Why is bitcoin up to 200000
Publish: 2021-04-27 17:52:59
1. The concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
response time: December 28, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
response time: December 28, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
2. What drives bitcoin to soar
supply and demand
when compared with other virtual currencies, bitcoin always mentions "fixed output 21 million". In the early years, bitcoin had not been exposed to investors in a large area. It proced a lot and g a lot, but there was no demand. But now purchase bitcoin, the price is expensive, the output is small, the demand is big
analysts of jiafengruide believe that when there is an imbalance between supply and demand, commodity prices will be affected. Influenced by the policy, many bitcoin holders are now keeping a wait-and-see attitude. The decrease of bitcoin in circulation in the market and the increasing demand for bitcoin in the market are bound to push the price up, but in fact, it will not be the investment speculators who come into the market at this high level who will benefit in the end
popularization of regional chain
the report released by UBS in October mentioned the problem of regional chain technology. The report shows that by 2027, the global investment value of regional chain technology will reach 300 billion to 400 billion US dollars. And the regional chain as an infrastructure development, will be applied to more and more scenarios
at that time, whether the popularity of regional chain will raise the price of bitcoin is also full of uncertainty
investor confidence remains unchanged
although many institutions and financial giants are short of bitcoin, investors are still confident in the future value of bitcoin. After all, in history, is there any trading proct that can soar 7.54 million times in eight years
analysts at Jifeng Reed said that 10 years ago, the impact of the financial crisis left many countries so far unshadowed, and the share price bubble continued to expand, and investors would worry whether the original financial system would collapse again. Bitcoin, which has a strong performance, will attract more investors with capital inflows, thus driving up prices. In a way, bitcoin is already a safe haven
although the trading of bitcoin was suspended by China in September this year, bitcoin surged by more than 233% after de Sinicization< In November, bitcoin began to hard bifurcate, that is to say, the regional chain was divided into two parts, which is equivalent to doubling the issue of bitcoin, which means that the value of bitcoin will be diluted. Affected by the impending start of hard bifurcations, bitcoin started on November 9 and has been on the decline for four days
the suspension of the 2x fork, originally scheled for November 16, has eased the anxiety over the expansion of the bitcoin instry chain, and the market is a little relieved of the possible collapse crisis caused by the fork
bubble greater risk
many investors have seen the bitcoin appreciation and profit margins after they have entered the bitcoin trading market. However, the current domestic large-scale bitcoin trading platform has been completely closed, and the regulatory level has not relaxed the entry of bitcoin into the domestic market
bitcoin, as a speculative commodity, has great bubbles and unknown risks. We tend to ignore the risk, and it is often the risk that damages the funds in our pockets. When participating in a high-risk market, we must reasonably allocate personal assets, such as the allocation of stable financial procts such as stable profit selection investment plan. We must not use all our wealth to allocate high-risk investment procts
in a word, bitcoin has risen dramatically in recent years. It's hard to avoid some words like "you are the richest man in China now if you bought bitcoin eight years ago". But eight years ago, you didn't know that bitcoin could be as brilliant as it is today. You might as well change your vision and look for the next "bitcoin".
supply and demand
when compared with other virtual currencies, bitcoin always mentions "fixed output 21 million". In the early years, bitcoin had not been exposed to investors in a large area. It proced a lot and g a lot, but there was no demand. But now purchase bitcoin, the price is expensive, the output is small, the demand is big
analysts of jiafengruide believe that when there is an imbalance between supply and demand, commodity prices will be affected. Influenced by the policy, many bitcoin holders are now keeping a wait-and-see attitude. The decrease of bitcoin in circulation in the market and the increasing demand for bitcoin in the market are bound to push the price up, but in fact, it will not be the investment speculators who come into the market at this high level who will benefit in the end
popularization of regional chain
the report released by UBS in October mentioned the problem of regional chain technology. The report shows that by 2027, the global investment value of regional chain technology will reach 300 billion to 400 billion US dollars. And the regional chain as an infrastructure development, will be applied to more and more scenarios
at that time, whether the popularity of regional chain will raise the price of bitcoin is also full of uncertainty
investor confidence remains unchanged
although many institutions and financial giants are short of bitcoin, investors are still confident in the future value of bitcoin. After all, in history, is there any trading proct that can soar 7.54 million times in eight years
analysts at Jifeng Reed said that 10 years ago, the impact of the financial crisis left many countries so far unshadowed, and the share price bubble continued to expand, and investors would worry whether the original financial system would collapse again. Bitcoin, which has a strong performance, will attract more investors with capital inflows, thus driving up prices. In a way, bitcoin is already a safe haven
although the trading of bitcoin was suspended by China in September this year, bitcoin surged by more than 233% after de Sinicization< In November, bitcoin began to hard bifurcate, that is to say, the regional chain was divided into two parts, which is equivalent to doubling the issue of bitcoin, which means that the value of bitcoin will be diluted. Affected by the impending start of hard bifurcations, bitcoin started on November 9 and has been on the decline for four days
the suspension of the 2x fork, originally scheled for November 16, has eased the anxiety over the expansion of the bitcoin instry chain, and the market is a little relieved of the possible collapse crisis caused by the fork
bubble greater risk
many investors have seen the bitcoin appreciation and profit margins after they have entered the bitcoin trading market. However, the current domestic large-scale bitcoin trading platform has been completely closed, and the regulatory level has not relaxed the entry of bitcoin into the domestic market
bitcoin, as a speculative commodity, has great bubbles and unknown risks. We tend to ignore the risk, and it is often the risk that damages the funds in our pockets. When participating in a high-risk market, we must reasonably allocate personal assets, such as the allocation of stable financial procts such as stable profit selection investment plan. We must not use all our wealth to allocate high-risk investment procts
in a word, bitcoin has risen dramatically in recent years. It's hard to avoid some words like "you are the richest man in China now if you bought bitcoin eight years ago". But eight years ago, you didn't know that bitcoin could be as brilliant as it is today. You might as well change your vision and look for the next "bitcoin".
3.
the main reason is that the value of bitcoin is artificially manipulated, so it has high risk and high profit, and it is easy to rise and fall sharply. That's why men's income changes so much of course, ordinary people certainly don't dare to speculate in bitcoin at will. After all, it needs a lot of money to support, which can make you rich overnight and ruin your fortune. Therefore, speculators need to have good psychological quality
in addition, the value of bitcoin often changes, and there is no law to speak of. It is mainly controlled by professionals with rich capital therefore, for ordinary investors, it's better not to put all their wealth into bitcoin. After all, the water in this instry is too deep, and you will lose all if you are not careful. Therefore, those opportunistic things or less to do, down-to-earth work to make money is the most important, after all, not everyone can become Buffett< br />
4.
Since the birth of bitcoin, its price has risen from a few cents to a maximum of $20000. Although it has dropped a little, it has soared to $18000. This price surprised many people. Why is bitcoin such a virtual digital currency so valuable< the quantity of bitcoin is limited, so the price is relatively expensive. Because bitcoin can be anonymous, many people use bitcoin to hide property or trade. The speculation of bitcoin players leads to the high price of bitcoin Bitcoin is a decentralized virtual digital currency, and bitcoin is generated based on algorithm, so the total amount of bitcoin will not exceed 21 million, and with the increase of mining population, bitcoin will be less and less, so the price of bitcoin is more expensive than other virtual currencies{ RRRRR}
the reason why bitcoin is valuable is that it has replaced part of the currency function and some people have speculated. If you have any other opinions, please leave a message to discuss
5. Bitcoin is a kind of cryptocurrency, but because the blockchain technology was used to lock the market area at the beginning, the amount of bitcoin in the market is certain. If users want to get bitcoin, they have to spend power and computing power to "dig" bitcoin, so mining machines appear. The figurative metaphor is that the miner is a machine used to dig bitcoin. Its emergence not only improves the efficiency of digging bitcoin, but also promotes the rapid development of the instry
cryptocurrency has an exchange, but its price is determined according to the change of stock in the market. Many people want to buy bitcoin and other currencies, they have to go to these exchanges to buy, sell and other operations. In other words, the exchange provides a platform to facilitate bitcoin trading. Because of its encryption property, it is difficult for the regulatory level to uniformly deploy and implement relevant measures, so many countries prohibit bitcoin trading
but even so, bitcoin still has a high transaction value, part of which is the labor and cost of digging out coins, part of which is e to market factors. The total amount of coins is determined, so every coin g out will be one less. From the perspective of Marketization, the value of bitcoin will be higher and higher. Therefore, many people think that bitcoin has great value-added space, and many investors choose to hold bitcoin for a long time. As a result, the underlying bitcoin value is locked in. Later, bitcoin was also used in some social activities. For example, some foreign companies used bitcoin to pay their employees, and even bitcoin could be used for shopping
once the underlying value is determined, the sharp rise and fall of bitcoin is dominated by market behavior. This kind of uncertainty is more serious, and the market fluctuates more frequently. In the absence of relevant credit endorsement support, naturally, once there is any disturbance, bitcoin's value will fluctuate greatly.
cryptocurrency has an exchange, but its price is determined according to the change of stock in the market. Many people want to buy bitcoin and other currencies, they have to go to these exchanges to buy, sell and other operations. In other words, the exchange provides a platform to facilitate bitcoin trading. Because of its encryption property, it is difficult for the regulatory level to uniformly deploy and implement relevant measures, so many countries prohibit bitcoin trading
but even so, bitcoin still has a high transaction value, part of which is the labor and cost of digging out coins, part of which is e to market factors. The total amount of coins is determined, so every coin g out will be one less. From the perspective of Marketization, the value of bitcoin will be higher and higher. Therefore, many people think that bitcoin has great value-added space, and many investors choose to hold bitcoin for a long time. As a result, the underlying bitcoin value is locked in. Later, bitcoin was also used in some social activities. For example, some foreign companies used bitcoin to pay their employees, and even bitcoin could be used for shopping
once the underlying value is determined, the sharp rise and fall of bitcoin is dominated by market behavior. This kind of uncertainty is more serious, and the market fluctuates more frequently. In the absence of relevant credit endorsement support, naturally, once there is any disturbance, bitcoin's value will fluctuate greatly.
6. Bitcoin has risen from tens of dollars to a maximum of $20000, and its profit is twice that of several million. Therefore, bitcoin is my main investment object. I built a position in MXC of Matcha in 17 years, and bitcoin earned the first bucket of gold. Bitcoin's profit is still very large. You can ask any questions you have
7.
After the recent price fluctuation of bitcoin, many people who invest in bitcoin have lost money or even burst their positions, which has aroused the attention of many netizens. In fact, these people who lose money or even burst their positions don't hold bitcoin, they just fry bitcoin like futures, so it's inevitable when the price fluctuates. Only those who dig bitcoin are not affected by the price fluctuation
in general, although the price of bitcoin is 45 million times higher than that at the beginning of its birth, because some people invest in bitcoin futures, they will naturally suffer losses and burst positions when the price fluctuates
8. In fact, the value of anything is not determined by itself, but by people's ideas. Do you think ancient shells and other things are valuable? I don't think so, but if more people approve shells, they can be used as currency
the same is true for bitcoin. As more people recognize bitcoin, the concept of decentralization and the concept of personal wealth supremacy conveyed by bitcoin, the price will rise
in addition, the total amount of bitcoin remains unchanged at 21 million, which is similar to that of gold, so the price will rise. If you do not understand, you can ask questions, you can also focus on the official account of fireball block chain. Absolutely know all answer.
the same is true for bitcoin. As more people recognize bitcoin, the concept of decentralization and the concept of personal wealth supremacy conveyed by bitcoin, the price will rise
in addition, the total amount of bitcoin remains unchanged at 21 million, which is similar to that of gold, so the price will rise. If you do not understand, you can ask questions, you can also focus on the official account of fireball block chain. Absolutely know all answer.
9. The cultivation of computational ability is an important task in primary school mathematics teaching. The level of a person's computing ability is the embodiment of his thinking agility and thinking flexibility in computing, which reflects the level of his basic mathematical quality. The level of computing ability not only affects students' academic performance, but also directly affects students' intellectual development, and also has a direct impact on students' future study and work. In the primary school stage, the main purpose is to cultivate students' ability to calculate integers, decimals and fractions, and to achieve correct and rapid calculation. At the same time, the method is required to be reasonable and flexible. How to cultivate and improve students' computing ability to meet the above requirements
in this paper, I would like to talk about some superficial understanding of this problem< First, we should fully understand the importance of developing computing ability
one of the aims of primary school mathematics teaching is to cultivate students' computational ability, and teachers must have enough understanding. Some teachers don't pay enough attention to the cultivation and improvement of students' computing ability, and they don't let students find the rules and interests of computing. This is a big obstacle to cultivate and improve students' computing ability, which must be removed. Computational ability is a necessary ability for students< Number and calculation are widely used in daily life, work and study. In the real world, from the perspective of mathematics, there are mainly three aspects: number, quantity and shape. However, measurement is inseparable from number and calculation, and the quantification of body size is inseparable from number and calculation. Therefore, number and calculation are the most basic tools for people to understand the objective world and the basic knowledge and skills that every citizen should master< Number and calculation are the basis for students to learn other mathematical knowledge and even other subjects. This part of the knowledge is not good, students can not enter the normal learning< Number and calculation play an important role in cultivating students' thinking ability. Mastering the process of number and calculation is also the process of cultivating students' abstract generalization ability. In this way, students also develop the ability of abstract generalization in the process of learning to master the knowledge of number and calculation
4. The teaching of number and calculation is concive to infiltrating the enlightenment ecation of dialectical materialism. The concept of number is graally formed and developed with the needs of human life and practice. When teachers want to teach the concept of number, the relationship between calculation method and calculation method, they can infiltrate the enlightenment ecation of dialectical materialism
Second, clarify the calculation theory and improve the teaching quality of calculation
in the teaching of calculation, teachers should pay attention to explain the principle of calculation and reveal the law of calculation, so that students can know what it is and why it is
1. The abstraction of arithmetic is a difficult point in primary school teaching. In teaching, we try to transform the abstraction into the concrete by means of visual demonstration, so as to make the arithmetic clear
2. Learn to operate with tools, explore and comprehend. Psychologists believe that thinking begins with action. To enable students to master mathematical knowledge and promote the development of thinking, it is necessary to build a bridge between image thinking and mathematical abstraction, and give full play to the role of learning tools. For example, if the students have difficulty in understanding the "method of making up ten" in addition within 20, we will ask them to come out with sticks to help them learn the calculation method of "making up ten" by playing with sticks
3. Contact with practice to deepen understanding. Using students' existing knowledge and experience to understand new knowledge is the main way to construct teaching knowledge structure. Properly using old knowledge in teaching, assimilating new knowledge through analogy, and realizing positive transfer of knowledge are concive to students' understanding of new knowledge and recognition of new knowledge structure. For example, when teaching the calculation method of decimal addition, we can use the rate relationship of RMB units that students are familiar with to explain the reason that decimal points must be aligned
4. Pay attention to perception and strengthen stimulation. For the parts that are easy to be ignored by students, we should pay attention to strengthen the stimulation intensity (such as emphasis on entering and leaving places, emphasis on the treatment of decimal points, etc.) to attract students' attention, leave students a clear and correct impression, and avoid and rece errors in future calculation
5. According to the characteristics that students are prone to illusion and thinking set, we should consciously differentiate and compare the similar concepts, rules and formulas, so as to promote the accurate differentiation of new and old knowledge
6. Practice in time to consolidate and improve. Carry out targeted exercises, strengthen the key points and difficulties in the calculation process, and strive to consolidate in class
7. Pay attention to feedback and correct in time. Timely feedback, find out the students' mistakes, help students analyze the reasons and correct the mistakes in time< Third, we should deal with the relationship between written and oral arithmetic
oral arithmetic is a kind of calculation method which can only calculate and get the results by thinking and language without any tools. It has the characteristics of fast and flexible
mental arithmetic is an important part of computing power. Oral calculation is the basis of written calculation and estimation. Both written calculation and estimation ability are developed on the basis of accurate and skilled oral calculation ability. Without a certain basis of oral calculation, the cultivation of written calculation and estimation ability becomes the water without source. In addition, mental arithmetic is widely used in daily life, proction and scientific research. Therefore, it is very important to insist on the training of oral arithmetic and listening arithmetic in teaching to improve students' computing ability
(1) oral arithmetic teaching must run through the whole process of primary school mathematics teaching. In the lower grades, basic oral arithmetic such as addition and subtraction within 20, multiplication within the table and division are arranged; The middle grade arranges some oral arithmetic which is the basis of written arithmetic and often used in daily life; In order to cultivate students' ability of using knowledge flexibly and their ability of oral calculation, senior students arrange some questions of using operation law to do oral calculation in exercises. Each teaching reference book puts forward the requirements for the oral arithmetic of this semester in stages. Teachers should make the cultivation of oral arithmetic ability to be implemented, and effectively improve students' oral arithmetic ability
(2) arrange oral calculation reasonably. In compulsory textbooks, the basic oral arithmetic, which is the basis of written arithmetic, is taught before written arithmetic, while some difficult but not the most basic ones are taught after written arithmetic, so as to further improve students' oral arithmetic ability. For example, addition and subtraction within 20 is an important foundation of addition and subtraction, and only oral arithmetic is taught. In addition and subtraction within 100, two digit addition, subtraction of one digit and integral tens, such as 27 + 6, 27 + 30, are the basis of both written and oral arithmetic. Therefore, this part of the content before the written calculation, only teaching oral calculation; It is more difficult for students to master double-digit plus or minus double-digit, so the first grade first teaches written arithmetic, and the second grade further requires oral arithmetic. In this way, students can not only learn written arithmetic, but also form a strong ability of oral arithmetic
(3) pay attention to the teaching of oral arithmetic. Oral examples should pay attention to the intuitive demonstration and operation to make students understand the calculation theory
(4) teach students oral arithmetic and develop their thinking. In order to improve students' ability of oral arithmetic, we should teach students correct methods of oral arithmetic. The methods are various, and we should guide students to choose the methods that they can easily understand and master. Never guide students to do oral arithmetic with the method of written arithmetic. Two digit addition: 28 + 37. I find that some students think like this: 8 + 7 = 15, indivial digit is 5, ten digit is 2 + 3 + 1 = 6, ten digit is 6. This is completely the idea of written calculation. In fact, you should think like this: 28 + 30 = 58, 58 + 7 = 75. You don't need to have a vertical pattern in your head
practice has proved that strengthening the training of oral arithmetic can not only improve the calculation level of students, but also develop their thinking ability< Fourth, encourage students to use simple algorithms to improve their ability and develop their thinking
simple calculation is a practical and effective method to improve students' calculation speed. Simple calculation often uses certain operation laws, such as addition calculation often uses addition exchange law, addition combination law, and multiplication exchange law, multiplication combination law, multiplication distribution law, etc. in multiplication calculation, some calculations are simplified from complex to easy. The study of simple calculation can not only improve the students' calculation speed, rece the calculation errors, but also help the development of students' thinking. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should strengthen the teaching of simple methods
in addition, let students remember some common data, which can simplify the calculation process and improve the calculation speed. I remember an ecator said that a person's memory before the age of 13 is the best. He can remember a lot of things at this stage. Although he doesn't know why and how, these things don't affect his memory. The unknown reasons of these knowledge will be solved with the growth of his age and the increase of his knowledge. Therefore, we should pay attention to the development of students' memory, especially before the age of 13. The content of calculation in middle and high grades is extensive, comprehensive and comprehensive. Some common operations are often encountered in real life. These operations have no specific rules of oral arithmetic, and must be solved by strengthening memory training. The main contents of my intensive training are as follows: 1) the square result of each number from 1 to 10 in the natural number; ② A method of oral calculation for the square result of two digit number of 5 on a digit; ③ Some specific calculation results, such as 125 × 8＝1000，25 × 4 = 100, 0.25 =, 0.75 =, 0.125 =, 0.375 =, 0.625 = etc. These special calculation results are frequently used in practice, homework and life. If we master and remember them skillfully, we can transform them into abilities, which play a good role in calculation and proce high efficiency< 5. Pay attention to cultivate the good habit of careful examination and calculation
the teaching of calculation also needs to train students to form the habit of careful examination and examination. Don't just shout "be careful!" to students, To teach methods, strict requirements, form habits, improve the accuracy of calculation
the new curriculum standard points out that we should pay attention to the cultivation of students' habit of inspection. Inspection is a good way, it can make people find their own mistakes in time and correct them in time. In the process of teaching, teachers should pay attention to strengthen the teaching of checking calculation, let students use different methods to test a problem, master the test method, and skillfully use this method to judge the correctness of the answers to similar problems
six relations between addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are often used in checking. The estimation is often based on the variation of proct and quotient. For example: according to the multiplier & gt; 1, proct & gt; Multiplicand (except 0); Multiplier = 1, proct = multiplicand; If the multiplier is less than 1, the proct is less than the multiplicand (except 0), you can judge which of the following questions is greater than the multiplicand, which is less than the multiplicand, and which is equal to the multiplicand: 8 × 、 nine × 、 one × 2、0.9 × 16、5 × 1、3 × 、 × 1 According to divisor > 1, quotient < divisor (except 0); Divisor = 1, quotient = dividend; If the divisor is less than 1, the quotient is greater than the divisor (except 0), it can be judged without calculation ÷ 14、8 ÷ 1 、21 ÷ 、 ÷ 7、2 ÷ 1、0.45 ÷ Is the quotient greater than the divisor, less than the divisor, or equal to the divisor< Sixth, enrich learning activities, be happy with teaching and learning, and stimulate students' interest
the calculation problem is composed of numbers and abstract operation symbols, which makes students easily feel irritable and tired. Therefore, teachers should
in this paper, I would like to talk about some superficial understanding of this problem< First, we should fully understand the importance of developing computing ability
one of the aims of primary school mathematics teaching is to cultivate students' computational ability, and teachers must have enough understanding. Some teachers don't pay enough attention to the cultivation and improvement of students' computing ability, and they don't let students find the rules and interests of computing. This is a big obstacle to cultivate and improve students' computing ability, which must be removed. Computational ability is a necessary ability for students< Number and calculation are widely used in daily life, work and study. In the real world, from the perspective of mathematics, there are mainly three aspects: number, quantity and shape. However, measurement is inseparable from number and calculation, and the quantification of body size is inseparable from number and calculation. Therefore, number and calculation are the most basic tools for people to understand the objective world and the basic knowledge and skills that every citizen should master< Number and calculation are the basis for students to learn other mathematical knowledge and even other subjects. This part of the knowledge is not good, students can not enter the normal learning< Number and calculation play an important role in cultivating students' thinking ability. Mastering the process of number and calculation is also the process of cultivating students' abstract generalization ability. In this way, students also develop the ability of abstract generalization in the process of learning to master the knowledge of number and calculation
4. The teaching of number and calculation is concive to infiltrating the enlightenment ecation of dialectical materialism. The concept of number is graally formed and developed with the needs of human life and practice. When teachers want to teach the concept of number, the relationship between calculation method and calculation method, they can infiltrate the enlightenment ecation of dialectical materialism
Second, clarify the calculation theory and improve the teaching quality of calculation
in the teaching of calculation, teachers should pay attention to explain the principle of calculation and reveal the law of calculation, so that students can know what it is and why it is
1. The abstraction of arithmetic is a difficult point in primary school teaching. In teaching, we try to transform the abstraction into the concrete by means of visual demonstration, so as to make the arithmetic clear
2. Learn to operate with tools, explore and comprehend. Psychologists believe that thinking begins with action. To enable students to master mathematical knowledge and promote the development of thinking, it is necessary to build a bridge between image thinking and mathematical abstraction, and give full play to the role of learning tools. For example, if the students have difficulty in understanding the "method of making up ten" in addition within 20, we will ask them to come out with sticks to help them learn the calculation method of "making up ten" by playing with sticks
3. Contact with practice to deepen understanding. Using students' existing knowledge and experience to understand new knowledge is the main way to construct teaching knowledge structure. Properly using old knowledge in teaching, assimilating new knowledge through analogy, and realizing positive transfer of knowledge are concive to students' understanding of new knowledge and recognition of new knowledge structure. For example, when teaching the calculation method of decimal addition, we can use the rate relationship of RMB units that students are familiar with to explain the reason that decimal points must be aligned
4. Pay attention to perception and strengthen stimulation. For the parts that are easy to be ignored by students, we should pay attention to strengthen the stimulation intensity (such as emphasis on entering and leaving places, emphasis on the treatment of decimal points, etc.) to attract students' attention, leave students a clear and correct impression, and avoid and rece errors in future calculation
5. According to the characteristics that students are prone to illusion and thinking set, we should consciously differentiate and compare the similar concepts, rules and formulas, so as to promote the accurate differentiation of new and old knowledge
6. Practice in time to consolidate and improve. Carry out targeted exercises, strengthen the key points and difficulties in the calculation process, and strive to consolidate in class
7. Pay attention to feedback and correct in time. Timely feedback, find out the students' mistakes, help students analyze the reasons and correct the mistakes in time< Third, we should deal with the relationship between written and oral arithmetic
oral arithmetic is a kind of calculation method which can only calculate and get the results by thinking and language without any tools. It has the characteristics of fast and flexible
mental arithmetic is an important part of computing power. Oral calculation is the basis of written calculation and estimation. Both written calculation and estimation ability are developed on the basis of accurate and skilled oral calculation ability. Without a certain basis of oral calculation, the cultivation of written calculation and estimation ability becomes the water without source. In addition, mental arithmetic is widely used in daily life, proction and scientific research. Therefore, it is very important to insist on the training of oral arithmetic and listening arithmetic in teaching to improve students' computing ability
(1) oral arithmetic teaching must run through the whole process of primary school mathematics teaching. In the lower grades, basic oral arithmetic such as addition and subtraction within 20, multiplication within the table and division are arranged; The middle grade arranges some oral arithmetic which is the basis of written arithmetic and often used in daily life; In order to cultivate students' ability of using knowledge flexibly and their ability of oral calculation, senior students arrange some questions of using operation law to do oral calculation in exercises. Each teaching reference book puts forward the requirements for the oral arithmetic of this semester in stages. Teachers should make the cultivation of oral arithmetic ability to be implemented, and effectively improve students' oral arithmetic ability
(2) arrange oral calculation reasonably. In compulsory textbooks, the basic oral arithmetic, which is the basis of written arithmetic, is taught before written arithmetic, while some difficult but not the most basic ones are taught after written arithmetic, so as to further improve students' oral arithmetic ability. For example, addition and subtraction within 20 is an important foundation of addition and subtraction, and only oral arithmetic is taught. In addition and subtraction within 100, two digit addition, subtraction of one digit and integral tens, such as 27 + 6, 27 + 30, are the basis of both written and oral arithmetic. Therefore, this part of the content before the written calculation, only teaching oral calculation; It is more difficult for students to master double-digit plus or minus double-digit, so the first grade first teaches written arithmetic, and the second grade further requires oral arithmetic. In this way, students can not only learn written arithmetic, but also form a strong ability of oral arithmetic
(3) pay attention to the teaching of oral arithmetic. Oral examples should pay attention to the intuitive demonstration and operation to make students understand the calculation theory
(4) teach students oral arithmetic and develop their thinking. In order to improve students' ability of oral arithmetic, we should teach students correct methods of oral arithmetic. The methods are various, and we should guide students to choose the methods that they can easily understand and master. Never guide students to do oral arithmetic with the method of written arithmetic. Two digit addition: 28 + 37. I find that some students think like this: 8 + 7 = 15, indivial digit is 5, ten digit is 2 + 3 + 1 = 6, ten digit is 6. This is completely the idea of written calculation. In fact, you should think like this: 28 + 30 = 58, 58 + 7 = 75. You don't need to have a vertical pattern in your head
practice has proved that strengthening the training of oral arithmetic can not only improve the calculation level of students, but also develop their thinking ability< Fourth, encourage students to use simple algorithms to improve their ability and develop their thinking
simple calculation is a practical and effective method to improve students' calculation speed. Simple calculation often uses certain operation laws, such as addition calculation often uses addition exchange law, addition combination law, and multiplication exchange law, multiplication combination law, multiplication distribution law, etc. in multiplication calculation, some calculations are simplified from complex to easy. The study of simple calculation can not only improve the students' calculation speed, rece the calculation errors, but also help the development of students' thinking. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should strengthen the teaching of simple methods
in addition, let students remember some common data, which can simplify the calculation process and improve the calculation speed. I remember an ecator said that a person's memory before the age of 13 is the best. He can remember a lot of things at this stage. Although he doesn't know why and how, these things don't affect his memory. The unknown reasons of these knowledge will be solved with the growth of his age and the increase of his knowledge. Therefore, we should pay attention to the development of students' memory, especially before the age of 13. The content of calculation in middle and high grades is extensive, comprehensive and comprehensive. Some common operations are often encountered in real life. These operations have no specific rules of oral arithmetic, and must be solved by strengthening memory training. The main contents of my intensive training are as follows: 1) the square result of each number from 1 to 10 in the natural number; ② A method of oral calculation for the square result of two digit number of 5 on a digit; ③ Some specific calculation results, such as 125 × 8＝1000，25 × 4 = 100, 0.25 =, 0.75 =, 0.125 =, 0.375 =, 0.625 = etc. These special calculation results are frequently used in practice, homework and life. If we master and remember them skillfully, we can transform them into abilities, which play a good role in calculation and proce high efficiency< 5. Pay attention to cultivate the good habit of careful examination and calculation
the teaching of calculation also needs to train students to form the habit of careful examination and examination. Don't just shout "be careful!" to students, To teach methods, strict requirements, form habits, improve the accuracy of calculation
the new curriculum standard points out that we should pay attention to the cultivation of students' habit of inspection. Inspection is a good way, it can make people find their own mistakes in time and correct them in time. In the process of teaching, teachers should pay attention to strengthen the teaching of checking calculation, let students use different methods to test a problem, master the test method, and skillfully use this method to judge the correctness of the answers to similar problems
six relations between addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are often used in checking. The estimation is often based on the variation of proct and quotient. For example: according to the multiplier & gt; 1, proct & gt; Multiplicand (except 0); Multiplier = 1, proct = multiplicand; If the multiplier is less than 1, the proct is less than the multiplicand (except 0), you can judge which of the following questions is greater than the multiplicand, which is less than the multiplicand, and which is equal to the multiplicand: 8 × 、 nine × 、 one × 2、0.9 × 16、5 × 1、3 × 、 × 1 According to divisor > 1, quotient < divisor (except 0); Divisor = 1, quotient = dividend; If the divisor is less than 1, the quotient is greater than the divisor (except 0), it can be judged without calculation ÷ 14、8 ÷ 1 、21 ÷ 、 ÷ 7、2 ÷ 1、0.45 ÷ Is the quotient greater than the divisor, less than the divisor, or equal to the divisor< Sixth, enrich learning activities, be happy with teaching and learning, and stimulate students' interest
the calculation problem is composed of numbers and abstract operation symbols, which makes students easily feel irritable and tired. Therefore, teachers should
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