Bitcoin mass production
The total number of bitcoins is 21 million
in 2009, when bitcoin was born, block reward was 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25
when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million
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monetary characteristics
1. Decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, and the whole network is composed of users without a central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Global circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5, no hidden cost: as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay
6. Cross platform mining: users can explore the computing power of different hardware on many platforms
You can't dig in a day. It takes 2000 years
the global unified computing difficulty of bitcoin is 2621404453 (expected to change in two days). It takes more than 2000 years for a 2.5GHz CPU to work out a bitcoin
in order to make the graphics card fully loaded for a long time, the power consumption will be quite high, and the electricity bill will be higher and higher. Many professional mines at home and abroad are operated in areas with extremely low electricity charges, such as hydropower stations, while more users can only mine at home or in ordinary mines, so the electricity charges are not cheap. Even in a certain residential area in Yunnan, there was a case of crazy mining, which led to a large area trip of the residential area, and the transformer was burned
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bitcoin network generates new bitcoin through "mining". In essence, the so-called "mining" is to use computers to solve a complex mathematical problem to ensure the consistency of bitcoin network distributed accounting system
bitcoin network will automatically adjust the difficulty of mathematical problems, so that the whole network can get a qualified answer about every 10 minutes. Then bitcoin network will generate a certain amount of bitcoin as block reward to reward the person who gets the answer
when bitcoin was born in 2009, block rewards were 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25
when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
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secondly, however, there is a smaller threshold for the total number of "smart": the largest possible integer that can be represented in floating-point format. Integers are not the only numbers that computers can store; To deal with decimals, computers & gt; Use a format for floating point representation. Floating point notation is essentially a binary version of scientific notation. For example, here is a value you will encounter when you study physics:
mass of the earth: 5.972 1024 kg
mass of the sun: 1.989 1030 kg
speed of light: 2.998 108 M / s
light year: 9.460 1015 m
mass of proton: 1.672 10-27 kg
Planck length: 1.616 10-35 m
we can notice that, How does scientific notation allow you to represent all of these values with reasonable accuracy, even though they vary greatly in size. Floating point notation is essentially a binary scientific notation; When you store numbers & gt; When the word is 9.625, what your computer stores is "1.001101
* 1011" (in other words, it stores 0100000000100011
& gt; This is the same thing with high-precision sequence form). In this high-precision form, the coefficient (that is, the part that is not the exponent) has 52 bits. This means high precision (more refined & gt; Double precision floating point number is enough to store up to 253 numbers, but it can't be any higher. If it exceeds 253, you have to start cutting off the numbers at the end. Bitcoin's 250.9, the total number of "smart" in the form of index, is just & gt; OK, below this maximum
if we have integers, why should we care about floating-point values? Because more high-level programming languages (such as JavaScript) do not open low-level "floating point" and "integer representation", but only provide "number" representation for programmers; Concepts
– of course, in floating-point form. If Nakamoto chose 210 million instead of 21 million at that time, bitcoin programming in many languages would be much more troublesome than it is now
note that Stefan Thomas unfortunately didn't notice this in time when he wrote bitcoinjs, so that the library used a special "big number big
number" object instead of an ordinary number to store the tutorial output value; My own bifurcated bitcoin JS (along with other improvements) uses ordinary numbers.
We often hear people ridicule: money is not everything, no money is absolutely impossible. It is undeniable that this is a fact. Some people will choose to work hard and save money. Others will take risks to invest and do business. Others want to earn more money by means of financial management. There are many ways of financial management, such as buying stocks, buying funds, or buying "bitcoin"
then some people began to ask, how can an ordinary English teacher have such a unique vision and catch the black horse of bitcoin? In fact, many of Li Xiao's friends were investing in virtual currency at that time, so Li Xiao also knew something about it. At that time, Li Xiao thought that bitcoin would have room for appreciation, but he didn't expect that the value of bitcoin would be thousands of times, and the number of bitcoin in his hand graally increased from 2100 to 100000, because he was holding the 100000 bitcoin, He became a rich man with a fortune of 7 billion
with so much wealth, Li Xiao can enjoy his life directly without any more efforts, but he didn't do so. He was grateful for everything he got and began to give back to the society. He kept doing charitable activities and helped many poor farmers. Now he has started his own business, At the same time, he didn't give up his specialty and hobby publishing books. Li Xiao's experience along the way is like a story, and we will wish the good hero luck all the time
in the first four years, 50 pieces were g out every ten minutes: 50 * 6 * 24 * (365 * 4 + 1) = 10519200 pieces
in the second four years, 25 pieces were g out every ten minutes: 25 * 6 * 24 * (365 * 4 + 1) = 5259600 pieces
according to the sum formula of infinite equal ratio sequence, the final total amount is infinitely close to 21038400 pieces (10519200 * 2)
as long as the mining rules are not changed, the number of bitcoins will never exceed 21038400
we need to understand that the rise of bitcoin has a great impact on the economy, which mainly lies in the macro economy
when some people mention bitcoin, they may think that bitcoin is a fraud, while others believe it. No matter what the point of view is, the current price of bitcoin is very high, and it has a large number of fans. I personally hold a negative attitude towards bitcoin. Here are my personal views
bitcoin is indeed rising at present
I remember in 2000, when the price of bitcoin was only a few dollars, now the price of bitcoin has risen to 50000 dollars, which can be said to have increased thousands of times. In this case, it is difficult not to shake one's faith. Some people feel that they have missed the gold draught of bitcoin, while others feel that the bubble of bitcoin will eventually burst . RRRRR}
Speaking of the bitcoin market, it seems that it has fallen into a crazy state. We know that the rarity of things is the most expensive. Now there are only 21 million bitcoins in the world, and even one bitcoin has been fried to 150000. It's incredible. In the early days, bitcoin was also regarded as a fraud, and economists were critical of bitcoin. Some economists believe that we should regulate the market economy and use relevant monetary policies, which requires us to have enough flexible money to control the stability of the market. Another part of economists think that the total amount of money should be fixed, recing government intervention in the market, whether it is market expansion or contraction, is a sign of social progress
in fact, for bitcoin, the biggest technology content is blockchain technology, which is also a very important technology, but this importance has not been highlighted yet. In fact, blockchain technology is a set of technology that must be used in every country and instry to realize intelligent and efficient management. However, bitcoin also has some hidden dangers, that is, it challenges the function of the world's major central banks to issue currency. If bitcoin becomes the mainstream currency, it will directly challenge the mainstream currency. Of course, because of this, both the western world and China are opposed to bitcoin. After all, if bitcoin really overflows, it will have a certain impact on society, and even it will be used by criminals
therefore, the bulk mining of bitcoin is mainly to deploy a large number of computers (purchase equipment), and the proposal and development of the Internet of things itself will not help
finally, there are a lot of scams hyped with the concept of Internet of things. Please be careful to distinguish them so as not to be cheated.