1 bitcoin available at McDonald's

2. In order to understand the technical principle of bitcoin, we need to understand two important cryptographic techniques: hash code: it converts a long string into a fixed length string, and its conversion is irreversible, that is, it is impossible to guess the original string from hash code. Sha256 is mainly used in bitcoin protocol
public key system: corresponds to a public key and a private key, keeps the private key in the application and publishes the public key. When Party A transmits information to Party B, it can use Party A's private key to encrypt the information, and Party B can use Party A's public key to decrypt the information, so as to ensure that the third party cannot impersonate Party A to send the information; At the same time, when Party A transmits information to Party B, it is encrypted with Party B's public key and sent to Party B, and then Party B decrypts it with his own private key, so as to ensure that the third party cannot eavesdrop on the communication between the two people. RSA is the most common public key system, but the lliptic curve digital signature algorithm is used in bitcoin protocol. What's the difference between cash and bank account? Bitcoin is an electronic currency in BTC. In this article, it is also used to refer to the whole bitcoin system. Like opening an account in a bank, the corresponding concept in bitcoin is address. Everyone can have one or more bitcoin addresses, which are used to pay and collect money. Each address is a string that starts with 1. For example, I have two bitcoin accounts, and. A bitcoin account is uniquely determined by a pair of public key and private key. To save the account, you only need to save the private key file. Unlike bank accounts, banks keep all transaction records and maintain the book balance of each account, while bitcoin's transaction records are jointly maintained by the whole P2P network through a pre agreed protocol. How much money is in my account address? Although the current account balance can be seen by bitcoin software, unlike banks, there is no place to maintain the book balance of each address. It can only calculate the account balance in real time through all historical transactions. How do I pay? When I pay from address a to address B of the other party, the payment amount is e. at this time, both parties will announce the transaction information to each network node, telling address a to pay to address B, and the payment amount is e. In order to prevent the third party from forging the transaction information, the transaction information will be encrypted with the private key of address A. at this time, the network node receiving the transaction information can use the public key of address a to verify that the transaction information is indeed sent by address a. Of course, trading software will help us do these things, we just need to input the relevant parameters in the software. What will the network node do after receiving the transaction information? This is the most important part of the bitcoin system, which needs to be elaborated. For the sake of simplicity, only bitcoin protocol has been implemented. In the current version, each network node will save all transaction information synchronously. There are two kinds of transaction information in history, one is & quot; Verified & quot; The transaction information, that is, the verified transaction information, is stored in a series of "blocks". Each & quot; block" Is the previous & quot; bock" The ID of each block is the hash code of the hash code of the block and the new transaction information (see an actual block). The other category refers to those who also & quot; Unverified & quot; The transaction information just paid above belongs to this category. When a network node receives new unverified transaction information (possibly more than one), it can calculate the book balance of each address at that time because the node keeps all the transaction information in history, so it can calculate whether the transaction information is valid, that is, whether there is enough balance in the payment account. After eliminating the invalid transaction information, it first takes out the last & quot; block" Then, the unverified transaction information is combined with the ID, and a verification code is added to form a new "block". It needs a lot of calculation to build a new block, because it needs to calculate the verification code, so that the above combination becomes a block, that is, the first several bits of the hash code of the block are 1. At present, the first 13 bits need to be 1 (generally, the specific method is uncertain), which means that if the block is generated by enumeration method, the average number of enumerations is 16 ^ 13. Using CPU resources to generate a block is called "gold mining", because the proction of the block will get a certain reward, and the reward information has been included in the block. When a network node generates a new block, it will broadcast to other network nodes. However, this network block may not be accepted by the network, because it is possible that other network nodes have proced the block earlier. Only the earliest block or the block with the largest number of subsequent blocks is valid, and the remaining blocks are no longer used as the initial blocks of the next block. How does the other party confirm that the payment is successful? When the payment information is distributed to the network node, the network node begins to calculate whether the transaction is valid (that is, whether the account balance is enough to pay), and attempts to generate blocks containing the transaction information. When six blocks (one direct block and five subsequent blocks) contain the transaction information, the transaction information is considered "verified", so that the transaction is formally confirmed, and the other party can confirm the successful payment. A possible problem is that I will pay the balance of address a to address B, and at the same time pay to address C. If I only verify that the single comparison transaction is valid. At this point, my way of cheating is to generate six blocks including B to B and six blocks including C to C before the truth is revealed. Because I need a very long CPU time to generate a block, compared with the whole network, the probability of my cheating success is very small. What is the motivation of network nodes to proce blocks? As can be seen from the above description, in order to make the transaction information effective, the network node needs to generate 1 and 5 subsequent blocks to contain the transaction information, and such block generation is very CPU intensive. How to let other network nodes help to proce blocks as soon as possible? The answer is very simple. The agreement stipulates that BTC will be rewarded for the address where the block is proced, as well as the Commission promised by both parties. At present, the reward for procing a block is 50btc, which will be halved every four years in the future. For example, the reward will be 25btc from 2013 to 2016. Is the transaction anonymous? Yes, and No. All bitcoin transactions are visible. We can check all transaction records of each account, such as mine. But what's different from the banking monetary system is that everyone's account itself is anonymous, and everyone can open many accounts. In general, anonymity is not as good as it claims. But bitcoin has another advantage in doing black market trading: it can't be frozen. Even if the police trace a bitcoin address, there is nothing they can do unless they trace the computer used by the exchange based on the Internet address. How to ensure that bitcoin does not depreciate? Generally speaking, in the case of equivalent trading activities, the value of money is inversely proportional to the amount of money issued. Unlike the traditional money market, the central bank can determine the amount of money issued. Bitcoin does not have a central issuing institution. Only by procing blocks can we get a certain amount of BTC currency. Therefore, bitcoin's new amount of money depends on: 1. The speed of procing blocks: bitcoin's agreement stipulates that the difficulty of procing blocks is fixed at an average of 2016 every two weeks, about 10 minutes. Moore's law of doubling CPU speed every 18 months will not speed up the proction of block. 2. The number of rewards for block proction: at present, 50 BTC is awarded for each block proced, which is halved every four years. In 2013, 25 BTC is awarded, and in 2017, 12.5 BTC is awarded. Considering the above two factors, bitcoin's currency issuing speed is not controlled by any single node in the network. Its protocol makes the currency stock known in advance, and the maximum stock is only 21 million BTC

3.

According to the currency conversion ratio on October 22, 2020, one bitcoin = 86214.10 RMB

compared with fiat money, bitcoin does not have a centralized issuer, but is generated by the calculation of network nodes. Anyone can participate in the manufacture of bitcoin, and it can circulate all over the world. It can be bought and sold on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where they are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin, And in the transaction process, foreigners can not identify the user's identity information

whenever bitcoin comes into the view of mainstream media, mainstream media always ask some mainstream economists to analyze bitcoin. Earlier, these analyses focused on whether bitcoin was a scam. Now the analysis focuses on whether bitcoin can become the mainstream currency in the future. The focus of the debate is often on the deflationary nature of bitcoin

extended information:

purchase method:

users can buy bitcoin, at the same time, they can also use the computer to "mine" bitcoin according to the algorithm. When users "mine" bitcoin, they need to use the computer to search for 64 bit numbers, and then compete with other gold miners by repeatedly solving puzzles to provide the required numbers for the bitcoin network. If the user's computer successfully creates a set of numbers, then they will get 25 bitcoins

e to the decentralized programming adopted by the bitcoin system, only 25 bitcoins can be obtained every 10 minutes, and by 2140, the maximum number of bitcoins in circulation will reach 21 million. In other words, bitcoin system is able to achieve self-sufficiency, resist inflation through coding, and prevent others from destroying these codes

7.

According to the current computing power of the whole network, it takes 54436.5t of computing power to dig a bitcoin 24 hours, that is, one bitcoin a day< it requires 746 mining machines with the latest 73t capacity on the market to work together for 24 hours

the cost of mining mainly includes (mining machine cost / power cost). Now the latest miner is 22650 yuan, a miner consumes 77 kwh per day. At present, the price of mining machinery on the market is about 0.36 yuan, 28 yuan per day. The cost of mining bitcoin = mining machine price (22650)

mining bitcoin requires a professional site "mine" to place mining machines. The construction cost of placing about 3000 mining machines in a small professional mine is about 300 watts

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unable to mine at home

the noise of 60-80 decibels will be proced by the mining machine in the working process. Mining at home is not feasible, the miner needs 24 hours of endless operation, so the temperature of the miner will be very high, the maximum temperature can reach 80 degrees. Therefore, mining needs a good environment to rece the temperature. Household electricity and electricity charges are high, and the cost is higher than the income. In addition, mining has a certain degree of professionalism, professionals need to carry out certain operation and maintenance to ensure the normal operation of the mining machine

the key to rece the mining cost is to purchase mining machines in batches and low electricity charges. Professional mine is built to ensure the operation of mining machinery. At present, the mainstream mining machinery manufacturers are bitcontinental Technology Co., Ltd. in Beijing and Jianan Yun Technology Co., Ltd. in Hangzhou. Mining machinery is proced in the form of appointment in futures. It is difficult for indivials to buy Mining machinery in small quantities on the official website. After years of development, the mining machinery market has formed a complete instrial chain. The price of mining machinery fluctuates with the price of money, and the power resources are basically distributed in the cheap western region. Getting cheap electricity prices requires personal resource advantages

8. The number of addresses holding at least 0.1 bitcoin has reached a new high, approaching 3 million. Generally speaking, holding 0.1 BTC is really the beginning of bitcoin. At present, a bitcoin is worth US $6600, and 0.1 bitcoin is US $660, equivalent to about RMB 4670. You can buy bitcoin at 5 & RLM; 8C‏ Oin intersection & RLM; Yi & RLM; By.

9. The types of trademarks are divided into 45 categories. For each category, there are many small categories. For each small category, there are also many subdivisions. Therefore, in total, there are hundreds or thousands of trademarks

10. Coins and medals belong to group 1403, category 14 of the trademark classification
according to the statistics of the signpost website, 10 trademarks of coins and medals have been registered
how to choose other categories for registration:
1. One trademark is registered (clock and watch, group number: 1404), accounting for 10%
2. One trademark is registered (jewelry, group number: 1403), accounting for 10%
3. One trademark is registered (GEM, group number: 1403), The proportion of registration is up to 10%
4. One trademark is registered (precious metal crafts and decorative articles, group number: 1403), and the proportion of registration is up to 10%
5. One trademark is registered (jewelry, group number: 1403), and the proportion of registration is up to 10%
6. One trademark is registered (timing instrument, group number: 1404), The proportion of registration is up to 10%
7. One trademark is registered (precious metal box, group number: 1402), and the proportion of registration is up to 10%
8. One trademark is registered (precious metal and its alloy, group number: 1401), and the proportion of registration is up to 10%
9. One trademark is registered (pearl, group number: 1403), The registration rate is 10%
10. There is one trademark selected for registration (jewelry box, group number: 1402), and the registration rate is 10%