Blockchain technology and industrial innovation

1. blockchain is a kind of technology. "In the simplest and most popular way, blockchain technology is everyone bookkeeping, or distributed ledger."
in the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. This database can be regarded as a large account book. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, bookkeeping. However, the blockchain is "decentralized", which allows every member of the system to participate in it, not only everyone bookkeeping, but also through links, Everyone can have a complete account book
"blockchain is essentially a collective recording mode. What's special is that it adopts a set of techniques in an ingenious way to realize the authenticity and credibility of the recorded results, which is difficult to destroy and tamper with. " Zhang Xiaorong said, "first, everyone has the right to record and authenticate with each other to distinguish the true from the false, which is called consensus mechanism; Second, no one can tamper with the records, because there are cryptographic signatures; Third, everyone has a , so even if some account books are damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in block mode according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain. "
various cryptocurrencies represented by bitcoin are originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be described as blockchain version 1.0. However, around 2014, the instry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain graally separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency
it has broad application prospects
blockchain technology is considered as a disruptive innovation after steam engine, electric power and Internet. If the steam engine and electricity liberate the proctivity, and the Internet has changed the way of information transmission, the blockchain, as a machine for building trust, may change the way of value transmission
for example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the RMB position transfer business from Hongkong Wing Lung Bank to Shenzhen Branch of Wing Lung Bank. This is the world's first interbank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology
in addition, according to the white paper 2016 on China's blockchain technology and application development issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology of China, the application of blockchain has been extended to medical and health, ecation, charity, social management and other fields. Taking the cultural instry as an example, the low cost of reproction, the high cost of safeguarding rights, and the difficulty of providing evidence make the protection of intellectual property rights a pain point for the instry. With blockchain, the proction, dissemination and transaction records of cultural procts are true, transparent and reliable, and the problem can be solved
Zhang Xiaorong said that blockchain technology has solved two major problems in the era of Digital Economy: one is the visible flow direction, and the other is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical paper money was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets had a "chain" to check. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the intellectual property center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it has truly completed the credit construction in an anonymous society, bringing new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible
there is a long way to go in the future development
in terms of technology promotion, there is no big barrier to blockchain, which has been confirmed in the global practice of bitcoin, and its main resistance comes from the obstacles in concept and implementation
"on the one hand, the society may be very concerned about the" naked "state in the blockchain. Blockchain has built a "Skynet" for the commercial society. The company's economic activities are all recorded, so there is no secret to speak of. In this way, some business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain. "
"on the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology, so how to put the emerging blockchain technology under the legal supervision needs to be studied." Duan Yongchao said
the core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the long-standing central management model. In addition to the law, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology, so that the technology can benefit the society and not be used to do evil, is also an urgent problem to be solved.

2. Blockchain instry has great growth potential. Five aspects promote the healthy development of technology. Blockchain basic situation analysis blockchain technology, as a technical solution for collective maintenance of a reliable database in a decentralized way, has the characteristics of decentralization, tamper proof, highly scalable, etc., and is becoming a new technology following big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet. Some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the research and development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries. The development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract. Statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year since 2016, the frequency and amount of investment and financing in China's blockchain field have increased sharply. According to the statistical data of "in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry" released by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year. Judging from the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) account for more than 95%. There are many instry pioneers participating in the investment together, and most enterprises are still in the race. Statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collated the statistical analysis of Chinese blockchain enterprises and registered capital. In 2013 and before, there were only 26 blockchain related enterprises registered in China. In 2016, 116 blockchain enterprises were registered, 158 were registered in 2017, and 52 were registered from January to the end of June 2018. In terms of registered capital, there are 26 enterprises in China whose registered capital is less than 1 million yuan, accounting for about 6%; 197 companies have registered capital between 1 million yuan and 9.99 million yuan, accounting for about 46%; There are 171 companies with registered capital between 10 million yuan and 100 million yuan, accounting for about 40%; There are 31 companies with more than 100 million yuan, accounting for about 7%. Statistics on the enterprises and registered capital of China's blockchain enterprises from January to June 2013-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collates the statistics of China's blockchain enterprises in terms of regions and fields. Among the 425 blockchain enterprises, 385 enterprises are gathered in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Jiangsu, accounting for 90% of the total. Among them, Beijing has the largest number of enterprises, accounting for about 37% of the country. In terms of instry, China's blockchain enterprises are mainly distributed in the fields of finance, bottom public chain, enterprise services, technical solutions, data services, health care, Internet of things, transportation, games, etc. Among them, 91 enterprises are engaged in the financial field, accounting for more than 21%. China's blockchain enterprise field distribution statistics data source: prospective instry research institute collates that China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields. Five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, and promote the high-quality development of digital economy. 1. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment. 2. Strengthen the construction of blockchain core technology capabilities. Establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain. 3. Support the development of entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain, encourage the cross-border integration of blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out blockchain service evaluation and testing, promote the enrichment of instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of entity economy. 4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system, accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power". 5. We will accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development, support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professionals needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises. The instrial scale is small but the growth potential is huge. The blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion between 2017 and 2022

3. Hello, it's a great honor to be here to answer your question. The following are some of my views on this issue. If there are any mistakes, please point them out. 1. The so-called blockchain technology, also known as the distributed ledger technology, is an Internet database technology, which is characterized by decentralization, openness and transparency, so that everyone can participate in database records
2. Blockchain is an innovative application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies in the Internet era. In recent years, the development and application of blockchain is of great significance to technological innovation and instrial revolution. This experience introces the relevant knowledge of blockchain technology
3. Blockchain is a distributed ledger, which can contain financial and / or non-financial transactions. It can be replicated (distributed) on multiple systems in almost real time through peer-to-peer network. Each participant "owns" the same ledger and gets updated when adding any transaction. Each participant helps to determine the inherent "invariance" of all existing records, Using cryptography and digital signature to prove identity, authenticity and enforce read / write access, there is a mechanism that makes it difficult to change history, and it is easy to detect someone trying to change it. Thank you very much for your patience. If you have any help, please accept it. I wish you a happy life! thank you!

4. 1、 Decentralization:
blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain< Second, openness:
the foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of all parties to the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to all. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent< Third, independence:
based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention< Fourth, security:
as long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily controlled and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes
5. Anonymity:
unless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and information transmission can be carried out anonymously
Digital China is the first major development strategy explicitly put forward in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The application of digital technology represented by cloud computing, big data and mobile Internet is no longer limited to the economic field, but widely penetrated into all aspects of public services, social development and people's life, which requires macro coordination, overall control and integrated development
with the deepening of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and instrial change, the tide of digital economy in the world is unstoppable. The development of digital economy has become a global consensus, known as the key to the fourth instrial revolution
adhering to the connotation of the University of nice's world inclusive humanistic spirit, always embracing change, standing up to the tide, conforming to the development trend of the digital economy era, and integrating the essence of Chinese and Western cultural thinking, the University of nice's doctor of blockchain and digital economy management (DDE) came into being
based on this, we can enable the managers of digital economy instry to have global vision and global integration thinking, integrate knowledge, operate digital economy intelligently, promote the sustainable development of the instry, and contribute to the community of human destiny. Therefore, DDE project will cooperate with colleagues in the field of digital economy
if you have MBA related questions, you are welcome to contact me personally&# 180;&# 65381;&# 7447;&# 65381;` ) Bixin~~~~

5. Now some domestic enterprises have applied blockchain technology to the actual instry. For example, wangchain technology has applied blockchain to financial services, health care, IP right, Internet of things, sharing economy, communication, ecation,
social management, charity, public welfare, culture and entertainment, etc

6.

- original title: market analysis of China's blockchain instry in 2019: enabling various instries to accelerate the application landing, there will be two opportunities for future applications

2019 - blockchain "mainstream application year"

since August 2018, the electronic invoice of blockchain was issued for the first time in Shenzhen. So far, it has issued more than 6 million electronic invoices, with an amount of 4 billion yuan, and has access to more than 5300 enterprises, Covering more than 110 detailed instries. In addition to the field of electronic invoice, blockchain has also been successfully implemented in many project scenarios, such as supply chain finance, legal deposit, cross-border payment, etc.

at the recent "thousands of people watching fire" conference of blockchain instry, the reporter of economic daily learned that in 2019, the technology implementation and application has brought blockchain into the "mainstream application year". On the one hand, many Internet giants have a solid technical foundation, on the other hand, they actively explore more valuable scenarios to find development opportunities in the enabling real economy

"blockchain technology can play the role of anchoring, sharing and increasing trust in the whole social information flow, making the chaotic information credible. Compared with the past, this is a" qualitative leap. " Zhang Kaixiang, chief architect of Weizhong bank's blockchain, said, "risk control and business rules design based on trusted data can improve efficiency, rece risks and rece operating costs." He pointed out that as a connector, it is not meaningful for a single enterprise to operate the blockchain, and it is more meaningful to share it as an open source solution to realize the ecological co construction of the instry

"we have been exploring and practicing open source, starting from the underlying technology platform and combining with the scenes of finance, instry, Internet of things, culture and entertainment, to jointly build an open, transparent and efficient technology and instrial community. Open source ecology helps to activate the creativity of the instry. We will continue to start from the open source community and improve a complete set of systems such as system construction and skills training, so as to benefit more people. "

in 2019, the market scale of China's blockchain instry will exceed 100 million yuan

China's blockchain instry is still in its infancy, but with the continuous support of national policies, the continuous progress of instry technology and the increasing demand of downstream application fields, China's blockchain instry is expected to continue to maintain high-speed growth. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, the market scale of China's blockchain instry was less than 6 million yuan in 2011, and the market scale of China's blockchain instry increased by 32 million yuan by 2017, By 2018, the market scale of China's blockchain instry has reached 67 million yuan, always maintaining a rapid growth rate of more than 80%. It is predicted that the market scale of China's blockchain instry will exceed 100 million yuan in 2019, and that in 2022, driven by policy support and downstream demand, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is expected to exceed 450 million yuan

market size statistics and growth forecast of China's blockchain instry from 2015 to 2022

data source: the audited enterprise asset confirmation, registration and circulation records, etc., sorted out by foresight Instry Research Institute, are stored on the platform in the form of traceability. Based on this, banks can carry out fast financing and loan business, save the cost of guarantee and other links, greatly improve the efficiency, and make the risk of financing and loan controllable as a whole

electronic data storage is an important application field of blockchain technology.

the provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the trial of cases by Internet courts, which came into effect in September 2018, clearly states that electronic data storage can be solved by blockchain and other technical means. Xiang Dan, vice president of bibox digital asset trading platform, said that electronic data deposit is an important application field of blockchain technology“ Blockchain technology has the characteristics of preventing tampering, leaving traces in the event, post audit and security protection, which is concive to improving the credibility and authenticity of electronic evidence. The combination of blockchain and electronic data storage can rece the cost of electronic data storage, improve judicial efficiency and enable judicial business. For example, the contract management based on blockchain has been applied in many Internet courts. "

according to Zhou Jianrui, co founder of coinword, a trusted content community, the application of electronic data storage based on blockchain can also help deepen the reform of "release management and service" and improve administrative efficiency. In Beijing Haidian District and other pilot areas, blockchain technology is playing the role of efficient data sharing, secure transmission and credit support. When applied in the field of government affairs, it can realize real-time data sharing of various departments and effectively assist window personnel and examination and approval personnel to quickly verify the authenticity of materials. For example, the public security, civil affairs, housing management and other departments "on the chain", in dealing with real estate transactions can be fast and accurate, "one key" verification of multi-party information, greatly saving social costs

there will be two opportunities for the application of blockchain

because the social recognition of blockchain is not high, the people who understand and use blockchain are still very limited, and the penetration of blockchain into the real economy still needs a graal process. " Yuan Yuming, CEO of fire coin China, introced that they used the open, transparent and tamper proof characteristics of blockchain to explore a new path of art traceability and anti-counterfeiting by means of high-precision full pixel scanning and archiving; By constructing the trust mechanism in the multi-party cooperation scenario, the integral information platform for multi-party participation and resource sharing is developed“ Next, there will be two opportunities for blockchain application:

one is training. With the entry of enterprise giants one after another and the continuous penetration of the real instry, more people will learn about blockchain through training, which will become a new market demand

the second is to provide consulting and technical solutions to more traditional enterprises to help them penetrate the blockchain into more traditional fields and promote the consumption rection, efficiency enhancement, transformation and upgrading of the real instry. "