There are several ways of blockchain financing
IBM and giant automobile manufacturers are trying to use blockchain technology to solve instry pain points. In addition, there are "declining" enterprises such as Kodak of Japan, hoping to fight a "turnaround battle" through blockchain
What does these phenomena show? This shows that the technology of block chain has great commercial value. Everyone hopes to cultivate a new world on this unknown land. So, with the development of blockchain technology this year, it has not only been a simple underlying technology, but also formed a complete ecosystem. Now let's talk with you from two aspects of "coin circle" and "chain circle": what is the ecosystem of blockchain, and let's understand the whole picture of blockchain instry
the first section of the coin circle
in the coin circle, there are always several terms: project party, exchange, media, mining machinery manufacturer. Next, let's take a detailed inventory of what's going on
first, the project side of the coin circle can be understood as follows: all those who issue tokens are the project side. Attention, it's a coin ring. There are also some project parties that don't issue money, such as Alibaba, Tencent and Netease, which are also doing blockchain projects. They don't issue money and only focus on technology. Then these project parties that don't issue money mainly focus on the role of blockchain in data security and supply chain, which we will talk about later
let's return to the topic of coin circle project parties. For example, yilaiyun and BoChang, which are more controversial recently, are the project parties of coin circle, as well as blockchain games, which are more popular recently. They also belong to coin circle project parties
one of the subversive aspects of the coin circle project is the combination of the project and the token, which directly replaces the equity with the token, and the token can be directly circulated. This is a very revolutionary point, so that many initial projects can be more convenient for financing. After financing, the feedback token can be circulated on the digital currency trading platform, and the investors can also exit very well
this "financing investment" approach seems to be another way to realize the listing and trading of equity in disguised form
therefore, it is such a mode that makes the project side of the coin circle the nearest place to the money. They can easily circle the money, and of course they can't resist the temptation, or they have been planning for a long time and run away after circling the money. The detailed process of token issuing by the project side is generally as follows:
the first step is to build a token system, which is similar to an app application. This is not very complicated, because Ethereum is open source, similar to Android Apple system, on which developers can develop specific applications
the second step is to write a white paper, which is similar to the business plan. The white paper is similar to the business plan, mainly including the team situation, technical situation and other information of the project
the third step is to find someone to do endorsement, and find some influential instry bigwigs to promote
the fourth step is to promote marketing, find some blockchain media to push soft articles and pull cooperation, which we will mention below
the fifth step is to find financing
Step 6: go to the stock exchange, and the token begins to spread widely
Second, the exchange
with the project side, let's talk about the exchange. If the project side is a procer, then the things they proce have to be sold and traded, right? The exchange is a trading place for the token of the project party. If the token of the project side is similar to the stock, then the exchange of the currency circle is similar to the secondary market of the stock market. However, the exchange of the currency circle has more power. It has the right to audit the currency, and can decide whether to put the currency in or out
of course, if the project party wants to pay the exchange a huge amount of money charging fees, the investors who trade in the exchange also need to pay the handling fee or withdrawal fee, and the rules of the handling fee and withdrawal fee of each exchange are different. In fact, the currency fees, handling fees and cash withdrawal fees constitute the profit model of the currency circle exchange. Of course, in addition to these three profit models, the profit model of the exchange includes the "market maker" business to earn the price difference, that is, the exchange creates liquidity through continuous trading, acts as a market maker and earns the price difference at the same time
at present, e to the increasingly fierce competition in the instry, there will be less and less currency fees and handling charges, or even no need, so the proportion of conventional profits will be less and less, which leads to the emergence of other profit models, such as platform currency and leverage handling charges. Let's talk about platform currency first. Platform currency is the currency issued by the exchange: okb and coin an belong to platform currency. These platform currencies issued by the exchange can be exchanged for BTC and eth. At the same time, the appreciation of platform currency's own value can lay a solid material foundation for the development of the exchange. For users, holding platform currency can enjoy the benefits of commission discount, platform dividend, special activities of the exchange, etc, This is platform currency. Leverage service charge refers to the currency financing function on the platform, which supports leveraged transactions and charges a certain proportion of service charge to currency financing users
all of the above are actually ecosystems constructed through the exchange's own resource output. Now, the exchange is still actively planning the whole instry to obtain income, such as the establishment of capital, mine pool, wallet, incubator, Engineering Institute, fund and other ways. We believe that if the exchange wants to develop for a long time, it must lay out the whole instry chain, find new breakout points of the instry, and build a complete ecosystem. Therefore, the proportion of strategic profits should be increased
3. Blockchain media
in the past two years when blockchain is hot, there are not only a lot of project parties, but also media. At present, there are about 200 well-known blockchain media. The content on the blockchain media platform is about the following points: policy, hacker, exchange, boss and project party. In addition to words, the operation mode of blockchain media also includes community activities, such as inviting "big guys" to share in the group, so as to achieve a precipitation of high-quality content and earn some traffic at the same time
Why do we have to mention blockchain media? It's because there are some differences between blockchain media and the media in our impression. What's the difference? The difference is that there are some interest relationships between blockchain media and the above mentioned project parties and exchanges. We just said that the project side is like a "procer" and the exchange is like a "sales market". Then, the role of the media is like "advertising platform & quot;. If the project wants to sell well, it needs publicity and advertising, then blockchain media plays such a role. Therefore, the investors of some blockchain media are the project side and the exchange
recently, there has been a bear market. Many blockchain media have laid off employees on a large scale. The reason is nothing more than the shortage of projects and funds. Therefore, it is far from enough for blockchain media to rely solely on the investment of the project side, the exchange and the advertising revenue. When the bear market comes and the project side and the exchange are affected, then the media is bound to face a very cruel winter. As a result, many blockchain media are also doing token issuing by project parties (the most typical are content communities such as coin and coin car, which belong to a media platform and are also doing token issuing by project parties), or some blockchain media are doing business such as wallet selling, mining machine renting and computing power
however, we believe that blockchain media, as the media, still play the role of guiding public opinion. Therefore, we should return to the essence and be a place to deliver instry value information, rather than a place to pile up advertisements. Therefore, blockchain media should keep up with the development of technology to realize its own survival and development. Relying on the advantages of blockchain technology and based on the consensus mechanism in the token system, it can realize the reasonable distribution of the interests of the media instry. In this regard, it may have a certain imagination< Fourth, mining machine manufacturers
in the final analysis, bitcoin mining is the competition of computing power. The stronger the computing power, the greater the probability of bitcoin mining. Therefore, in the business system of the whole coin circle, mining machinery manufacturers are a very important existence. We can see from one data: in the blockchain instry of Hurun 100 rich list in 2018, the richest person is Mr. Zhan ketuan, a partner of bitcontinental, a miner. In addition, according to the prospectus, bitcoin's net profit in the first half of the year was US $743 million, an increase of nearly eight times over the same period last year. Bitcoin once occupied more than 70% of the global market share of mining machinery, becoming the leader in the mining machinery instry. Not only mining machinery, bitmainland still occupies a near monopoly position in the mining pool (that is, a mode of cooperative mining): at present, the computing power of the top six mining pools in the world accounts for 79.2%
after the invention of China's first bitcoin miner, Jianan Yun, another miner chip research company, began to engage in the research of chips in the field of blockchain and artificial intelligence. In just a few years, it has also become an internationally famous chip enterprise
in fact, as early as 2012, the United States announced that it was going to sell a butterfly miner, but many people later thought it was a scam, because it took several years for the butterfly miner to go on sale, which also made the R & D of mining machines in other countries become very scared, and they were all scrambling for time, in a sense, Butterfly mining machine is also driving the prosperity of mining machine instry. So, in 2013, the mining machine has entered a season of contention, and a large number of ASIC mining machines have been put forward: or announced research and development, or announced pre-sale, or in the form of spot: cat roasting mining machine, pigeon mining machine, TMR mining machine, biter mining machine, Rand mining Bureau, little bee mining machine, Avalon original factory and various OEM, garden mining machine, Smart mining machine and so on... Maybe you haven't heard of these mining machines, because they are basically dead. Bitcontinental, Jianan Yun and Yibang have become mining machine giants< However, as a derivative instry under the prosperity of cryptocurrency market, the price of mining machinery is closely related to the cryptocurrency Market: in the bull market, the supply of mining machinery often falls short of demand, and it is common for miners to buy Mining machinery from "scalpers" at several times high prices. At this time, mining machinery manufacturers enter the dividend period. However, in a bear market, mining machinery manufacturers will also be adversely affected. As miners' enthusiasm for mining declines, some manufacturers have to rece the price of mining machinery to recover costs. For example, when bitcoin plummeted in March this year, a certain model of mining machine sold by Huaqiangbei was on sale at a price of 5000 yuan, and the price dropped from about 19000 yuan to
14000 yuan
[summary]
at this point, we can find that whether it is the project party, the exchange, the media, or the mining machinery, it can be said that it is a kind of "one-stop"
Blockchain instry has great growth potential, and five aspects promote the healthy development of Technology Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet
some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries
the development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract
statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year
according to the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the proportion of investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) is more than 95%, with the joint investment of many instry pioneers, and most enterprises are still running around
statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018
data source: China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields
five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, promote the high-quality development of digital economy
1, in-depth study and grasp the development trend of blockchain technology and instry. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment
2. Strengthen the construction of core technology capacity of blockchain
establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain
3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain
encourage cross-border integration between blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out evaluation and detection of blockchain services, promote rich instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy
4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system
accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power"
5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development
support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professional talents needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises
the instrial scale is small, but the growth potential is huge
the blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that from 2017 to 2022, the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is estimated that all kinds of extended business based on blockchain will reach US $100 billion in 2020
instry application areas continue to expand
the financial instry takes the lead in the application of blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; Medical instry is an important area of blockchain application, which can better protect privacy, improve service quality and management efficiency; The demand of social authentication for blockchain is rising rapidly to solve the proof problem caused by information asymmetry; The application of blockchain technology in communication, supply chain and other fields is expanding rapidly
when the blockchain project is just launched, it is a good time for brand promotion. The project is promoted together with the brand, which can not only enhance the brand awareness of the blockchain, but also greatly attract users to pay attention to the project application
at present, there are 10000 + blockchain million people in the outer circle of the city. If you want to do blockchain advertising, then try it!
"Financial crimes in the name of Internet finance are becoming more and more serious." Jiang Shuzhen, director and prosecutor of the economic crime Department of the Beijing municipal procuratorate, told reporters that in recent years, the number of cases of building self financing platform in the name of P2P and issuing false credit transfer projects to finance themselves has increased year by year, and the harm has become more and more serious. In addition, illegal fund-raising in the name of virtual currency and blockchain also began to appear
According to Jiang Shuzhen's analysis, there are still some problems in financial crime cases, such as difficult investigation and evidence collection, and many disputes on the application of law. For example, in the case of illegal fund-raising, the amount of evidence collection is large, cross regional evidence collection is difficult, and there are disputes between crime and non crime, indivial crime and unit crimein addition, the regulation of financial laws and regulations on new financial formats such as Internet finance is relatively backward. Jiang Shuzhen, for example, in recent years, there have been illegal and criminal activities such as "Huaqiang coin" and "five element coin" with virtual currency as a gimmick. On September 4, 2017, the central bank and other seven ministries and commissions jointly issued the "notice on preventing the risks of token issuance and financing", which timely reminded the public to be alert to the risks of token issuance and financing and transactions, and achieved good results. But what is the meaning of token, There is a lack of law enforcement norms to regulate the illegal issuance of securities, illegal fund-raising, financial fraud, pyramid schemes and other illegal activities. In view of the problems exposed in Internet finance, blockchain and other new formats, we should improve the relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible to promote the effective connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice
content source: Red Star News
cross border payment, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bill, asset securitization, bank credit reference and other fields
① cross border payment. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation of blockchain, openness, transparency and non tampering of transactions, no third-party payment institutions join in, which shortens the payment cycle, reces costs and increases the transparency of transactions< (2) digital bill. Blockchain has the characteristics of disintermediation, system stability, consensus mechanism and tamper proof, which can rece the operational risk, market risk and moral risk in the traditional centralized system< (3) credit management. In the field of credit investigation, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, timestamp, asymmetric encryption and smart contract, which ensures that limited and controllable credit data sharing and verification can be realized on the basis of effective protection of data privacy< (4) asset securitization. The characteristics of blockchain disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering can increase the efficiency of data flow, rece costs, monitor the real situation of assets in real time, and ensure the trust of all parties in the transaction chain on the underlying assets< (5) supply chain finance. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering of blockchain, it does not need a third-party credit enhancement agency to verify the authenticity of various relevant vouchers on the supply chain, so as to rece the financing cost and financing cycle< (6) insurance business. With the development of blockchain technology, personal health status, accident records and other information may be uploaded to the blockchain in the future, so that insurance companies can obtain risk information more timely and accurately when customers take out insurance, so as to rece underwriting costs and improve efficiency. The sharing transparency of blockchain reces the information asymmetry and the risk of adverse selection; The characteristics of its history can be traced, which is concive to recing the moral hazard, thus recing the difficulty and cost of insurance management.
In the traditional supply chain finance, financing difficulty, high financing cost and cumbersome financing process have always been one of the bottlenecks restricting small and medium-sized enterprises to become bigger and stronger. Banks rely on the ability of core enterprises to control goods and regulate sales. For the sake of risk control, banks are only willing to provide factoring services to upstream suppliers (limited to first tier suppliers) with direct accounts payable obligations of core enterprises, or provide prepayment or inventory financing to their downstream distributors (first tier suppliers). As a result, the demand of secondary and tertiary suppliers / distributors with huge financing demand can not be met, the business volume of supply chain finance is limited, and the small and medium-sized enterprises can not get timely financing, which will easily lead to proct quality problems and damage the whole supply chain system
to solve these problems, we can make use of the characteristics of decentralized, tamper proof and distributed ledger of blockchain technology to build a blockchain supply chain financial platform
The core enterprise issues a / R certificate to the distributor. After the distributor signs the receipt, it indicates that it has signed the purchase and sales contract and the core enterprise delivers the goods Because of the shortage of funds, distributors need to borrow money from finance3. After the financial institutions have approved, the amount of loans will be sent to the core enterprises
The distributor will repay the loan and interest after selling the goods