The storage unit of bitcoin
The total number of bitcoins is 21 million
in 2009, when bitcoin was born, block reward was 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25
when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million
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monetary characteristics
1. Decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, and the whole network is composed of users without a central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Global circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5, no hidden cost: as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay
6. Cross platform mining: users can explore the computing power of different hardware on many platforms
The earliest is a kind of network virtual currency. It is characterized by decentralization, anonymity, and can only be used in the digital world. It does not belong to any country or financial institution, and is not subject to geographical restrictions. It can be exchanged anywhere in the world. Therefore, it is used as a money laundering tool by some criminals. In 2013, the U.S. government recognized the legal status of bitcoin, making the price of bitcoin soar
< H2 > extended information:bitcoin is e-cash similar to e-mail. Both parties need "bitcoin wallet" similar to e-mail and "bitcoin address" similar to e-mail address. Just like sending and receiving e-mail, the remitter pays bitcoin directly to the other party through a computer or smart phone according to the recipient's address
starting from the essence of bitcoin, the essence of bitcoin is actually a special solution generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique
many websites for technology players have begun to accept bitcoin transactions. Websites such as mtgox and btcchina, as well as some Taobao stores, can even accept services such as bitcoin exchange for us dollars and euro. There is no doubt that bitcoin has become a real currency in circulation, rather than a virtual currency like Tencent Q coin
secondly, however, there is a smaller threshold for the total number of "smart": the largest possible integer that can be represented in floating-point format. Integers are not the only numbers that computers can store; To deal with decimals, computers & gt; Use a format for floating point representation. Floating point notation is essentially a binary version of scientific notation. For example, here is a value you will encounter when you study physics:
mass of the earth: 5.972 1024 kg
mass of the sun: 1.989 1030 kg
speed of light: 2.998 108 M / s
light year: 9.460 1015 m
mass of proton: 1.672 10-27 kg
Planck length: 1.616 10-35 m
we can notice that, How does scientific notation allow you to represent all of these values with reasonable accuracy, even though they vary greatly in size. Floating point notation is essentially a binary scientific notation; When you store numbers & gt; When the word is 9.625, what your computer stores is "1.001101
* 1011" (in other words, it stores 0100000000100011
& gt; This is the same thing with high-precision sequence form). In this high-precision form, the coefficient (that is, the part that is not the exponent) has 52 bits. This means high precision (more refined & gt; Double precision floating point number is enough to store up to 253 numbers, but it can't be any higher. If it exceeds 253, you have to start cutting off the numbers at the end. Bitcoin's 250.9, the total number of "smart" in the form of index, is just & gt; OK, below this maximum
if we have integers, why should we care about floating-point values? Because more high-level programming languages (such as JavaScript) do not open low-level "floating point" and "integer representation", but only provide "number" representation for programmers; Concepts
– of course, in floating-point form. If Nakamoto chose 210 million instead of 21 million at that time, bitcoin programming in many languages would be much more troublesome than it is now
note that Stefan Thomas unfortunately didn't notice this in time when he wrote bitcoinjs, so that the library used a special "big number big
number" object instead of an ordinary number to store the tutorial output value; My own bifurcated bitcoin JS (along with other improvements) uses ordinary numbers.
you can record the whole video of the game and record the transaction process.
2 ` if I don't give the player the dream coin, but I give it, what should I do
it's a good thing to be more human, not bad
the hoe is on the left side of the light in brown crystal mine entrance
then dig gold ore in brown gold mine cave
finally enter brown crystal mine through the game of Crystal Palace in brown mine entrance. Dig crystal ore on the crystal stone in the lower right corner. The big black stone in the lower right corner of brown mine entrance can be g three times a day, Then go to the Labrang gold mine, and the gold on the right side of the door can also be g three times a day. Then go to the purple stone in the lower right corner of the Labrang crystal mine, and you can also dig three times a day. Hope to adopt
Bitcoin (bitcoin: bitcoin) is a kind of network virtual currency, which can buy real-life goods. It is characterized by decentralization, anonymity, and can only be used in the digital world. It does not belong to any country or financial institution, and is not subject to geographical restrictions. It can be exchanged anywhere in the world. Therefore, it is used as a money laundering tool by some criminals. In 2013, the U.S. government recognized the legal status of bitcoin, making the price of bitcoin soar. In China, on November 19, 2013, a bitcoin was equivalent to 6989 yuan
on January 7, 2014, Taobao announced that it would ban the sale of Internet virtual currencies such as bitcoin and lightcoin from January 14. On February 26, 2014, Democratic Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia issued an open letter to several regulatory departments of the federal government of the United States, hoping that relevant institutions would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and demanded that actions be taken as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency. On January 11, 2017), the Shanghai headquarters of the people's Bank of China and the Shanghai Municipal Finance Office carried out on-site inspection of bitcoin China, focusing on whether the enterprise carried out credit, payment, exchange and other related businesses without permission or license; Implementation of anti money laundering system; Fund security risks, etc. On January 12, 2017, the business management department of the people's Bank of China also entered the trading platforms such as "fire coin net" and "currency bank" in Beijing
on May 12, 2017, a global outbreak of bitcoin virus madly attacked public and commercial systems! Nearly 74 countries in the world have been seriously attacked
from August 1, 2017, global bitcoin trading platform will suspend recharge and withdrawal services. Bitcoin China digital asset trading platform will stop new user registration on September 14, and all trading businesses will be stopped on September 30
The smallest unit of bitcoin is Cong
in addition to Cong, bitcoin also has other units: bitfen, millibit and microbit. Where 1 BTC = 100 CBTC = 1000 mbtc = 1 million μ BTC = 100 million
bitcoin is similar to e-cash of e-mail, and both parties need "bitcoin wallet" similar to e-mail and "bitcoin address" similar to e-mail address. Just like sending and receiving e-mail, the remitter pays bitcoin directly to the other party through a computer or smart phone according to the recipient's address
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starting from the essence of bitcoin, the essence of bitcoin is actually the special solution generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. A special solution is one of the finite solutions of a system of equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique
in the metaphor of banknotes, bitcoin is the number of the top word of a banknote. If you know the number of the top word on a banknote, you have the banknote. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of the equation system through huge amount of calculation. The equation system is designed to have only 21 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 21 million
Bitcoin core wallet is the most complete and secure wallet on the market, and it is also the earliest bitcoin client. However, e to the huge volume of blockchain data file (blockchain) that needs to be loaded in the proct and slow startup, it will be troublesome for novices to start
bitcoin wallet
a wallet usually has multiple private keys, and many bitcoin investors also have multiple wallets. Wallets can be placed on computers and / or mobile devices, on physical storage devices, or even on paper
e-wallet - e-wallet can be downloaded software or hosted in the cloud. The former is just a format file that exists on your computer or device to facilitate transactions. Hosted (cloud based) wallets usually have a more user-friendly interface, but you will trust a third party with a private key
software Wallet - installing a wallet directly on your computer can provide you with the security of your control key. Most have relatively simple configurations and are free. The disadvantage is that they do require more maintenance in the form of backup. If your computer is stolen or damaged, and your private key is not stored elsewhere, you will lose bitcoin
Mobile Wallet - mobile wallet can be used as an application for smart phones, especially if you want to pay with bitcoin in the store or buy and sell on the road. All of the online wallets mentioned above and most of the desktop wallets have mobile versions, while others (such as Abra, airbitz and bread) are created with mobility in mind
Hardware wallets - hardware wallets are small devices that are sometimes connected to the network for bitcoin transactions. They are very secure because they are usually offline and therefore cannot be hacked. However, they may be stolen or lost along with bitcoin belonging to the stored private key. Some large investors keep their hardware wallets in secure locations, such as bank vaults. Trezor, keepkey and ledger and the case are obvious examples
paper wallets - perhaps the simplest of all wallets, these are all paper with the private key and public key of the bitcoin address printed on it. These wallets are ideal for long-term storage (obviously, away from fire and water) or as a gift of bitcoin, because they are not connected to the network, so they are more secure. However, they are more likely to be lost
with services like walletgenerator, you can easily create new addresses and print your wallet on the printer. Fold, seal, and you're done. Send some bitcoin to the address and store or distribute it safely
the Xueshuo innovation blockchain Technology Workstation of Lianqiao ecation online is the only approved "blockchain Technology Specialty" pilot workstation of "smart learning workshop 2020 Xueshuo innovation workstation" launched by the school planning, construction and development center of the Ministry of ecation of China. Based on providing diversified growth paths for students, the professional station promotes the reform of the training mode of the combination of professional degree research, proction, learning and research, and constructs the applied and compound talent training system