laboratory, reported that he was leading the Google team to test a 72 qubit universal quantum computer. However, this is only 72 qubits. At this rate of development, the magic power of quantum computer will soon be terrifying
then, why do we say that quantum computers can easily crack bitcoin? What's the matter
it takes 600000 years to crack an RSA cryptosystem, but it takes less than three hours to use a quantum computer with considerable storage function! In other words, with the leap from electronic computer to quantum computer, the computing power and the ability to process big data of the whole mankind will be improved for tens of thousands or even hundreds of millions of times. In front of the quantum computer, the traditional electronic computer we used to be proud of is equivalent to the previous abacus, which is bulky and old
although the bitcoin protocol uses asymmetric cryptocurrency, the corresponding public key is used to verify the transactions signed by the private key to ensure that bitcoin can only be used by legitimate owners. It is not feasible to force the private key to be consistent with the public key by using the currently available computer, but quantum computer can solve the problem of asymmetric cryptocurrency
in addition, the rule of bitcoin is that the more processed block will be added to the blockchain, and the other block will be voided. For example, it's like 51 people in an account book say that you have saved 100 yuan in the bank, while 49 people say that you have saved 50 yuan. In this case, the minority of blockchain algorithm is subordinate to the majority, and the bank thinks that you have saved 100 yuan is true, and that you have saved 50 yuan is false. So once a miner has 51% of the computing power, other subsequent miners will not be able to continue to get bitcoin
Andersen Cheng, co-founder of a network security company in the UK, says bitcoin will come to an end the day quantum computers come into use. What's your opinion?
1. The virus is very harmful, but there is a patch.
2. Install a computer manager on the computer, and then open the toolbox, find the function to repair the vulnerability, and go to repair it