What is the technical goal of blockchain management system

1.

From the perspective of technology and architecture, I will tell you my understanding of blockchain in common language

what is blockchain? In a word, blockchain is a storage system. To be more specific, blockchain is a distributed storage system without an administrator and each node has all the data

What are the common storage systems like

first, how to ensure high availability

the common storage system usually uses "rendancy" to solve the problem of high availability. As shown in the figure above, if the data can be copied into several copies and rendant to multiple places, high availability can be guaranteed. The data in one place is hung, and there is data in other places. For example, the master-slave cluster of MySQL is the same principle, and the raid of disk is also the same principle

two points need to be emphasized in this place are: data rendancy often leads to consistency problems

1. For example, in the master-slave cluster of MySQL, there is actually a delay in reading and writing, which means there is a inconsistency in reading and writing in a short period of time. This is a side effect of data rendancy

The second point is that data rendancy often reces the efficiency of writing, because data synchronization also consumes resources. If you add two slave libraries, the write efficiency will be affected. The common storage system is to use rendancy to ensure the high availability of data

so the second question, ordinary storage system, can write more

the answer is yes, for example, take this graph as an example:

in fact, MySQL can do a master-slave synchronization of al masters, master-slave synchronization of al masters, two nodes can be written at the same time. If you want to do a multi room multi live data center, in fact, multi room multi live data synchronization. What we should emphasize here is that multi-point writing often leads to the consistency problem of writing conflicts. Take MySQL as an example, suppose that the attribute of a table is self incrementing ID, then the data in the database is 1234 now. If one of the nodes writes and inserts a piece of data, it may become 5, and then these 5 pieces of data are synchronized to another master node, Before synchronization, if another write node inserts a piece of data, a piece of data with self incrementing ID of 5 will be generated. Then, after the generation, synchronize to another node, and the synchronized data will conflict with the two local 5's after it arrives, which will lead to synchronization failure and write consistency conflict. This problem will occur in the case of multi-point writing

how to ensure consistency in multi-point writing

the reform "Swan class" gives you more technical work

2. Introction to seven core technologies of blockchain operation on January 15, 2018
1. Blockchain links
as the name suggests, blockchain is a chain composed of blocks. Each block is divided into block head and block body (including transaction data). The block head includes the prevhash value (also known as hash value) of the previous block used to realize the block link and the random number (nonce) used to calculate the mining difficulty. The hash value of the previous block is actually the hash value of the head of the previous block, and the random number calculation rule determines which miner can obtain the right to record the block
2. Consensus mechanism
blockchain is accompanied by the birth of bitcoin, which is the basic technology architecture of bitcoin. Blockchain can be understood as an Internet-based decentralized accounting system. A decentralized digital currency system like bitcoin requires the consistency of accounting of honest nodes without a central node, which needs blockchain to complete. Therefore, the core of blockchain technology is a consensus mechanism to reach a consensus on the legitimacy of transactions between indivials without mutual trust without central control
there are four main types of consensus mechanisms in blockchain: pow, POS, dpos and distributed consistency algorithm
3. Unlocking script
script is an important technology to realize automatic verification and contract execution on blockchain. Every output of every transaction does not point to an address in the strict sense, but to a script. A script is like a set of rules that constrain how the receiver can spend the asset locked on the output
the validation of transactions also depends on scripts. At present, it depends on two kinds of scripts: Lock script and unlock script. Locking script is a condition added to the output transaction, which is realized by a script language and located in the output of the transaction. The unlocking script corresponds to the locking script. Only when the conditions required by the locking script are met can the assets corresponding to the script be spent, which is located in the input of the transaction. Many flexible conditions can be expressed by script language. Interpretation script is similar to the "virtual machine" in our programming field, which runs in every node of the blockchain network in a distributed way
4. Transaction rules
blockchain transaction is not only the basic unit of a block, but also the actual effective content recorded by the blockchain. A blockchain transaction can be a transfer, or the deployment of smart contracts and other transactions
as far as bitcoin is concerned, a transaction refers to a single payment transfer. The transaction rules are as follows:
1) the input and output of the transaction cannot be empty
2) for each input of a transaction, if its corresponding utxo output can be found in the current transaction pool, the transaction will be rejected. Because the current transaction pool is the transaction not recorded in the blockchain, and each input of the transaction should come from the confirmed utxo. If it is found in the current trading pool, it is Shuanghua trading
3) for each input in a transaction, the corresponding output must be utxo
4) each input unlocking script must verify the compliance of the transaction together with the corresponding output locking script
5. Transaction priority
the priority of blockchain transaction is determined by the blockchain protocol rules. For bitcoin, the priority of a transaction to be included in a block is determined by the time when the transaction is broadcast to the network and the amount of the transaction. With the increase of transaction broadcast time on the network and the increase of transaction chain age, the priority of transaction will be improved and eventually be included by the block. For Ethereum, the priority of the transaction is also related to the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay. The higher the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay, the higher the priority that the transaction is included in the block
6. Merkle proof
the original application of Merkle proof is bitcoin, which was described and created by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. Bitcoin blockchain uses Merkle proof to store transactions in each block. So that the transaction can not be tampered with, but also easy to verify whether the transaction is included in a specific block
7. RLP
RLP (recursive length prefix) is one of the main encoding methods of object serialization in Ethereum. Its purpose is to encode the sequence of arbitrary nested binary data.

3. The essence of blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger. Every transaction is recorded in this account book, and each participating node has one , so as to prevent the account book from being tampered with. Data loss will not be caused by the failure of a single node (such as the centralized server of the bank), and it can exist forever
it establishes a set of consensus mechanism to ensure the authenticity of data, and establishes trust between nodes that do not know each other. The participating nodes work together to maintain the healthy growth of the system
in order to stimulate the enthusiasm of participants, bitcoin, the first application of blockchain, was created.

4. Take a look at which clan you belong to. Each clan digs different mines in Gao'an. However, mining in Gao'an can not meet the demand of monthly cards. Therefore, it is suggested that LZ join the 00 Legion as soon as possible to have safe and efficient mining sites as well as mining bonus.

5. Four blocks of science and technology to link the value of the target chain, kinetic energy conversion; The consensus of instry and finance, and the construction of ecology; Self innovation, build the cornerstone of blockchain development, and build a community of shared destiny.

6. Huangbao blockchain is a powerful distributed circular intelligent system. Huangbao blockchain, referred to as Huang, is the first to be applied in the fields of advertising media, games and entertainment, and various life applications. It has become a representative virtual currency in the era of blockchain 3 and 0. The core features of media chain 3 and 0 are more secure, more efficient, more flexible, and more open, It will certainly lead to new forms and new ideas of the world media, and create convenient services and new ideas, which marks a new economic era unfolding in front of the public.