What disease does BTC represent in medicine

1.

Cancer

in medicine, cancer is a kind of malignant tumor originated from epithelial tissue, which is the most common type of malignant tumor. Correspondingly, malignant tumors originated from mesenchymal tissue are collectively referred to as sarcomas. A few malignant tumors are not named according to the above principles, such as nephroblastoma, malignant teratoma, etc. Generally speaking, "cancer" refers to all malignant tumors

cancer has the biological characteristics of abnormal cell differentiation and proliferation, uncontrolled growth, invasion and metastasis. Its occurrence is a multi factor and multi-step complex process, which can be divided into three processes: carcinogenesis, cancer promotion and evolution. It is closely related to smoking, infection, occupational exposure, environmental pollution, unreasonable diet and genetic factors

extended data:

endogenous factors of cancer

(1) the tumors directly inherited by genetic factors are only a few uncommon tumors. The role of genetic factors in most tumorigenesis is to increase the tendency of tumorigenesis and the susceptibility to carcinogens, namely the so-called genetic susceptibility, including chromosomal instability, tumor metastasis, tumor metastasis and so-called genetic susceptibility Gene instability and microsatellite instability. For example, most patients with familial adenomatous polyps of colon have colorectal cancer after 40 years old because of APC gene mutation in embryonic cells; BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 mutations are associated with breast cancer, with an incidence of more than 80%

(2) congenital or acquired immunodeficiency of immune factors is prone to malignant tumors, such as patients with gamma protein deficiency are prone to leukemia and lymphohematopoietic system tumors, and the incidence of malignant tumors in AIDS patients is significantly higher. However, most malignant tumors occur in people with "normal" immune function. The main reason is that tumors can escape the surveillance of the immune system and destroy the body's immune system. The mechanism is not completely clear

(3) endocrine factors the abnormal hormone level in the body is one of the tumor incing factors, such as estrogen and prolactin are related to breast cancer, growth hormone can stimulate the development of cancer

2. HCG is the medical chorionic gonadotropin IGF-1, known as "growth promoting factor" peep (positive end expiratory pressure), which is a type of ventilation in which the mechanical ventilator proces positive pressure in the inspiratory phase, gas enters the lung, and the airway pressure remains higher than atmospheric pressure when the airway is open at the end of expiration. Indomethacin can relieve pain and swelling in patients with arthritis. ② Soft tissue injury and inflammation; ③ Antipyretic; ④ Other: for the treatment of migraine, dysmenorrhea, postoperative pain, posttraumatic pain, etc. Blood HCG test by measuring the HCG value in women's blood to determine whether a woman is pregnant.

3. As you said, if it's IGT, it's impaired glucose tolerance. If it's IGF-1, it's a growth regulator.

4. TB is tuberculosis
CA is tumor and cancer

5. Diagnostics, 7th Edition, people's Health Publishing House, page 16-71 is the basis of symptomatology, which is divided into 26 categories
it is tiring to answer this question completely

6.

TB is the abbreviation for Mycobacterium tuberculosis or tuberculosis

TB is the abbreviation of tubercle bacillus

tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can affect many organs of the whole body, but tuberculosis is the most common. The pathological features of this disease are tuberculous nole and caseous necrosis, easy to form cavities. Clinically, most of them are chronic, and a few of them may be acute. Often have low fever, fatigue and other systemic symptoms and cough, hemoptysis and other respiratory manifestations

extended data:

tuberculosis can be divided into five categories

Primary pulmonary tuberculosis (code - Ⅰ), including primary syndrome and intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis

Blood dissemination pulmonary tuberculosis (code - Ⅱ), including acute miliary, subacute and chronic blood dissemination pulmonary tuberculosis

Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis (code - Ⅲ) is one of the main types of pulmonary tuberculosis, which can contain different pathological changes such as proliferation, infiltration, casein and cavity

Tuberculous pleurisy (code - Ⅳ), including tuberculous dry pleurisy, exudative pleurisy and tuberculous empyema

Other extrapulmonary tuberculosis (code - V) were named according to the location and organs, such as bone tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, renal tuberculosis, etc

7. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (Pap) is a rare disease with unknown causes. The main clinical symptoms were shortness of breath, cough and expectoration. Chest X-ray showed diffuse infiltration shadow in both lungs. Pathological examination showed that the alveoli were filled with protein like substance positive for PAS staining. The disease was first reported by Rosen in 1958. According to the etiology, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis can be divided into primary, secondary and congenital.

8.

PE represents physical examination in medicine

physical examination refers to the detection and measurement of the development level of human morphology and function. Its contents include:

(1) exercise history and disease history

(2) morphological index measurement

(3) physiological function test

(4) determination of body composition

(5) special examination (laboratory test, X-ray, ECG, EEG, EMG, echocardiography, muscle needle biopsy, etc.)

Physical examination is not only a main task of sports medicine workers, but also an important job of sports teachers, coaches and sports researchers

because only through physical examination, we can first obtain various accurate information about the body shape characteristics, development degree, health status and functional level of the tested objects, and then organize and implement physical exercise and sports training according to these information in a targeted, scientific and reasonable way, can we ensure the enhancement of human physique, promote the improvement of health level and sports technology level

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extended data:

points for attention in physical examination:

1. Patients should be taken as the center, they should be concerned and considerate, they should have a high sense of responsibility and good medical ethics

In the process of examination, cross infection should be avoided

Doctors should be dignified, generous, sincere and kind

Doctors should stand on the right side of patients. Before the examination of patients, they should politely introce themselves to the patients, and explain the reasons, purposes and requirements of the physical examination, so as to better obtain the close cooperation of the patients. At the end of the examination, we should thank the patients for their cooperation

The time line should be appropriate, the room should be warm and the environment should be quiet; The examination technique should be standard and gentle; The inspected part should be fully exposed

source of reference: Internet - physical examination

9.

MCH represents the average hemoglobin content in medicine, and the average hemoglobin content in 374 is in the normal range. The high concentration may be e to physiological or pathological conditions. If there is no food or water for a long time before blood sampling, and the blood is somewhat concentrated, the hemoglobin can be high

stress can cause the same situation. If it is caused by disease, it is often a more serious cardiopulmonary disease, and the body is in a state of hypoxia for a long time, it will also cause high hemoglobin concentration

the average hemoglobin content was normal or high, indicating that the body was rich in iron and no need to supplement iron. Low hemoglobin content indicates iron deficiency in the body, which affects the synthesis and oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin, resulting in anemia and hindering the normal physiological activities of the body. However, if the body contains high iron content, it will cause coronary atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases

< H2 > extended data:

mean hemoglobin:

1. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), that is, the average grams of hemoglobin per liter of blood cells, expressed in G / L. The formula is as follows: MCHC = g / L hemoglobin / L hematocrit

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) reference value: male: 300-370 g / L, female: 300-360 g / L, newborn: 300-370 g / L

The abnormal results were increased: hyperpigmentation anemia, severe vomiting, frequent diarrhea, polycythemia vera, chronic carbon monoxide poisoning, heart failure, etc

Decrease: small cell hypochromic anemia. Need to check the crowd: palpitations, shortness of breath, fever, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms of the crowd

Before examination: don't eat too greasy and high protein food one day before blood drawing, and avoid drinking a lot. The alcohol content in the blood will directly affect the test results. After 8 p.m. on the day before physical examination, fasting should be started for 12 hours, so as not to affect the test results. Blood should be relaxed, to avoid fear caused by vasoconstriction, increase the difficulty of blood collection

After examination: after blood drawing, local pressure should be applied at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. The pressing time should be sufficient. Each person's clotting time is different, some people need a little longer time to clot. Therefore, when the skin surface does not appear to be bleeding, the compression will stop immediately, and the blood may seep into the subcutaneous and cause cyanosis e to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the pressing time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is bleeding tendency, the pressing time should be extended

After drawing blood, if you have dizziness, dizziness, fatigue, you should immediately lie down and drink a small amount of sugar water, and then take physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. If local congestion, 24 hours later with warm towel wet compress, can promote absorption

Related diseases: polycythemia, anemia caused by folic acid deficiency, iron utilization anemia, diarrhea, infantile diarrhea, congestive heart failure, iron deficiency anemia, anemia

Related symptoms: vomiting, vertigo, cyanosis, heart failure, arrhythmia, palpitation

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