Innovative application of blockchain of MIIT
Three questions blockchain (economic hot spot)
recently, news about bitcoin is very eye-catching, and blockchain is on fire. In the capital market, the rise and fall of various blockchain concept stocks is like a roller coaster. It can be seen from the sensitive capital market that the blockchain is on the way and is highly concerned by all parties
"blockchain technology is essentially a kind of database technology, specifically a kind of ledger technology. The account book records the asset changes and transactions of one or more accounts. In fact, it is a kind of database with the simplest structure. The daily accounts we usually record in the small account book and the statements sent by the bank are typical account books. " Wang Jun, chief researcher of Tencent Financial technology think tank, said that security is a major feature of blockchain technology, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the distributed storage architecture. The more nodes there are, the higher the security of data storage is; The other is the ingenious design of tamper proof and decentralization, which makes it difficult for anyone to modify data without following the rules
take the online shopping transaction as an example, the traditional mode is that the buyer purchases the goods, and then sends the money to the intermediary platform of the third-party payment institution. After the seller delivers the goods and the buyer confirms the receipt, the buyer informs the payment institution to send the money to the seller's account. The transaction mode supported by blockchain technology is different. Buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary platform. After the transaction between the buyer and the seller, the system publishes the transaction information in the form of broadcast, and all hosts receiving the information record the transaction after confirming that the information is correct, which means that all hosts have done data backup for the transaction. Even if a machine has problems in the future, it will not affect the data recording, because there are countless machines as backup
when it comes to blockchain, many people associate it with bitcoin, and many even equate blockchain with bitcoin. He Fei said that bitcoin is a way of presenting blockchain, but blockchain is not the same as bitcoin. Blockchain is the underlying technology and infrastructure of bitcoin, and bitcoin is a successful application of blockchain, but it does not mean that blockchain can only be applied to bitcoin
What is the use ofblockchain
can solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields such as finance, public welfare, supervision, anti-counterfeiting, but there are many applicable conditions
financial service is the first application field of blockchain technology. The application of blockchain technology can solve the pain points in payment, asset management, securities and other fields
taking the payment field as an example, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement among financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, is high, involving many manual processes, which not only leads to high costs for users and financial institutions' back-end business, but also makes it difficult to develop micro payment business. The application of blockchain technology helps to rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing efficiency of payment business. In addition, the cost and efficiency advantages brought by blockchain technology in the field of payment enable financial institutions to better handle the small cross-border payment which was considered unrealistic e to high cost in the past, and contribute to the realization of Inclusive Finance
for example, in order to solve the problem of high reconciliation cost among financial institutions, in August 2016, Weizhong bank and Shanghai Huarui Bank launched the inter agency reconciliation platform of micro loan, which is also the first application scenario of banking alliance chain running in the proction environment in China. Zhang Kaixiang, chief architect of Weizhong bank's blockchain, believes that the high cost problem that the traditional "batch file reconciliation" model has failed to solve for a long time is exactly where blockchain technology can be used. Subsequently, Bank of Luoyang and Bank of Changsha have also been connected to the inter agency reconciliation platform. Through the blockchain technology, the inter agency reconciliation process in the micro loan business has been optimized, achieving the goals of quasi real-time reconciliation, improving operation efficiency and recing operation cost. Up to now, the platform has been running stably for more than one year, with zero failure, and the number of real transactions recorded has reached tens of millions
in the field of public welfare, blockchain technology is also promising. The first application scenario of ant financial services involving blockchain is public welfare, which helps a group of hearing-impaired children get a donation, and then uses blockchain technology to promote public welfare to be more open and transparent. Hu Danqing, senior proct expert of ant financial services technology laboratory, said: "the blockchain public welfare platform is like a post office dedicated to mailing funds on the Internet. Every sum of money donated by users will be packaged into a package, which will be delivered through the blockchain platform. Every node we pass through will be stamped with a postmark and finally delivered to the recipient. This can ensure that every sum of money donated by users is transparent, traceable and difficult to tamper with. "
blockchain technology can be used to crack down on counterfeit goods. Hu Danqing introced that ant financial services has applied blockchain technology to the traceability of authentic procts. At present, some seafood procts from Australia and New Zealand, such as milk powder, are swept away with Alipay, so they can know if they are genuine procts. Different from previous businesses' self input of commodity information, blockchain allows multiple "bookkeepers" to complete bookkeeping fairly, independently and non repudiately. "
for financial supervision, blockchain technology can also play a role. According to the white paper of FISCO bcos, the underlying platform of financial blockchain, issued by the financial blockchain cooperation alliance (Shenzhen) in 2017, blockchain provides consistent and easy to audit data for financial regulators. Through the data analysis of inter agency blockchain, it can supervise financial business faster and more accurately than the traditional audit process. For example, in the anti money laundering scenario, the balance and transaction records of each account are traceable, and any link of any transaction will not be separated from the regulatory line of sight, which will greatly improve the anti money laundering efforts
some people in the instry believe that blockchain 1.0 is mainly aimed at digital currency; Blockchain 2.0 aims at smart contracts and can be applied in financial markets; Blockchain 3.0 will apply to more scenarios, and even create a "blockchain era"
He Fei believes that blockchain can indeed solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields, but blockchain is not omnipotent and has many applicable conditions
for example, the decentralization of blockchain technology is suitable for multi-party participation scenarios, and if it is only unilateral or bilateral participation, the value is not great. Due to the need for each node to check, blockchain technology is not suitable for those high-frequency trading activities
for another example, blockchain emphasizes openness and transparency, which is not suitable for scenarios with high data privacy requirements
will blockchain become a new outlet
technology is not yet mature enough. We must be alert to the concept of speculation. In particular, we should distinguish between technological innovation or fund-raising innovation. We can not block the chain chain concept of
block chain so that we will not become a "Internet plus". p>
in recent years, the development ecology of blockchain has been graally improved and enriched. Instry insiders believe that with national policy support, extensive attention and financial support, blockchain technology can achieve graal and stable progress. Although the prospect of blockchain technology is broad, we should also keep an ordinary mind
"despite the current blockchain craze, we still believe that it is still in a very early stage." Hu Danqing said that at present, there is a virtual heat in the concept of blockchain. Instead of using technology to solve practical problems, it is hot to raise money and speculate on valuation. In particular, most of the so-called ICO (initial token issuance) that are hot are innovation of fund-raising tools, which has nothing to do with technological innovation
blockchain technology can indeed create great value, but some risks can not be ignored
"blockchain technology is not very mature, and its application scenarios are relatively limited, so we should be more alert to the concept of capital market speculation." He Fei said that behind the blockchain boom, there will inevitably be some companies that want to speculate. They do not really carry out business, but just try to make a profit in the capital market. They should be careful to prevent the emergence of "bad money drives out good money", which will lead to the withdrawal of institutions that really want to carry out business from the market and affect the application of blockchain technology
Hu Danqing suggested that for the current blockchain craze, regulatory authorities should be more active in intervening, distinguish between technological innovation and fund-raising innovation, encourage government organizations, credible experts and instry participants to help the public identify, comprehensively curb fund-raising innovation in the name of blockchain, and let the actual controller of ICO bear responsibility for fund-raising behavior“ The basis for judging whether it is technological innovation or fund-raising innovation is actually very clear, that is, whether it starts with trust and whether it creates practical value by solving the trust problem. "
in order to better promote and use blockchain technology in the future, we need to continue to improve the infrastructure and strengthen the formulation of relevant laws and policies
Wang Jun believes that there is still room for optimization and improvement of core technologies of blockchain such as consensus algorithm; On the other hand, the processing efficiency of blockchain is difficult to meet the requirements of some high-frequency application environments in reality. At present, the mainstream blockchain technology platforms are originated in foreign countries. Domestic blockchain technology service providers should patiently start from the bottom development, achieve independent and controllable technology, and strive to lead the development of global blockchain technology. Enterprises with blockchain application scenarios should actively embrace new things and scientifically evaluate the demand for blockchain, instead of blockchain for the sake of blockchainHe Fei believes that the government can issue relevant policies to guide the enterprises who are interested in the R & D and application of blockchain technology, and at the same time, clarify some suitable application scenarios of blockchain and areas encouraged by the state
the white paper 2016 on the development of China's blockchain technology and application suggests that government departments at all levels should learn from the advanced practices of developed countries and regions and, in combination with the development of China's blockchain technology and application, timely issue support policies for blockchain technology and instrial development, focusing on supporting key technology tackling, major demonstration projects, the construction of "innovation and entrepreneurship" platform, and the development of China's blockchain technology and application System solution development and public service platform construction. At the same time, it is suggested that domestic key enterprises, scientific research institutions, universities and user units should strengthen cooperation to speed up the research of core key technologies such as consensus mechanism, programmable contract, distributed storage and digital signature
can bring money to the enterprise will become the outlet
Original title: China's blockchain instry market status and development trend analysis in 2019, widely used to accelerate the construction of Digital China. Basically, a relatively mature instrial chain has been formed. With the promotion of national policies and the increasing demand of downstream application fields, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is constantly developing, the regional concentration is high, and the instrial cluster effect is obvious. With the increasing maturity of blockchain technology, the blockchain instry is entering the 3.0 stage as a whole. It has a good performance in finance, logistics, right protection and other fields, and has made great contributions to promoting China's digital construction and accelerating the process of Digital China
instrial chain analysis of blockchain instry: there are many downstream application fields with huge development potential
from the perspective of instrial chain, China's blockchain instry includes upstream hardware, technology and infrastructure; Midstream blockchain application and technical services
application fields of downstream blockchain. The upstream hardware, technology and infrastructure mainly provide the necessary hardware, technology and infrastructure support for blockchain application. The hardware equipment includes mining machinery, ore pool, chip manufacturer, etc; General technologies include distributed storage, decentralized transaction, data service, distributed computing and other related technologies
the downstream application fields include the combination of application blockchain technology and existing instries, mainly including financial instry, logistics instry, right protection, medical health, instrial energy and many other fields. As an emerging technology, blockchain has many downstream application fields and great development potential
the application and service of midstream blockchain includes the construction of infrastructure platform and the provision of technical service support. The construction of infrastructure platform is divided into general infrastructure chain and vertical domain infrastructure chain; Technical service support includes technical support and service support. Similar to upstream technology, technical support is responsible for providing buyers with a series of technical support based on blockchain procts, such as blockchain security protection; Service support includes a series of services such as digital asset trading place, digital asset storage, media community, etc
instry chain analysis of blockchain instry Most of 360 and other enterprises use their own financial companies to apply blockchain technology to launch a new mode of blockchain + finance and broaden the application scenarios of blockchain technology
With the continuous development of China's blockchain technology and the continuous expansion of blockchain application fields, China's blockchain instry will become the forefront of global technology development and open up a new international competition track in the future2. Blockchain has become a new hot spot for innovation and entrepreneurship, and technology integration will expand new application space
3. Blockchain will be widely implemented in the real economy in the next three years and become an important support for the construction of Digital China
4. Blockchain creates a new platform economy and opens a new era of sharing economy
5. Blockchain accelerates the process of "credible digitization" and drives finance to "move from virtual to real" to serve the real economy
The blockchain supervision and standard system will be further improved, and the instrial development foundation will continue to be consolidatedAnalysis on the expenditure scale and application prospect of China's blockchain instry in 2018 will be close to US $300 million in 2019, so as to solve the short board problem and promote economic development
blockchain technology is expected to be widely used in the economic field
blockchain technology has strong practical significance for cultivating new momentum of economic growth, building an honest society, improving the level of management technology and alleviating the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, It is expected to be widely used in the economic field. At present, the application of blockchain technology is still in the early stage of development, facing many challenges. We should actively promote the application of blockchain in many economic and social fields, scenes and environments, create a good environment for instrial development, improve the quality of development, strengthen the research and development of blockchain core technology, professional application demonstration, and strengthen standard manufacturing Personnel training and the construction of public service platform
in 2019, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will be close to US $300 million
according to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by prospective instry research institute , as of 2017, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market is only US $83 million. In 2018, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will reach US $160 million. It is predicted that the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will be close to US $300 million in 2019. At this stage, the overall market scale of blockchain is small, because most blockchain projects in the market are in the trial stage, with little investment. On the other hand, many enterprises have realized the potential of blockchain and plan to increase the budget in the future. Affected by this, China's blockchain market will usher in rapid growth. It is estimated that the market expenditure will reach US $1.95 billion by 2023, and the average annual compound growth rate will be 60.51% from 2019 to 2023
Statistics and forecast of China's blockchain market expenditure scale from 2017 to 2023. At present, blockchain technology is not mature in system stability, application security, business model, etc., which can not meet the requirements of "high efficiency and low energy", "decentralization" and "security" at the same time. First, performance. The transaction throughput that can be carried out on the blockchain is not high, and the current block capacity is very small, which leads to network congestion, and it is difficult to meet the needs of high-frequency business. Many projects are also starting to optimize, but there is still a certain distance from the transaction throughput of real scenes such as banks and stock exchanges. Second, consensus mechanism. In terms of energy consumption, consensus algorithms such as workload proof consume a lot of energy and cost, which makes blockchain waste a lot of network computing power and pairing power; In terms of types, there are too few types of blockchain consensus mechanisms at present. In the future diversified business scenarios, more abundant consensus mechanisms are necessary to adapt. Third, security. Privacy protection, harmful information on the chain, smart contract vulnerability, consensus mechanism and private key protection, computing power attack, cryptography algorithm security and other issues make the blockchain face a severe situation of platform security and application security. Fourth, the database problem. Different from traditional databases, blockchain applications require a lot of write operations, hash calculation and verification operations. The database system for blockchain is still a difficult point to break through2. Unclear application scenarios
currently, the blockchain project is still in the exploration stage, and no specific landing scenarios can be found. At present, the more promising fields are finance, sharing economy, Internet of things, public services, etc., but from the perspective of the existing blockchain technology maturity, there are still many problems in the application of blockchain, and there is still a gap from the actual use. First, the immaturity of blockchain technology restricts the implementation of commercial applications. At present, although there are many kinds of blockchain core technologies such as privacy protection algorithm and consensus mechanism, they generally do not have commercial availability. Second, the application mode of blockchain is still in exploration, and the "irreplaceable" advantage of blockchain has not been reflected. Blockchain itself represents a consensus system, so we should build a consensus system in line with the corresponding business scenarios from a higher level, rather than just "business + blockchain". There are many users in China, and the business scenario is complex. Moreover, any commercial proct will involve a very large flow and population. The current blockchain technology can not meet the demand
3, lack of professional talents
blockchain technology is a multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, which mainly involves operating system, network communication, cryptography, mathematics, finance, proction and so on. However, at present, there are still deficiencies in interdisciplinary and fields in China, and the supply of talents in related fields is seriously insufficient. On the one hand, there is a large gap of R & D technical talents. Blockchain technology research and development mainly focuses on go, JavaScript, C and C + programming languages, and new smart contracts use Haskell, Ocaml, rhoang and other new functional programming languages. In China's talent market, there is a big gap for technical talents with senior R & D experience in relevant languages. On the other hand, there is a lack of bottom design talents. Different from R & D technical talents, blockchain bottom system architecture designers need to master a number of interdisciplinary professional skills, not only to deeply understand the block chain bottom design principle, but also to have the system architecture design experience, but also to master the business logic of specific application scenarios. Although some colleges and universities have launched interdisciplinary ecation and blockchain special skills discipline setting, professional talents are still very scarce
analysis of favorable factors for the development of China's blockchain. In January 2017, the Ministry of instry and information technology issued the development plan of software and information technology service instry (2016-2020), which proposed that the innovation in blockchain and other fields should reach the international advanced level. In August 2017, the State Council issued the guidance on further expanding and upgrading information consumption and continuously releasing the potential of domestic demand, proposing to carry out the pilot application of new technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence. In October 2017, the State Council issued the guidance on actively promoting the innovation and application of supply chain, which proposed to study the use of blockchain, artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies to establish a credit evaluation mechanism based on supply chain
in March 2018, the Ministry of instry and information technology (MIIT) issued the key points for standardization of informatization and software service instry in 2018, proposing to promote the establishment of the national informatization and instrialization Integration Management Standardization Technical Committee, and the national blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology Standardization Committee. In June 2018, the Ministry of instry and information technology issued the instrial Internet development action plan (2018-2020) to encourage the application and research of emerging cutting-edge technologies such as edge computing, deep learning and blockchain in the instrial Internet
since the blockchain was listed in the 13th five year plan for national informatization for the first time in 2016, the national government has paid more and more attention to the blockchain. 24 provinces and cities or regions, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guizhou, Gansu and Hainan, have launched dividend policies to carry out the layout of the blockchain instry chain, Actively explore instry applications based on blockchain
At present, China's blockchain technology continues to innovate, and the blockchain instry graally takes shape, and has begun to be applied in supply chain finance, credit reference, proct traceability, right trading, digital identity, electronic evidence and other fields, which is expected to promote China's economic system to achieve technological change, organizational change and efficiency change, To make important contributions to the construction of a modern economic system. With the continuous influx of entrepreneurs and capital, the number of enterprises is increasing rapidly. The application of blockchain will accelerate the landing, boost the high-quality development of traditional instries, accelerate the instrial transformation and upgrading, use blockchain technology to "rece costs" and "improve efficiency" for the real economy, and boost the standardized development of traditional instries. In addition, blockchain technology is becoming a new business form and a new driving force for economic development. Blockchain technology is promoting a new round of business model reform and becoming an important support for building a social system of integrity In the past, the circulation of physical banknotes was difficult to trace, but with the application of blockchain technology, the flow of all digital assets will have a "chain" to check. For example, in the financial field, blockchain is expected to solve the pain points and difficulties in the payment field, rece the complexity of transactions, improve the end-to-end speed of transactions, rece the communication cost in the transaction process, and improve the transparency and non tamperability of transaction records. The cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement among financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution among financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In addition, the application of blockchain will also extend to many fields, such as health care, ecation, charity, social management and so on. The market prospect is very broadin the future, jinwowo will continue to tap the value of blockchain technology in the commercial field.
since 2014, easy security has been committed to independent innovation in the research and development and application of blockchain. It is a mature blockchain electronic data storage and preservation institution that uses blockchain technology to solidify electronic data and is recognized by the judicial authorities. By creating the mode of "blockchain + justice + application", taking blockchain technology as the underlying technology and electronic data preservation as the basis, three application layer brands of intellectual property protection (micro right), electronic contract signing (Junzi sign) and Internet notarization system (zhongzhengbao) were launched
the joint Notary Office of easy preservation, Arbitration Commission, right protection center and Ca organization jointly launched the "preservation chain" open platform. At the same time, Guangzhou Internet court and more than 30 courts led by the supreme law participated in the judicial chain. By constantly improving the "blockchain + justice" ecosystem, easy preservation can provide different groups with one-stop blockchain preservation services such as evidence collection, certificate storage and certificate issuance
at present, it has obtained 15 independent invention patents, 27 rights, ISO 27001 Information security system certification, three-level certification of Ministry of public security, national double high enterprises, instrial Internet pilot demonstration project of Ministry of instry and information technology of the people's Republic of China in 2018 (the only selected project of blockchain), and national & 12153in 2019; Information Office; Batch of domestic blockchain information service record enterprises.