Explain blockchain in detail
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. It is essentially a disintermediated database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains the information of a bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the effectiveness of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies
in a narrow sense, blockchain is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential way according to the time sequence, and it can not be tampered with and forged by cryptography
broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method to program and operate data by using intelligent contract composed of automated script code
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the evolution mode of blockchain is as follows:
& 9642; Blockchain 1.0 - digital currency
▪ Blockchain 2.0 - digital assets and smart contracts
▪ Blockchain 3.0 - Implementation of distributed applications in various instries
blockchain features:
1. Disintermediation. Due to the use of Distributed Accounting and storage, there is no centralized hardware or management organization in the system, the rights and obligations of any node are equal, and the data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system
2. Openness. The system is open. In addition to the private information of all parties to the transaction is encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to all. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
3. Autonomy. Blockchain adopts consensus based specifications and Protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the whole system to exchange data freely and safely in a de trusted environment, so that the trust in "people" is changed into the trust in machines, and any human intervention does not work
The information can not be tampered with. Once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid. Therefore, the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high5. Anonymity. Because the exchange between nodes follows a fixed algorithm, the data interaction does not need to be trusted (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is effective). Therefore, the counterparties do not need to make the other party trust themselves by disclosing their identities, which is very helpful for the accumulation of credit
blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which has the characteristics of decentralization, distributed storage, encryption algorithm, whole process trace, traceability, collective maintenance, openness and transparency take taking charge of Department funds as an example, the traditional way is to assign a person in the Department to keep accounts and manage the Department funds. This person can directly manipulate the remaining amount or the amount of each use, and make profits from it by taking advantage of his authority. This is the traditional centralized management and in the blockchain management mode, , everyone in the Department has a fund use book, which is added by relevant personnel, and synchronized to their own book after other personnel check. Each transaction will record the usage time, user, amount and content of funds, and generate corresponding serial number for marking. The serial number of each transaction will be stored together with the usage of the next transaction. Each bookkeeping will be encrypted, and so on. At the same time, the account book of each person in the Department is visible to everyone outside, and anyone can query the use of each fund through the account book in the management mode of blockchain, multi person synchronous bookkeeping is "decentralized management" everyone in the department checks and stores it, which is called "consensus mechanism" everyone records the use of each fund, which is called "distributed storage" the serial number generated by the detailed usage of each fund is called "hash value" store the serial number and the usage of the next fund, which is called "whole evidence chain" everyone's account book is visible to everyone outside, which is called "openness and transparency" to query the usage of each fund is called "traceability" if someone wants to tamper with a certain amount of funds, the serial number of the funds will be changed accordingly, and this person needs to tamper with all subsequent account records on the account book and the account book records of all people. However, this can be realized on the premise that it can crack the encryption processing of everyone's every bookkeeping. Moreover, once the system finds that there is an account book different from everyone's, the blockchain will automatically correct the "wrong" account book. This can fully guarantee the originality and non tamperability of blockchain electronic data
blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger database . The advantage of this distributed ledger is that buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary. Everyone has a backup, even if you lose this, it will not be affected
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blockchain application field
1, financial field
blockchain has potential huge application value in international exchange, letter of credit, equity registration, stock exchange and other financial fields. The application of blockchain technology in the financial instry can save the third-party intermediary link and realize the point-to-point direct docking, so as to greatly rece the cost and quickly complete the transaction payment
2. The Internet of things and logistics
blockchain can also be naturally combined in the field of Internet of things and logistics. Through blockchain, we can rece logistics costs, trace the proction and delivery process of goods, and improve the efficiency of supply chain management. This field is considered as a promising application direction of blockchain
3. The data stored on the public welfare field
blockchain is highly reliable and tamperable, which is naturally suitable for social public welfare scenarios. The relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation project, collection details, fund flow, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain, and can be made transparent and public, which is convenient for social supervision
4. In the field of insurance
in terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment and claims settlement, and often have higher management and operation costs. Through the application of smart contract, there is no need for the applicant to apply or the insurance company to approve. As long as the claim conditions are triggered, the automatic claim settlement of the policy can be realized
using ordinary computer CPU does carry out bitcoin mining. Because bitcoin mining has formed a huge instry all over the world, ordinary computer is difficult to dig bitcoin. You need to buy expensive and professional bitcoin ASIC mining machine and join bitcoin miners' organization to dig bitcoin, that is, join the mine to dig Mining
bitcoin mining machine market has a high threshold. It is suggested that new players who want to dig for gold should be cautious.
at present, bitcoin mining needs professional ASIC mining machine. For example, Avalon mining machine, the mainstream of the market, is said that Avalon's fourth generation 28nm process chip, that is, chip flow, is expected to focus on the fifth generation 16nm process chip