BTC resonance
Publish: 2021-04-26 18:46:27
1. Yes, in fact, most of the rise or fall of digital assets depends on the news. It depends on the technology to judge the rise or fall. It can only be judged when the news is basically calm. In the case of frequent news, you can't judge accurately. The news will cause interference to you
2. Girls are relatively rare, the ratio of men and women is 9:1. And although ankylosing spondylitis has certain heredity, it is not a genetic disease, so even if the test hlb-27 is positive, as long as you usually pay attention to observe whether she has symptoms, ankylosing spondylitis key is early detection and early treatment, three points of treatment and seven points of maintenance, generally does not affect life
3. Don't lose heart. Everyone has the right to seek happiness. If you meet someone who loves you, she won't care about your illness. As long as you really care about her, she will accompany you to the end of time. So, come on, I wish you happiness!
4. You'd better go to a regular hospital to take an X-ray and make a diagnosis,
to see if there is any damage to the meniscus.
to see if there is any damage to the meniscus.
5. Ankylosing spondylitis (as) is also known as rheumatoid spondylitis. This disease is an aggressive inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues of the spine. Generally, sacroiliac joint is invaded first, and then, e to the development of the disease, the lumbar spine, thoracic spine and cervical spine are graally involved, and the small joint space is blurred, the fusion disappears, the vertebral osteoporosis is destroyed, and the ligaments are ossified, resulting in spinal ankylosis or hunchback fixation. The main symptoms were pain and limited activity. It is a common disease of unknown etiology
symptoms:
the onset is slow, the systemic symptoms are mild, and there may be fatigue in the early stage, the signs are relieved, or nausea, fever, etc. Graally appear low back pain, muscle spasm and stiffness, symptoms often worsen after rest, rece after activity. After that, typical sacroiliac joint pain graally appeared, and the spine was involved upward. The affected parts were painful, tender, stiff, limited in movement, and flexion deformity graally appeared. The symptoms were increased in cloudy days or after fatigue, and relieved in warm days or after rest. Recurrent iritis often coexists, and some patients may have sciatica. If the lesion affects the costal vertebral joint, there may also be limited or loss of chest expansion ring breathing and intercostal neuralgia
in late stage patients with spinal ankylosis in abnormal position, neck and waist can't rotate, and the whole body must rotate when looking sideways, which can lead to serious hunchback deformity and can't look forward. Sometimes the disease can also affect the hip and knee joints, and when the hip joint is involved, it shows a swing gait. With the bone ankylosis, pain and other symptoms of the affected parts graally disappear, leaving a lifelong deformity
what is ankylosing spondylitis?
symptoms:
the onset is slow, the systemic symptoms are mild, and there may be fatigue in the early stage, the signs are relieved, or nausea, fever, etc. Graally appear low back pain, muscle spasm and stiffness, symptoms often worsen after rest, rece after activity. After that, typical sacroiliac joint pain graally appeared, and the spine was involved upward. The affected parts were painful, tender, stiff, limited in movement, and flexion deformity graally appeared. The symptoms were increased in cloudy days or after fatigue, and relieved in warm days or after rest. Recurrent iritis often coexists, and some patients may have sciatica. If the lesion affects the costal vertebral joint, there may also be limited or loss of chest expansion ring breathing and intercostal neuralgia
in late stage patients with spinal ankylosis in abnormal position, neck and waist can't rotate, and the whole body must rotate when looking sideways, which can lead to serious hunchback deformity and can't look forward. Sometimes the disease can also affect the hip and knee joints, and when the hip joint is involved, it shows a swing gait. With the bone ankylosis, pain and other symptoms of the affected parts graally disappear, leaving a lifelong deformity
what is ankylosing spondylitis?
6. Acyl chloride is an important carboxylic acid derivative, which has important applications in organic synthesis, drug synthesis, etc. It mainly includes hydrolysis, alcoholysis, ammonolysis, reaction with organic metal reagent, primary reaction α Hydrogen halogenation and other reactions acyl chloride splashing acylation reagent limit structure resonance hybrid species resonance effect stability enhancement carbonyl carbon and free group bond resonance effect species stability effect depends on the bond original orbital cross cover acyl chloride is affected by species resonance energy species resonance need carbon 2p orbital and chlorine 3P orbital cross cover two kinds of orbital same cross cover CL structure (Ⅱ) contribution acyl chloride is stabilized e to resonance effect Acyl chloride splashing acylation reagent some carboxylic acids can carry out or non slow reaction. Carboxylic acid can proce acyl chloride to improve the reactivity yield. At present, SOCl2, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride and triphosgene are used to prepare acyl chloride. In this paper, 1 dichlorosulfoxide 1.1 dichlorosulfoxide acyl chloride can be prepared by using fatty acids (including saturated fatty acids), aromatic acids, organic sulfonic acids (amino acids, halogenated acids, etc.) as catalyst N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, Generally, N-dimethylaniline pyridine reacts with catalyst first, and then reacts with carboxylic acid. Acyl chloride (1) trimethylacetic acid lactam reacts with thionyl chloride. The yield of trimethylacetyl chloride is 96% (CH3) 3ccooh → (SOCl2 lactam) → (CH3) 3cocl (2) (m) benzenedicarboxylic acid thionyl chloride. Two kinds of procts are mainly used for organic synthesis, and plasticizers are widely used at present Diisooctyl phthalate (DOTP) diisooctyl phthalate raw material (3) o-chlorobenzoic acid thionyl chloride reaction o-chlorobenzoyl chloride this proct is mainly used for organic synthesis and pharmaceutical dyestuff synthesis (4) butyl (heptyl, octyl, decanoic) acid thionyl chloride reaction to prepare butyl (heptyl, octyl, decanoic) acid Four procts are used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates CH3 (CH2) ncooh → (SOCl2) → CH3 (CH2) ncocln = 4-20 (5) stearic acid chlorinated sulfoxide to proce stearic acid chloride. They are used in the synthesis of skincare procts bisstearic acid kojic acid ester to prepare papermaking instrial sizing agent - AKD (6) organic sulfonic acid catalyst. The sulfonyl chloride is prepared by the reaction with thionyl chloride Sulfonic acid sodium reacts directly with thionyl chloride sulfonyl chloride 1.2 advantages and disadvantages of preparing acyl chloride by thionyl chloride; In addition, the proction cost of sulfoxide chloride is high and the corrosion of equipment is serious. 2. The reaction of phosphorus trichloride (1) propionic acid and phosphorus trichloride is propionyl chloride. The reaction formula is ch3ch2cooh → (PCl3) → ch3ch2cocl. Propionyl ammonia is mainly used in combination with anticonvulsant drugs such as Metoprol, cholesterol, etc (2) reaction of lauric acid with phosphorus trichloride lauroyl chloride reaction: 3c11h23cooh + PCl3 → 3c11h23cocl + h3po3 this proct is used for the synthesis of sodium dodecyl lauroyl amino acid acetals (3) reaction of oleic acid with phosphorus trichloride to proce oleoyl chloride reaction: CH3 (CH2) 7 (CH2) 7coohpcl3ch3 (CH2) 7 (CH2) 7cocl & gt; C=C=C< Hhnaohhh this proct is mainly used in the detergent LS (c25h40nnao5s) 204 for the preparation of organic compounds. It is used to prepare acyl chloride from phosphorus trichloride. It is suitable for the preparation of low boiling point acyl chloride reaction. Phosphite is easy to volatilize and evaporate acyl chloride 3. Phosphorus pentachloride (1) oxalic acid reaction to prepare oxalyl chloride reaction: coohpcl5cocl ∣ →∣ + 2pocl3 + hclcoohcocl. The pharmaceutical surface of this proct is used as antibiotic raw material and used as methacryloyl isocyanate (2) succinic acid reacts with phosphorus pentachloride to form succinyl chloride: ch2coohpcl5ch2cocl ∣ →∣ + POCl3 + h2och2coohch2cocl this proct is used for synthesis of antiepileptic and antispasmodic drugs succinylcholine chloride resin intermediate phosphorus pentachloride is suitable for preparation of high boiling point acyl chloride, POCl3 evaporated, 4 triphosgene triphosgene, high melting point, low volatility and low toxicity, even if boiling point Only a small amount of instrial toxic substances need to be treated and participate in the chemical reaction, with high selectivity and high yield. It is safe and convenient to use, and easy to transport and store medicines, pesticides It is widely used in the synthesis of related chemical procts that phosgene or biphosgene is completely replaced by high-quality materials in mechanochemical instry. 4.1 ring the application, 5 carboxylic acids are chlorinated with triphosgene (1) c6h5-ch2cooh + 1 / 3btc → (dmf60 ℃) → c6h5-ch2cocl + CO2 + HCl in 71% yield (2) ch3-c6h4-cooh + 1 / 3btc → (dmfch2cl2) → ch3-c6h4 + cocl4.2- 5-chloroformyloxy-isopeptidyl chloride (CFIC) was prepared by triphosgene reaction with hydroxyisophthalic acid composite catalyst. The yield of CFIC was 42.3%, which was 9.7% and 27.7% higher than that of DuPont hydraulics patent, The yield of 3-dichloroquinoline-6-carboxyacyl chloride is 80%. 5 kinds of oxalyl chloride are used for acylation of acids and amines to prepare pesticides, fungicides, pharmaceutical antineoplastic agents, X-ray contrast agents, etc The transportation and storage of phosgene are dangerous. The transportation and storage of phosgene are safer than phosgene. It is a kind of highly toxic and pungent liquid It is still dangerous to store. 6.3 the reaction of carbohydrates with CCl4 often requires the preparation of acyl chloride. The yield of acyl chloride is usually low in the traditional way. However, the preparation of acyl chloride with CCl4 triphenylphosphine system has a good yield. The reaction mechanism is: (C6H5) 3P + CCl4 → (C6H5) 3 + pccl3cl - Ⅰ + rcooh → rcoo + P (C6H5) 3 + hccl3 Ⅱ → rcocl + (C6H5) 3PO Comparison of the use efficiency of acid sensitive compounds in acid substances such as SO2 6.4 Hexachloroacetone Although the preparation of acyl chloride has been widely used, it plays a decisive role in the development of synthesis.
is there any by-proct of acyl chloride made from acid in esterification
is there any by-proct of acyl chloride made from acid in esterification
7. Introction to atr-spr system
1. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a photoelectric phenomenon, which has the advantages of high sensitivity and label free when applied to quantitative measurement of refractive index (refractive index meter) of optical thin films. It is superior to common fluorescent detection technology and chromatography, It can be used in chemical and biological detection, including chemical gas detection, wastewater solution, pollution monitoring, immunomedicine and so on. 2. The typical SPR design is shown in Figure 1. A 50 nm gold or silver film (3) is plated on an inclined plane (2) of the prism (1). A monochromatic coherent light source (4, TM mode) is incident on all other surfaces and on the interface between metal (2) and prism (1) at different incident angles< br />
1. Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) is an optic&photonic pheonmenon to be used for constant molecule measurement of refraction index unit( RIU, RU) of optical film, which is measured by RIU meter. SPR system has very high senstivity ,label-free character , and can dynamically research the surface-molecule interaction kinetics. SPR system is applied to examination and measurement of chemical and biological molecule, which includes chemical gas examination and measurement , waste water solution, pollution control, mutation medicine, and so on. 2.The custom SPR design is like picture 1. One plate(1.2) of the prism(1.1) is covered with electrolyzed Au/Ag film. The simple and constantly frequent light source (1.4), TM mode, is the incident light. The simple and constantly frequent light enter one plate of the prism-typed all total reflection SPR(ATR-SPR). It' s reflected by the interface between the substrate and bottom of the prism. Because of the change of the index of surface, the reflected light has different reflected angle. And with different incident angle, The light inclusions on the surface between the metallic film (1.2) and the prism (1.1)
surface enhanced Raman spectros (SERS)
is to form Periodic holes (air holes) on the silicon wafer with yellow light etched mask in the way of photonic crystal (structure color), Because of a specific structure, photonic crystal has the effect of enhancing reflection on several specific wavelengths (photonic crystal spectrum). When several specific wavelengths enhance the reflection, you can see a specific color visually. Then, the surface of photonic crystal is plated with gold film. The thickness of the film is mainly set. The thickness of the film will only enhance reflection on specific wavelengths, It makes the effect of photonic crystal more obvious, so it is called surface coating enhanced photonic crystal Raman spectros.
Raman scattering spectrum
by comparing the spectrum of incident light with the spectrum of reflected light, the vibrational energy of molecular bond vibration, the 3RT / 2 dynamic energy of molecular dynamics at room temperature, and the 3RT / 2 dynamic energy of gas dynamics, Generally speaking, the molar heat is 3R / 2 = 12.465 J / mole for monatomic molecule and 5R / 2 = 20.775 J / mole for diatomic molecule. Only at high temperature can the vibrational energy of molecular bonding vibration be obvious (0.1% reaction at room temperature, the proportion of vibrational energy increases with the increase of temperature), At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, only 10 ^ - 6 photons of the incident light will be scattered by the molecules that touch the reactants, and 99.9% of the scattered light is Rayleigh scattering with constant energy, 0.1% is Raman scattering with energy change, and the changed energy is the vibrational energy of the molecular bond vibration, Different Raman scattering spectra are formed by different molecular bonds, which can be used as data for qualitative and quantitative analysis of different molecules, and are widely used in various aspects.
by measuring the intensity of reflected light (1.5), the functional relationship between reflected light intensity and incident angle can be determined. Draw this SPR spectrum, there will be a very low reflectivity at a specific angle As shown in Figure 2) 3. Under the condition of fixed wavelength, temperature and metal (1.2) thickness, this specific angle is only related to the refractive index of the homogeneous medium to be measured in the flow chamber (1.3): if the refractive index increases, the angle will increase, such as the curve shown in Figure 2. The change of effective refractive index can be used to calculate the concentration of analyte in the fluid. 4. Nano scale rough metal layer (1.2) was fabricated by CO sputtering of SiO2 + AU to proce surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. A fiber (1.7) with a collimator (1.9) is used to collect the scattered light near the SPR generator. The scattered light is filtered by the notch filter, and the rest of the Raman scattering light is guided to the portable spectrometer (B & W, btc1000) by the fiber. The signal of the spectrometer is encoded by 12bits, transmitted by USB2.0 interface and recorded on the notebook computer
5. With self-developed windows interface software and hardware, the system can automatically measure the SPR spectrum and calculate the SPR angle with the minimum reflectivity. 6. The temperature error is controlled less than 0.01 degree by using thermoelectric coupling (1.8) and self-designed temperature control circuit. Assuming that the thickness of fluid (with homogeneity) is much larger than that of gold film, the error of effective refractive index is less than 5 * 10-7riu. The minimum concentration of this system is about 1Pg / mm2, 0.01 degree. 7, It takes about 30 seconds to estimate the effective refractive index of a corresponding fluid from the experimental data, which is much longer than the interaction time between common chemical molecules and surfaces, such as probe DNA and 1 μ The hybridization time of M target DNA was about 50 ~ 60 minutes. Therefore, this system can monitor the dynamic reaction between molecules and surface. 8. In addition to the concentration of analyte, the measured effective refractive index may also be related to the deformation of molecular structure
in addition, when probe DNA and 1 μ Therefore, the change of effective refractive index is not only related to the change of fluid concentration, but also related to the above two factors. 9. The measurement of Raman spectrum can judge whether the molecular structure is changed or not, and rece an influence variable. Through the comparison of the molecular spectrum database stored in the computer, the existence of specific molecules (such as viruses, micro poisons, etc.) can be detected in real time. 10. Portable spectrum & SPR sensor extends the function of commercial SPR sensor, and has more multi-function and mobility, such as real-time detection of trace biochemical warfare agents in biochemical battlefield, anthrax against terrorist molecules, etc. Portable SPR system features, 1. Linear CCD angle measurement, 2. System resolution ~ 10-3 (5 / 3648 pixel = 1.37 * 10-3), 3. Suitable for gas / water system, 4. Small portability (320 * 190 * 125.5mm), 5. Low cost, 6. USB NOTEBOOK connection system
never seen it
1. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a photoelectric phenomenon, which has the advantages of high sensitivity and label free when applied to quantitative measurement of refractive index (refractive index meter) of optical thin films. It is superior to common fluorescent detection technology and chromatography, It can be used in chemical and biological detection, including chemical gas detection, wastewater solution, pollution monitoring, immunomedicine and so on. 2. The typical SPR design is shown in Figure 1. A 50 nm gold or silver film (3) is plated on an inclined plane (2) of the prism (1). A monochromatic coherent light source (4, TM mode) is incident on all other surfaces and on the interface between metal (2) and prism (1) at different incident angles< br />
1. Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) is an optic&photonic pheonmenon to be used for constant molecule measurement of refraction index unit( RIU, RU) of optical film, which is measured by RIU meter. SPR system has very high senstivity ,label-free character , and can dynamically research the surface-molecule interaction kinetics. SPR system is applied to examination and measurement of chemical and biological molecule, which includes chemical gas examination and measurement , waste water solution, pollution control, mutation medicine, and so on. 2.The custom SPR design is like picture 1. One plate(1.2) of the prism(1.1) is covered with electrolyzed Au/Ag film. The simple and constantly frequent light source (1.4), TM mode, is the incident light. The simple and constantly frequent light enter one plate of the prism-typed all total reflection SPR(ATR-SPR). It' s reflected by the interface between the substrate and bottom of the prism. Because of the change of the index of surface, the reflected light has different reflected angle. And with different incident angle, The light inclusions on the surface between the metallic film (1.2) and the prism (1.1)
surface enhanced Raman spectros (SERS)
is to form Periodic holes (air holes) on the silicon wafer with yellow light etched mask in the way of photonic crystal (structure color), Because of a specific structure, photonic crystal has the effect of enhancing reflection on several specific wavelengths (photonic crystal spectrum). When several specific wavelengths enhance the reflection, you can see a specific color visually. Then, the surface of photonic crystal is plated with gold film. The thickness of the film is mainly set. The thickness of the film will only enhance reflection on specific wavelengths, It makes the effect of photonic crystal more obvious, so it is called surface coating enhanced photonic crystal Raman spectros.
Raman scattering spectrum
by comparing the spectrum of incident light with the spectrum of reflected light, the vibrational energy of molecular bond vibration, the 3RT / 2 dynamic energy of molecular dynamics at room temperature, and the 3RT / 2 dynamic energy of gas dynamics, Generally speaking, the molar heat is 3R / 2 = 12.465 J / mole for monatomic molecule and 5R / 2 = 20.775 J / mole for diatomic molecule. Only at high temperature can the vibrational energy of molecular bonding vibration be obvious (0.1% reaction at room temperature, the proportion of vibrational energy increases with the increase of temperature), At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, only 10 ^ - 6 photons of the incident light will be scattered by the molecules that touch the reactants, and 99.9% of the scattered light is Rayleigh scattering with constant energy, 0.1% is Raman scattering with energy change, and the changed energy is the vibrational energy of the molecular bond vibration, Different Raman scattering spectra are formed by different molecular bonds, which can be used as data for qualitative and quantitative analysis of different molecules, and are widely used in various aspects.
by measuring the intensity of reflected light (1.5), the functional relationship between reflected light intensity and incident angle can be determined. Draw this SPR spectrum, there will be a very low reflectivity at a specific angle As shown in Figure 2) 3. Under the condition of fixed wavelength, temperature and metal (1.2) thickness, this specific angle is only related to the refractive index of the homogeneous medium to be measured in the flow chamber (1.3): if the refractive index increases, the angle will increase, such as the curve shown in Figure 2. The change of effective refractive index can be used to calculate the concentration of analyte in the fluid. 4. Nano scale rough metal layer (1.2) was fabricated by CO sputtering of SiO2 + AU to proce surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. A fiber (1.7) with a collimator (1.9) is used to collect the scattered light near the SPR generator. The scattered light is filtered by the notch filter, and the rest of the Raman scattering light is guided to the portable spectrometer (B & W, btc1000) by the fiber. The signal of the spectrometer is encoded by 12bits, transmitted by USB2.0 interface and recorded on the notebook computer
5. With self-developed windows interface software and hardware, the system can automatically measure the SPR spectrum and calculate the SPR angle with the minimum reflectivity. 6. The temperature error is controlled less than 0.01 degree by using thermoelectric coupling (1.8) and self-designed temperature control circuit. Assuming that the thickness of fluid (with homogeneity) is much larger than that of gold film, the error of effective refractive index is less than 5 * 10-7riu. The minimum concentration of this system is about 1Pg / mm2, 0.01 degree. 7, It takes about 30 seconds to estimate the effective refractive index of a corresponding fluid from the experimental data, which is much longer than the interaction time between common chemical molecules and surfaces, such as probe DNA and 1 μ The hybridization time of M target DNA was about 50 ~ 60 minutes. Therefore, this system can monitor the dynamic reaction between molecules and surface. 8. In addition to the concentration of analyte, the measured effective refractive index may also be related to the deformation of molecular structure
in addition, when probe DNA and 1 μ Therefore, the change of effective refractive index is not only related to the change of fluid concentration, but also related to the above two factors. 9. The measurement of Raman spectrum can judge whether the molecular structure is changed or not, and rece an influence variable. Through the comparison of the molecular spectrum database stored in the computer, the existence of specific molecules (such as viruses, micro poisons, etc.) can be detected in real time. 10. Portable spectrum & SPR sensor extends the function of commercial SPR sensor, and has more multi-function and mobility, such as real-time detection of trace biochemical warfare agents in biochemical battlefield, anthrax against terrorist molecules, etc. Portable SPR system features, 1. Linear CCD angle measurement, 2. System resolution ~ 10-3 (5 / 3648 pixel = 1.37 * 10-3), 3. Suitable for gas / water system, 4. Small portability (320 * 190 * 125.5mm), 5. Low cost, 6. USB NOTEBOOK connection system
never seen it
8. Bags are expected to sell
9. Three dimensional structure
triphosgene
Properties of Triphosgene:
triphosgene is also known as solid gas, chemical name is bis (Trichloromethyl) carbonate, English name is bis (triehloromethyl) carbon or triphosgene
triphosgene is a white crystal with a smell similar to phosgene
molecular formula c3cl6o3
molecular weight 296.75
CAS No. 32315-10-9< The melting point is 81-83 ℃< The boiling point is 203-206 ℃< The solid density is 1.759/em3< The melting density is 1.6299/em
strong stability, only a small amount of decomposition at boiling point, resulting in trichloromethyl chloroformate and phosgene
solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in ether, THF, benzene, cyclohexane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, ethanol and other organic solvents
one molecule solid triphosgene can be decomposed into three molecule gas phosgene. Compared with gas phosgene, it has the advantages of transportation, safe use, convenient measurement, reverse dropping reaction, and the reaction is close to equal equivalence. In instry, it is only treated as a general toxic substance. It can replace phosgene or diphosgene in medicine, pesticide, organic chemical instry and polymer synthesis
the initial decomposition temperature of solid phosgene is 130 ℃, and it begins to decompose at 90 ℃ in a humid atmosphere. It should be stored in a dry and cool place, away from fire source, and separated from organic amines
its physical properties were reported in 1887, but its crystal structure was not reported until 1971. Its crystal structure is single crystal, and its crystal parameters are a = 9.824 10-om, B = 8.87 x10-om, C = 11.245xio-om. m. The crystal angle of Triphosgene is about 91.70.
when triphosgene is distilled at atmospheric pressure, a small amount of decomposition occurs, resulting in phosgene and trichloromethyl chloroformate. Studies have shown that triphosgene can be safely quantitatively decomposed into phosgene [7J] in the presence of chloride ions, which solves the problem that phosgene can not be accurately measured in the reaction process< The reaction equation is as follows:
triphosgene was synthesized by chlorination of DMC and chlorine under the initiation of light, heat or initiator. The chlorination reaction is a free radical chain reaction, NMR study showed that chlorination was carried out step by step
uses: used for synthesis of chloroformate, isocyanate, polycarbonate and acyl chloride.
triphosgene
Properties of Triphosgene:
triphosgene is also known as solid gas, chemical name is bis (Trichloromethyl) carbonate, English name is bis (triehloromethyl) carbon or triphosgene
triphosgene is a white crystal with a smell similar to phosgene
molecular formula c3cl6o3
molecular weight 296.75
CAS No. 32315-10-9< The melting point is 81-83 ℃< The boiling point is 203-206 ℃< The solid density is 1.759/em3< The melting density is 1.6299/em
strong stability, only a small amount of decomposition at boiling point, resulting in trichloromethyl chloroformate and phosgene
solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in ether, THF, benzene, cyclohexane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, ethanol and other organic solvents
one molecule solid triphosgene can be decomposed into three molecule gas phosgene. Compared with gas phosgene, it has the advantages of transportation, safe use, convenient measurement, reverse dropping reaction, and the reaction is close to equal equivalence. In instry, it is only treated as a general toxic substance. It can replace phosgene or diphosgene in medicine, pesticide, organic chemical instry and polymer synthesis
the initial decomposition temperature of solid phosgene is 130 ℃, and it begins to decompose at 90 ℃ in a humid atmosphere. It should be stored in a dry and cool place, away from fire source, and separated from organic amines
its physical properties were reported in 1887, but its crystal structure was not reported until 1971. Its crystal structure is single crystal, and its crystal parameters are a = 9.824 10-om, B = 8.87 x10-om, C = 11.245xio-om. m. The crystal angle of Triphosgene is about 91.70.
when triphosgene is distilled at atmospheric pressure, a small amount of decomposition occurs, resulting in phosgene and trichloromethyl chloroformate. Studies have shown that triphosgene can be safely quantitatively decomposed into phosgene [7J] in the presence of chloride ions, which solves the problem that phosgene can not be accurately measured in the reaction process< The reaction equation is as follows:
triphosgene was synthesized by chlorination of DMC and chlorine under the initiation of light, heat or initiator. The chlorination reaction is a free radical chain reaction, NMR study showed that chlorination was carried out step by step
uses: used for synthesis of chloroformate, isocyanate, polycarbonate and acyl chloride.
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