Regional distribution of blockchain
Blockchain instry has great growth potential, and five aspects promote the healthy development of Technology Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet
some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries
the development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract
statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year
according to the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the proportion of investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) is more than 95%, with the joint investment of many instry pioneers, and most enterprises are still running around
statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018
data source: China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields
five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, promote the high-quality development of digital economy
1, in-depth study and grasp the development trend of blockchain technology and instry. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment
2. Strengthen the construction of core technology capacity of blockchain
establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain
3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain
encourage cross-border integration between blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out evaluation and detection of blockchain services, promote rich instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy
4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system
accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power"
5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development
support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professional talents needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises
the instrial scale is small, but the growth potential is huge
the blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that from 2017 to 2022, the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is estimated that all kinds of extended business based on blockchain will reach US $100 billion in 2020
instry application areas continue to expand
the financial instry takes the lead in the application of blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; Medical instry is an important area of blockchain application, which can better protect privacy, improve service quality and management efficiency; The demand of social authentication for blockchain is rising rapidly to solve the proof problem caused by information asymmetry; The application of blockchain technology in communication, supply chain and other fields is expanding rapidly
Blockchain technology is widely used. Under the integration of new technologies, the main application scenarios of blockchain include finance and insurance, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent environmental protection, energy and power, health care, ecation, culture and innovation, smart city, social welfare, agriculture and many other fields
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blockchain + finance
blockchain can help financial institutions solve problems such as trust and data sharing
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blockchain + right art
Tianhe Guoyun's blockchain right system
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3. Blockchain + government
in statistics, voting, budget management and other aspects, blockchain can rece costs, improve efficiency, and increase transparency, so as to prevent the risk of failure of centralized system
4. Blockchain + insurance
fraud identification and risk prevention: by placing insurance claims under an unchangeable general ledger, blockchain helps to eliminate the common sources of fraud in the insurance instry
property insurance and accidental injury insurance: policies and shared ledgers recorded in the form of smart contracts can improve the efficiency of property insurance and accidental injury insurance
Health Insurance: blockchain technology enables medical records to be encrypted and shared among health service providers, thus improving the interoperability of the health insurance ecosystem
Reinsurance: the information security of reinsurance contracts on the blockchain platform can be ensured through the form of smart contracts, which can rece the amount of information and simplify the payment process between insurers and reinsurers
Original title: China's blockchain instry market status and development trend analysis in 2019, widely used to accelerate the construction of Digital China. Basically, a relatively mature instrial chain has been formed. With the promotion of national policies and the increasing demand of downstream application fields, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is constantly developing, the regional concentration is high, and the instrial cluster effect is obvious. With the increasing maturity of blockchain technology, the blockchain instry is entering the 3.0 stage as a whole. It has a good performance in finance, logistics, right protection and other fields, and has made great contributions to promoting China's digital construction and accelerating the process of Digital China
instrial chain analysis of blockchain instry: there are many downstream application fields with huge development potential
from the perspective of instrial chain, China's blockchain instry includes upstream hardware, technology and infrastructure; Midstream blockchain application and technical services
application fields of downstream blockchain. The upstream hardware, technology and infrastructure mainly provide the necessary hardware, technology and infrastructure support for blockchain application. The hardware equipment includes mining machinery, ore pool, chip manufacturer, etc; General technologies include distributed storage, decentralized transaction, data service, distributed computing and other related technologies
the downstream application fields include the combination of application blockchain technology and existing instries, mainly including financial instry, logistics instry, right protection, medical health, instrial energy and many other fields. As an emerging technology, blockchain has many downstream application fields and great development potential
the application and service of midstream blockchain includes the construction of infrastructure platform and the provision of technical service support. The construction of infrastructure platform is divided into general infrastructure chain and vertical domain infrastructure chain; Technical service support includes technical support and service support. Similar to upstream technology, technical support is responsible for providing buyers with a series of technical support based on blockchain procts, such as blockchain security protection; Service support includes a series of services such as digital asset trading place, digital asset storage, media community, etc
instry chain analysis of blockchain instry Most of 360 and other enterprises use their own financial companies to apply blockchain technology to launch a new mode of blockchain + finance and broaden the application scenarios of blockchain technology
With the continuous development of China's blockchain technology and the continuous expansion of blockchain application fields, China's blockchain instry will become the forefront of global technology development and open up a new international competition track in the future2. Blockchain has become a new hot spot for innovation and entrepreneurship, and technology integration will expand new application space
3. Blockchain will be widely implemented in the real economy in the next three years and become an important support for the construction of Digital China
4. Blockchain creates a new platform economy and opens a new era of sharing economy
5. Blockchain accelerates the process of "credible digitization" and drives finance to "move from virtual to real" to serve the real economy
The blockchain supervision and standard system will be further improved, and the instrial development foundation will continue to be consolidatedfinancial field
blockchain has great potential application value in international exchange, letter of credit, equity registration, stock exchange and other financial fields. The application of blockchain technology in the financial instry can save the third-party intermediary link and realize the point-to-point direct docking, so as to greatly rece the cost and quickly complete the transaction payment
in the field of Internet of things and logistics, blockchain can also be naturally combined in the field of Internet of things and logistics. Through blockchain, we can rece logistics costs, trace the proction and delivery process of goods, and improve the efficiency of supply chain management. This field is considered as a promising application direction of blockchain
in the field of public service
blockchain is closely related to people's proction and life in the fields of public management, energy, transportation, etc., but the centralization of these fields also brings some problems, which can be transformed by blockchain. The decentralized and fully distributed DNS service provided by the blockchain can realize domain name query and resolution through the point-to-point data transmission service between nodes in the network. It can be used to ensure that the operating system and firmware of an important infrastructure have not been tampered with. It can monitor the status and integrity of the software and detect bad tampering, And ensure that the data transmitted by the system using the Internet of things technology has not been tampered with
in the field of digital right
through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated to prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works and ensure the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. After the works are confirmed on the blockchain, the subsequent transactions will be recorded in real time to realize the full life cycle management of digital rights, and can also be used as a technical guarantee in judicial evidence collection
in the field of insurance
in terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment and claims settlement, and often have higher management and operation costs. Through the application of smart contract, there is no need for the applicant to apply or the insurance company to approve. As long as the claim conditions are triggered, the automatic claim settlement of the policy can be realized
public welfare
the data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and tamperable, which is naturally suitable for social public welfare scenarios. The relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation project, collection details, fund flow, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain, and can be made transparent and public, which is convenient for social supervision
(1) distributed ledger, that is, transaction bookkeeping is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records complete accounts, so they can participate in monitoring the legitimacy of transactions, At the same time, they can testify together
different from traditional distributed storage, the uniqueness of distributed storage of blockchain is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is that each node of blockchain stores complete data according to block chain structure, while traditional distributed storage generally stores data in multiple copies according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has the same status, which relies on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while the traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data from the central node to other backup nodes[ 8]
no single node can record the account data separately, so as to avoid the possibility that a single bookkeeper is controlled or bribed to record false accounts. In theory, unless all the nodes are destroyed, the accounts will not be lost, so as to ensure the security of the account data
(2) asymmetric encryption and authorization technology, the transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted, which can only be accessed under the authorization of the data owner, thus ensuring the data security and personal privacy
(3) consensus mechanism is how to reach a consensus among all accounting nodes to determine the validity of a record, which is not only a means of identification, but also a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and achieve a balance between efficiency and security
the consensus mechanism of blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority is subordinate to the majority" and "everyone is equal", in which "the minority is subordinate to the majority" does not completely refer to the number of nodes, but also can be the computing power, the number of shares or other characteristics that can be compared by computers“ "Everyone is equal" means that when the nodes meet the conditions, all nodes have the right to put forward the consensus results first, and then directly recognized by other nodes, and finally may become the final consensus results. Taking bitcoin as an example, the workload proof is adopted. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the whole network are controlled can a nonexistent record be forged. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
(4) smart contract, which is based on these trusted and tamperable data, can automatically execute some pre-defined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and reliable, it is easy to carry out automatic claim settlement in some standardized insurance procts
According to the 2018 white paper on China's blockchain Instry issued by the information center of the Ministry of instry and information technology of China on the 20th, China's blockchain instry is in a stage of rapid development, and the instrial chain has been initially formed
according to the distribution of blockchain instry segments, as of the end of March 2018, the number of instry application service companies in the blockchain instry was the largest, including 86 companies mainly providing application services for the financial instry and 109 companies mainly providing application services for the real instry. In addition, there are more than 40 related companies in blockchain solutions, underlying platforms, blockchain media and communities
content source: phoenix.com
at present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and instrial change sweeping the world, big data, cloud computing, Internet of things, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other new technologies continue to emerge, and the digital economy is profoundly changing the way of human proction and life, becoming a new driving force of economic growth. As a disruptive technology, blockchain is leading a new round of technological and instrial changes in the world, and is expected to become
the "source" of global technological innovation and mode innovation, and promote the change from "information internet" to "value Internet"
in China's 13th five year plan for national informatization, blockchain is regarded as a key cutting-edge technology, and it is clearly proposed to strengthen the innovation, experiment and application of new technologies such as blockchain, so as to seize the leading power of the new generation of information technology. At present, China's blockchain technology continues to innovate, and the blockchain instry has initially taken shape. It has begun to be rapidly applied in supply chain finance, credit reference, proct traceability, right trading, digital identity, electronic evidence and other fields. It is expected to promote China's economic system to achieve technological change, organizational change and efficiency change, and make an important contribution to the construction of a modern economic system
as of June 2018, China's blockchain related business has initially formed a scale under the promotion of the government, enterprises and capital, and is in the forefront of the world in terms of the number of patents, financing environment, policy support and application landing
the instry is developing at a high speed, and the number of enterprises is increasing rapidly
according to the statistical data of the "in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry" released by prospective instry research institute, there were 406 patent applications related to blockchain in the world in 2017, of which 225 were from China. As of the end of March 2018, the number of blockchain based companies in China has reached 456. The blockchain instry has initially formed a scale. From the upstream hardware manufacturing, platform services, security services to the downstream instrial technology application services, instry investment, media publicity, talent services and other instrial chain links are basically complete
from the change of the number of newly established companies in China's blockchain instry, the number of Companies in this field began to increase in 2014, and the number of newly established companies increased significantly in 2016, more than 100, more than three times of 2015. 2017 is the peak period of blockchain entrepreneurship in recent years. Due to the rapid popularization of blockchain concept and the graal maturity of technology, many entrepreneurs swarmed into this field, and the number of newly established companies reached 178
from equipment manufacturing to instrial application, the context of the blockchain instry chain is graally clear
from the distribution of newly established companies in the blockchain instry segmentation field, as of the end of March 2018, the number of instrial application companies in the blockchain field is the largest, including 86 companies serving the financial instry and 109 companies serving the real economy. In addition, there are more than 40 related companies in blockchain solutions, underlying platforms, blockchain media and communities
judging from the distribution of investment events in blockchain instry segments, companies related to instrial application services have the largest number of investment events, with a total of 113. It can be seen that investors are paying more and more attention to projects with specific application scenarios that can be actually implemented. The number of events in the field of underlying platform is 42, and the number of events in the field of blockchain media and community is 28. The field of blockchain is attracting more and more entrepreneurs and capital, becoming a new highland for innovation and entrepreneurship. With the development of blockchain technology and the acceleration of application, the instrial scale will continue to increase, and this field is expected to become a new economic growth point in the future
the influx of Internet giants has rapidly promoted the development of China's blockchain instry
blockchain technology is not only favored by start-ups, but also widely concerned by internet giants. Internet giants have expanded their blockchain business and rapidly promoted the development of China's
blockchain instry. At present, Tencent, Alibaba, Internet, Jingdong and other Internet instry giants have joined in the research and scenario application of blockchain technology
the regional distribution is relatively concentrated, and the instrial agglomeration effect is obvious
from the perspective of the regional distribution of China's blockchain companies, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Zhejiang are still the concentration places of blockchain entrepreneurship, accounting for more than 80% of the total. Among them, Beijing is in the absolute leading position with 175 companies, accounting for 38%; Shanghai ranked second with 95 companies, accounting for 21%; Guangdong Province ranked third with 71 companies, accounting for 16%; Zhejiang Province ranked fourth with 36 companies, accounting for 8%. In addition, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Fujian, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou are among the top ten provinces in China's blockchain entrepreneurial activity
the application of blockchain is diversified, extending from finance to the physical field
blockchain technology has the characteristics of distributed, tamper proof, high transparency and traceability, which is very suitable for the business needs of the whole financial system. Therefore, it has been applied in payment and clearing, credit financing, financial transactions, securities, insurance, leasing and other sub fields. For example, Minsheng Bank and China CITIC Bank jointly launched the first domestic L / C blockchain application, and Ping An of China's two major application scenarios of asset trading and credit reference have been online. China Merchants Bank has landed the first domestic blockchain cross-border payment application, and Weizhong bank has shortened the reconciliation time from t + 1 day to t + 0 day through the inter agency reconciliation platform based on blockchain, realizing daily quasi real-time reconciliation
with the graal maturity of blockchain technology innovation and development, the actual effect of instrial application has become more and more obvious
now, the application of blockchain has extended from the financial field to the physical field, including electronic information deposit, right management and trading, proct traceability, digital asset trading, Internet of things, intelligent manufacturing, supply chain management and other fields. Blockchain technology began to be deeply integrated with the real economy instry, forming a number of "instrial blockchain" projects, ushering in the era of "a hundred flowers bloom" of instrial blockchain
to realize "informatization of cooperation links" and help the real economy rece costs and improve efficiency
from the current actual landing cases, the landing application of instrial blockchain technology should solve some "small problems" for the instry realistically, and focus on improving the informatization level of instrial cooperation links, Specifically, we can promote the development of traditional instries from two aspects of "cost rection" and "efficiency improvement"
in addition to low cost and high efficiency, blockchain can also realize "trust transfer" or "trust spillover". Based on blockchain technology, since the information on the chain can not be tampered with, the third party can also trust the information after the two parties jointly verify a transaction, In fact, this kind of trusted state can be transmitted to a third party, and then realize the capitalization of data. In addition, it is very easy for institutions to turn from the "black box" state to the "white box" state, that is, the operational mechanism of institutions is transparent, which makes it very easy to prove their innocence and greatly reces the cost of mutual trust between multi-agent
furthermore, blockchain will play a role of "improving the efficiency of instrial chain collaboration". To improve the level of instrial collaboration is an important way to promote made in China to move towards the middle and high end, and also an important requirement for building a modern economic system. However, in many instries, the efficiency of instrial chain collaboration is still not high, especially in the field of international trade
technology abuse leads to certain risks in instrial development, which can not be ignored
although the positive value of blockchain technology is graally emerging, there are still a series of risks that can not be ignored in the process of instrial development. On the one hand, it is compliance risk. In the early stage of the development of blockchain, because it has the property of transmitting value, it has attracted some behaviors that are not focused on technology application, but are keen on illegal fund-raising, pyramid selling and even fraud through ICO (initial token issue)
the instrial policy system has been graally constructed, and the instrial development environment has been continuously optimized
the blockchain technology has risen to the level of national science and technology strategy. In December 2016, the notice of the State Council on printing and distributing the 13th five year plan for national informatization first mentioned blockchain, and took it together with quantum communication, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, big data cognitive analysis, driverless vehicles and other technologies as key cutting-edge technologies, clearly proposed the need to strengthen the innovation, testing and application of blockchain and other new technologies, In order to seize the leading power of the new generation of information technology. Secondly, relevant instry, national and international standards are also speeding up to solve the key technical standards of blockchain and promote the ecological development of blockchain instry. In order to grasp the development opportunity of blockchain instry and seize the commanding point of blockchain instry development, local governments timely issued blockchain technology and instrial development support policies, which ushered in a new outbreak of blockchain instry
at present, local governments are actively positioning blockchain technology from the perspective of instry and seizing the new opportunities brought by technology upgrading. For example, in March 2018, the Hebei provincial government issued the guiding opinions on accelerating instrial transformation and upgrading and building a modern instrial system, proposing to actively cultivate and develop future instries such as blockchain and build a world-class high-tech instrial cluster< According to the overall plan of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, preventing and defusing major risks is one of the priorities of China's economic work in the next three years, and the key to preventing and defusing major risks is to prevent and control financial risks. Therefore, China also actively strengthens instry supervision, prevents possible financial risks in the process of blockchain development, maintains the stability and security of national finance, and promotes the healthy development of blockchain instry, so as to better play the positive role of blockchain "value Internet"
blockchain is a cutting-edge technology, and the new regulatory challenges caused by technology also require the continuous progress of regulatory technology. "Reg tech" (regulatory Technology) in the financial technology segment. It is to use new technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain to solve regulatory compliance problems and rece compliance costs. Blockchain filing platform and blockchain based regulatory system all belong to the field of reg tech. There have been companies engaged in regulatory technology in China, which mainly provide regulatory technology solutions for the government, major banks and other financial regulatory agencies. Jinqiu technology, zhongxiangbit and other companies have launched a supervision system based on blockchain.