Blockchain and social assistance
community blockchain represented by bitcoin; It is also called alliance chain, which means that the nodes participating in the blockchain are selected in advance, and there are usually good network connections and other cooperative relationships between the nodes; Community blockchain is a practical application scenario of the combination of blockchain and physical goods, such as Domenech jewelry's Maobei mode
Blockchain technology is widely used. Under the integration of new technologies, the main application scenarios of blockchain include finance and insurance, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent environmental protection, energy and power, health care, ecation, culture and innovation, smart city, social welfare, agriculture and many other fields
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blockchain + finance
blockchain can help financial institutions solve problems such as trust and data sharing
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blockchain + right art
Tianhe Guoyun's blockchain right system
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3. Blockchain + government
in statistics, voting, budget management and other aspects, blockchain can rece costs, improve efficiency, and increase transparency, so as to prevent the risk of failure of centralized system
4. Blockchain + insurance
fraud identification and risk prevention: by placing insurance claims under an unchangeable general ledger, blockchain helps to eliminate the common sources of fraud in the insurance instry
property insurance and accidental injury insurance: policies and shared ledgers recorded in the form of smart contracts can improve the efficiency of property insurance and accidental injury insurance
Health Insurance: blockchain technology enables medical records to be encrypted and shared among health service providers, thus improving the interoperability of the health insurance ecosystem
Reinsurance: the information security of reinsurance contracts on the blockchain platform can be ensured through the form of smart contracts, which can rece the amount of information and simplify the payment process between insurers and reinsurers
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
As of May 2020, blockchain and digital currency are illegal in China
according to the announcement of the people's Bank of China Central Network Information Office, Ministry of instry and information technology, State Administration for Instry and commerce, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission on preventing the risks of token issuance and financing, Article 2 no organization or indivial shall illegally engage in token issuance and financing activities. Organizations and indivials that have completed the token issuance and financing should make arrangements such as refund, reasonably protect the rights and interests of investors, and properly handle risks. Relevant departments will seriously investigate and deal with the activities of token issuance and financing that refuse to stop and the illegal behaviors in completed token issuance and financing projects
Article 3 strengthen the management of token financing trading platform
from the date of this announcement, any so-called token financing trading platform shall not engage in the exchange business between legal currency and token and "virtual currency", and shall not buy or sell token or "virtual currency" as a central counter party, and shall not provide pricing for token or "virtual currency" Information intermediary and other services
extension data
"illegal financial institutions and illegal financial business activities ban" stipulates that:
eleventh, the criminal suspect, funds and property involved in illegal financial institutions and illegal financial activities, and the public security organs shall take compulsory measures according to law to prevent suspect from escaping and transferring funds and property. p>
Article 12 the people's Bank of China shall, after investigation and confirmation, make a decision to ban the illegal financial institutions and financial business activities, declare them illegal, order them to stop all business activities, and make an announcement
Article 13 if the people's Bank of China discovers that a financial institution opens an account, handles settlement and provides loans for an illegal financial institution or illegal financial business activities, it shall order the financial institution to stop the relevant business activities immediately. No unit or indivial may use the relevant funds without authorizationbefore discussing how to apply blockchain in daily life, let's talk about what blockchain is and how it works
blockchain is an open distributed database, which is essentially a computer file used to store information (data)
the name of blockchain comes from its structural characteristics: the file is composed of data blocks, and each block is linked to the previous block to form a chain. Each block contains data, such as transaction records and records when the block was edited or created. Information (data) is stamped with time stamp, which is the origin of blockchain
it is crucial that, unlike centralized databases owned by companies or government agencies, blockchain is not controlled by any person or entity, and data is completely copied (distributed) on multiple computers
because it is a decentralized way to store and access data, it becomes extremely secure. Different from the centralized database, the attacker does not have a single entry point, so the data security is more guaranteed<
in addition to the two characteristics of decentralization and security, blockchain has become a leading technology which is different from other technologies:
tamperability: once entering the blockchain, any information can not be changed, even the administrator can not modify this information. It makes blockchain easy to audit
accessible: all nodes in the network can easily access information
no third party: blockchain can help point-to-point transactions, so whether you are trading or exchanging funds, you do not need the approval of a third party. Blockchain itself is a platform
the impact of blockchain technology
first, the open and tamperable nature of blockchain technology makes it possible to decentralize the trust mechanism. It has the potential to change the financial infrastructure. Various financial assets, such as equity, bonds, bills, warehouse receipts and fund shares, can be integrated into the blockchain ledger to become digital assets on the blockchain, which can be stored, transferred and used in the blockchain Deal. It has a broad application prospect in the financial field. For example, it has typical applications in cross-border payment, insurance claims, securities trading, bills, etc
Second, the current Internet of things ecosystem relies on the centralized network management architecture, and all devices are connected through the cloud server. With the expansion of the network scale, the infrastructure and maintenance of centralized cloud servers, large servers and network equipment will occupy a high cost
in the decentralized Internet of things, blockchain is a framework to promote transaction processing and cooperation among interactive devices, and each device on the network can operate as an independent and micro business entity< Third, public service is a factor to promote economic growth and social progress. The supply of public service has an important impact on various subjects, systems, cultures, attitudes and behaviors in the process of political, economic and social development. The traditional notarization relies on the government, and the limited data dimension and the historical data information chain that has not been established often lead to the government and schools unable to obtain complete and effective information. Using blockchain, tamper proof can be established. In the fields of digital rights, intellectual property rights, certificates and public welfare, new authentication mechanisms can be established to improve the management level of public services.