Blockchain encryption lawyer
On March 20, it was reported that recently, an all-star team composed of Grammy award winners and music procers officially launched the blockchain music right project tune to solve the problem of right protection and profit distribution that plagued the entire music instry
at present, the development and application of domestic blockchain is still in an early stage, the infrastructure of blockchain is not perfect, and the instry application is also in the exploration stage. Instry insiders suggest that we should seize the development opportunity of blockchain technology, and rationally view the implementation progress and application scenarios of blockchain technology, so as to avoid the investment risk caused by excessive speculation
the current blockchain project compliance is divided into two sections:
first, blockchain coin issuing project compliance: Foundation + legal compliance opinion
often referred to as ICO, IEO, etc. first of all, we build overseas entities. Generally speaking, most coin issuing entities choose Singapore foundation. It is a non-profit company in the form of XX Foundation Ltd. Finally, a legal compliance opinion is issued by a Singapore lawyer. The content of the legal opinion includes the amendment of a white paper and the token non securitization certificate, which is mainly to make the project comply with the laws of Singapore. This legal opinion is also needed for the later docking of the project with the currency on the exchange< Second, blockchain exchange project compliance: subject company + digital currency trading license:
license is one of the important compliance documents of the platform. It is equivalent to a business license. In particular, after Huoyuan won the Japanese license, the US license and applied for the Canadian license, the license was pushed to a new height. Obtaining the US MSB license also means that the company can reasonably conct business in most states of the United States. This is the reason why the major platforms have started to apply for licenses. If they want to carry out business formally and legally, they have to apply for licenses
for example: MSB digital currency exchange license in the United States, MTR digital currency + Wallet al license in Estonia, austrac digital currency license in Australia, etc
the role of MSB license in the United States:
1. American MSB license is famous, packaging platform and good publicity
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3. It can increase the trust of customers, enhance their visibility, and make the platform develop better and faster in compliance
advantages of MSB license
1. Investor recognition - Corporate Law and financial instry regulation in the United States are very perfect. With a U.S. license, your digital currency trading platform will be more recognized by global investors
2. Get authoritative approval - with the authoritative approval of the U.S. Treasury Department, you can carry out relevant business in the United States and around the world, which represents the compliance supervision of digital currency platform
3. Become a first-line platform -- MSB license is also a standard license for global digital currency trading institutions. Coinbase, bitfinex, poloiex, hotcoin.com, OK, coin security exchange and other platforms all hold this license to operate
4. Diversified services - MSB license allows currency exchange and delivery services, so that you can better meet customer needs and provide more diversified services
why is the license so important for the trading platform? First of all, people in the traditional foreign exchange circle know that the foreign exchange platform has the importance of supervising the license. Even such a traditional mode will create a future trading platform. Therefore, the license plate is bound to become a trend of development
after registering the main body of the foundation, we still need to do later legal compliance, the main purpose is to draw a clear line between law and crime, but I said it doesn't count. Because digital token is indispensable for blockchain. To put it bluntly, digital currency drives the popularization of blockchain in China, but what's the fact? Digital currency is just a small application of blockchain technology
e to the particularity of the instry, At present, there are no formal laws and regulations to restrict its development, involving a wide range of violations:
pyramid selling
illegal fund-raising
money laundering
absorbing public deposits
illegal operation
transnational foreign exchange crimes
providing more convenience for terrorist financing
therefore, different countries in the world have different attitudes towards blockchain, and China is explicitly prohibited, So we all go overseas to develop projects, such as Singapore and Thailand. First, the local laws and regulations are required. Who has the final say in the matter of whether the project is legal? There are two ways: to apply for a formal digital transaction license or to rely on a legal opinion issued by a lawyer. At present, the latter is in the majority, easy to operate and low cost.
Singapore blockchain ICO company
according to the analysis of market results, at present, 70% of the companies registered in Singapore are public companies, and 30% are private limited companies in particular, there is no legal entity in Singapore called "foundation". What we usually call registered Singapore foundation refers to the type of public company Singapore public company: 1. Independent legal entity
3. No shares or share capital
4; Articles of association) to clarify the upper limit of each member's liability
Non profit: initially, it was mainly for non-profit organizations6
the company needs at least 2 company officials. At least one director must be Singaporean or permanent resident (Bajie can provide)
Singapore private limited company:
1. At least one shareholder and at most 50 shareholders can be natural persons and companies
2. At least one local director and one legal secretary (not the same person, Bajie can provide them)
3. Limited liability4
Three years before the establishment of the company, the profits of the first 100000 Singapore dollars are exempt from corporate tax, the tax rate of the company within 300000 Singapore dollars is 8.5%, and the tax rate of the part exceeding 300000 Singapore dollars is 17%is Singapore blockchain ICO a public company or a private limited company? What are the conditions
registration conditions and fees of Singapore public company:
1. Company Name: English only, company type is public guarantee limited company, ending with Ltd. or limited
Registered capital: there is no registered capital, but each member will pay in S $13. Members of directors: the requirements of directors are the same as those of ordinary companies, but there are no shareholders
Registered address: Bajie can provide Business scope: at most 2 main business activities can be selected (generally computer software, network, information technology, etc.) Legal secretary of the company: Bajie can provideregistration time: 4-6 weeks
registration conditions and fees of Singapore private limited company:
1. Company Name: English only, company type is private limited company, ending with PTE. Ltd
2. Registered capital: there is no need to verify the capital. The minimum is S $1, the maximum is S $500000, and the annual fee of Singapore business alliance is required
3. Directors and shareholders: at least one scanning of passport + ID card (address proof) of directors and shareholders shall be provided, and non Singaporean shall register. If an account needs to be opened later, at least two directors (except Singaporean local directors) shall be provided for registration
4. Registered address: local registered address in Singapore (available from Bajie)
Business scope: at most two main business activities can be selected (generally, the business scope of computer software, network, information technology, etc.) Legal secretary: provided by our companyregistration time: usually 3-4 weeks
note: after the registration of general for-profit foundation, there is no need to audit if there is no bank account, while the annual inspection and audit of non-profit foundation must be done every year after the registration
after the Singapore blockchain ICO company established the Singapore foundation, if it wants to issue currency, it will also involve four certificates:
1. White paper compliance: to prove that the projects undertaken by the foundation are in line with Singapore regulations, to prevent MAS (monetary authority of Singapore) investigation, which need to be used when going to the exchange
2. Token non securitization proof: prove that the project is non securitized, avoid causing trouble, and securitization is unable to engage in block chain related business in Singapore
3. Compliance of private placement terms: proving that the fund raising and sales concted before going to the exchange are legal and compliant
4. Compliance of public offering terms: it is equivalent to the commitment made to the majority of investors after going to the stock exchange, increasing the confidence of investors
note: the above certificates can be provided by Bajie Singapore lawyers
what is a legal opinion? In fact, legal opinions are a general term. They actually include four aspects
1. White paper compliance
2. Token non securitization certification compliance
3. Private placement terms compliance
4. Public offering compliance
mainly focuses on these four aspects
Block is a record in the blockchain, which contains and confirms the transactions to be processed< br />
mining refers to the formation of new blocks through calculation. It is a process in which the supporters of the transaction use their own computer hardware to do mathematical calculation for the network to confirm the transaction and improve the security. Take bitcoin as an example: the transaction supporter (miner) runs bitcoin software on the computer and constantly calculates the complex cryptography problems provided by the software to ensure the transaction. As a reward for their service, miners can get the Commission included in the transaction they confirm, as well as the newly created bitcoin< br />
Peer to peer network is a system that allows a single node to interact directly with other nodes, so that the whole system can operate like an organized collective. Take bitcoin: the network is built in such a way that each user is spreading the transactions of other users. And importantly, banks or other financial institutions are not required as third parties< br />
Hash is a classical technology in cryptography, which transforms the input of any length into the output of fixed length composed of letters and numbers through Hassi algorithm< br />
Digital signature is a mathematical mechanism that allows people to prove ownership< br />
Private key is a secret data block that proves that you have the right to consume e-money from a specific wallet. It is realized by digital signature< br />
Dual consumption refers to the user's illegal attempt to pay e-money to two different payees at the same time, which is one of the biggest risks of e-money< br />
?< br />
The origin of blockchain: an underlying technology supporting bitcoin
The concept of blockchain was first proposed in bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system by Satoshi Nakamoto in late 2008. In this paper, block chain technology is the basic technology to build bitcoin data structure and transaction information encryption transmission, which realizes the mining and transaction of bitcoin. Nakamoto believes that: first, the mode of using third-party organizations to process information has the inherent weakness of lack of trust between points. In order to guard against their customers, businesses will ask customers for completely unnecessary information, but still can not avoid certain fraud; Second, the existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and limits the practical minimum transaction scale; Third, digital signature itself can solve the problem of e-money identity. If the third party support is needed to prevent double consumption, the system will lose value. Based on the above three existing problems, Nakamoto Cong has created bitcoin on the basis of blockchain technology< br />
On January 3, 2009, Nakamoto proced the first bitcoin block in the world, genesis block, and excavated 50 bitcoins< br />
On May 21, 2010, Florida programmers bought $25 worth of pizza coupons with 10000 bitcoin, which gave birth to the first fair exchange rate of bitcoin< br />
In July 2010, the first bitcoin platform was established, with a surge in new users and prices< br />
In February 2011, the price of bitcoin reached US $1 for the first time. Since then, exchange trading platforms with British pound, Brazilian real and Polish zloty have opened< br />
In 2012, ripple released that as a digital currency, it uses blockchain to transfer foreign exchange of various countries< br />
In 2013, bitcoin soared. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued the regulations on the personal management of virtual currency to clarify the definition of virtual currency for the first time< br />
In 2014, the mining machinery instry chain represented by China became more and more mature. In the same year, the U.S. it community realized the cross era innovation significance of blockchain in the digital field< br />
In 2015, the US Nasdaq Stock Exchange launched LINQ, a digital ledger technology based on blockchain, to record trading and issue stocks
the principle of blockchain can be understood clearly from each application case, and the application of blockchain principle is becoming more and more popular. Recently, Citigroup, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, UBS and Deutsche Bank will also apply "blockchain" technology to build a fast, convenient and efficient blockchain Low cost trading system. In addition to the financial field, blockchain technology has also begun to be applied to the protection of intellectual property rights, notarization by lawyers, online games and other fields where there is a need for transparent information disclosure and permanent records.