Blockchain layering

1. There are still many domestic enterprises that are actually doing blockchain technology, such as fun chain technology, Vientiane blockchain, energy chain group, complex US technology, Xinghe blockchain, Zhigui technology and medical chain group. They are all well-known enterprises with good technology in the instry. Internet giants basically have blockchain sections.

2. The structure level of Chongqing jinwowo network analysis blockchain technology is as follows:
blockchain can be roughly divided into two levels,
one is to do the underlying technology of blockchain
the second is to do the upper application of blockchain, that is, the transformation, optimization or innovative application based on blockchain.

3.

(1) The underlying platform of the blockchain is a domestic independent and controllable blockchain platform developed by the science and technology of the blockchain. With the characteristics of high performance, high availability, scalability, easy operation and maintenance, strong privacy protection, and hybrid storage, the platform cooperates with the data sharing and security computing platform bitxmesh, the blockchain open service platform filoop, the supply chain finance platform filolink, and other platforms The deposit service platform filoink and the smart contract security R & D platform meshsec can better support the applications of enterprises, governments, instry alliances and other instries, and promote the efficient circulation of value among multiple institutions

(2) JD chain is the underlying framework of enterprise level blockchain independently developed by JD, and its birth marks that JD has started the construction of "Zhizhen ecology" based on the baas platform of blockchain and the underlying chain of "jdchain". Relying on the "one key deployment" capability of multiple optimization implementation, JD Zhizhen chain service platform has achieved the leading second level blockchain node deployment. In addition, it also has the core advantages of open compatibility with a variety of underlying, enterprise level dynamic networking and other mature applications. The timely launch of JD Zhizhen chain will effectively promote the large-scale implementation of enterprise level blockchain applications in various instries, and promote the construction of China's and global trust economy

(3) thunderchain is a blockchain application project independently researched and developed by netxin technology under thunderchain, which has high concurrency and second level confirmation capability of millions of TPS. Based on the research and development of high-performance blockchain procts, Xunlei has built an open platform of Xunlei chain, which helps enterprises or indivial developers to deploy smart contracts, easily realize the proct and service on the chain, and make the application development of blockchain more convenient

(4) Jingtong blockchain

Jingtong blockchain is the core underlying technology of Jingtong technology's blockchain with independent intellectual property rights. It is an effective decentralized Internet trading network based on blockchain technology, which adopts layered design (5 layers) underlying platform and multi language intelligent contract system, and has realized cross chain function. It has multi-level, all-round and one-stop service capabilities such as private chain, cloud chain and alliance chain. The layout of instry and regional ecology has taken shape

in addition to the above blockchain procts, there are community led LTC, cosmos, iota, Neuros, nuls, MOAC, etc., and enterprise led ripple, stellar, Weizhong bcos, network xuperchain, Huawei, Ping'an, Wanxiang, ant financial services, Zhongan, Bubi, matrix element, secret ape, zhongxiangbit, complex beauty, Shanghai Lianjing, etc

extended data:

blockchain is far more than a technology, which involves the spirit of "multi-party cooperation". In modern society, a lot of things must rely on everyone's cooperation to achieve 1 + 1 & gt; But we should try our best to avoid the problem of "information asymmetry" in cooperation

therefore, members of the alliance should keep accounts and share data together, and make everything public to eliminate "information asymmetry", so as to protect everyone's interests and make the business environment develop healthily. Honest work will get e benefits, if cheating will naturally be known to all. Technology is the foundation to help achieve this pattern. This is the more important "blockchain thinking"

4.

Because the blockchain technology is not mature at this stage, and the infrastructure is not perfect, many applications are limited, and the overall application is still in a very early stage

First of all, the main function of blockchain is to store information. Any information that needs to be saved can be written to or read from the blockchain, so it is a database. Secondly, anyone can set up a server and join the blockchain network to become a node. In the world of blockchain, there is no central node (decentralization). Every node is equal and keeps the whole database. You can write / read data to any node, because all nodes will be synchronized in the end to ensure the consistency of the blockchain

5. One of the three conditions for large-scale implementation of blockchain applications is blockchain 3.0 technology, which can improve the performance, ease of use, operability and scalability of blockchain, and involves new technologies such as side chain, sub chain, cross chain, layering, fragmentation and zoning. According to Xiao Feng's observation, most of these technologies will mature in 2019, and the main network will go online. The launch of these new technologies is the premise of large-scale commercial application of blockchain. So from a technical point of view, after 2019, the large-scale commercial application of blockchain can be expected
the second is that only mature technology is not enough. In order to realize a large number of DAPP and commercial applications on the blockchain, we must be prepared on one hand: that is, the digital currency that can be used as payment tool, exchange medium, value measure and value storage. Xiao Feng said that everyone thinks that bitcoin is a payment system, but the real bitcoin can not meet our demand for payment because its currency value fluctuates too much
for example, he said that a mall sold a bottle of water and accepted bitcoin payment. When he got up the next morning, he found that 20% of the value was gone. So it can't be accepted. After the Japanese parliament made it clear that bitcoin could be used as a payment tool, some Japanese businesses announced that they would accept bitcoin payment. But later found that it caused a lot of trouble for the stability of the company's balance sheet. Your balance sheet is unstable, up or down. This not only affects the value of the things sold, but also affects the credit evaluation of enterprises and the services provided by banks to companies
the third condition is the construction of laws and regulations and supervision system. The digital economy on the blockchain must obtain legal protection and comply with the law. Xiao Feng stressed that there can be no decentralization in this regard
the differences between blockchain and Internet are discussed. He believes that the core difference between the two is that the Internet is a centralized trust mechanism, while the blockchain is a decentralized trust mechanism, and there is no need to trust a third party
the second core difference between the Internet and blockchain is the incentive mechanism, not the digital currency or the ability to issue currency. Economics has been discussing incentive incompatibility. Under the company system and on the Internet, the incompatibility of incentive mechanism has not been solved. However, in the decentralized blockchain, the blockchain achieves complete incentive compatibility. Without shareholders, board of directors and employees, the conflicts of interest between these roles will not happen again.

6. More and more people want to join in the development of blockchain. What are the requirements for the development of blockchain? In addition to a solid programming ability, but also skilled in a variety of related technologies. It can be summarized as the following four points:
1. Continuously improve the blockchain Technology: improve the parameters, performance and ease of use such as operability and scalability, and at the same time generate new technologies such as side chain, sub chain, cross chain, layering, fragmentation and zoning, so as to promote the technical maturity of blockchain
2. A real payment instrument is indispensable as the carrier of value scale, value storage and exchange medium. Bitcoin's value is very unstable, so it will not become a payment tool. Stable currency is likely to be qualified for this position. The central bank government can consider issuing legal digital currency as a general blockchain payment tool
3. The regulatory system and laws and regulations of blockchain should also keep up. Users' digital assets need legal protection, and institutions participating in blockchain projects also need to be supervised to ensure legal compliance. Therefore, blockchain cannot be absolutely decentralized, and its decentralization is more relative to the Internet
4. Improve the security of blockchain:
confidentiality: also known as confidentiality, means that data will not be leaked to unauthorized users or entities
integrity: ensure that the data can be quickly found in the process of transmission and storage without authorization
availability: refers to the ability of authorized entities to receive services in time when they need information. All kinds of network or node disruption, denial of identity, denial of service (DOS) attacks, delayed use, etc., will damage the availability
authentication is closely related to the above three elements. Only on the basis of identity authentication can effective authorization be managed
in addition, data privacy protection is also very important. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, people are more and more aware of the importance of private data, and realize that it not only involves personal privacy, but also has commercial value. Blockchain and its encryption algorithm can not only protect private data, but also bring real benefits to users. This will become an important development direction of blockchain.

7. In fact, from the perspective of its overall architecture, Zhongan chain adopts a hierarchical molar architecture, which is divided into two parts: consensus engine and execution engine. Only in this way can the whole chain be improved in the storage, network, consensus and other functions, and can better execute the business logic and play a role in different business scenarios. This is the foundation and is more flexible.

8. Mother of all chain (MOAC) blockchain (hereinafter referred to as "moacchain", transliterated as "Moke chain" in Chinese, also known as "the mother of many chains") is an open-source blockchain platform. It supports multiple seed blockchains on P2P network through hierarchical configuration structure. It is developed by the top team of blockchain experts in Silicon Valley, breaking through the asynchronous contract call, asynchronous contract call, and multiple seed blockchains Contract fragmentation processing and cross chain operation are the current instry problems. The expansion capacity and contract processing speed of the platform are far better than the current smart contract platform. It is a blockchain proct that can really deploy commercial applications

the reason for the emergence of Moke is that Ethereum, the hottest smart contract platform at present, has insufficient speed and expansion capacity to meet the needs of a large number of token project applications. Compared with Ethereum's 7-14 transactions per second, Moke can achieve 100 times, even 1000 times under optimized conditions
how is Moke, as an "optimized Ethereum", realized technically<

01 layered verification
first of all, layered verification is adopted. Other systems either insist on pow, or insist on POS, or mix POW + POS, which can not effectively use the advantages of both and avoid the disadvantages of both. We use POW in the physical network and POS in the logical network of the smart contract, so that we can take both advantages into account, which can be called pop (POS over POW)<

02 fragmentation technology
the latest fragmentation concept of Ethereum, the main chain is basically unchanged, and a validator management contract is added to manage sharding interface and allocation. The main chain doesn't care what it looks like in sharding. The main chain only cares about the hash of your header. However, in order to achieve fragmentation in technology, according to the route planning of Ethereum, it will not come out until 2019

compared with Ethereum's single network, Moke has successfully broken through and adopted sharding technology, which can divide Moke into numerous logical subnets, making parallel computing possible, solving a major problem in the instry, greatly improving the processing speed, so as to achieve visa level transaction scale<

03 asynchronous call
Ethereum's synchronous smart contract call, the return of smart contract and block consensus are bound in the same block, resulting in the total amount of smart contract processing limited by block time. Moke adopts asynchronous smart contract call, so that the call and return can cross blocks without block time limit, which greatly increases the number of smart contracts to be processed at the same time

04 cross chain
by crossing blocks through asynchronous smart contracts, Moke can carry out atomic cross chain operation on blockchains with different block generation times, making Moke an underlying blockchain system with cross chain capability. Asynchronous call of smart contract can cross blocks from start to completion, and is no longer limited to one block. This greatly speeds up the throughput of MOAC, and has the function of cross chain of different blockchains

different blockchains have different block generation times. For example, if you set a contract to buy Ethereum erc20 token on the MOAC, you can cross the current block of the MOAC in 5 seconds, and then the contract will wait for Ethereum 25 second block to complete the corresponding transaction through off chain communication, and then complete the transaction in the N + 2 MOAC block. This kind of atomic transaction is completely different from the current transactions completed by various cross chain third-party roles through the establishment of an intermediate escrow account

in the contract, you can also define several confirmation blocks to complete the transaction. Other blockchain systems lack the function of asynchronous call contract, so they can't exchange atoms across chains, which is the advantage of MOAC

05 plug in and verify self built blockchain procts
the new idea means to build a new blockchain. We need to set up servers, develop teams, build communities, attract new users, and so on. We need to spend a lot of money to implement new blockchain ideas. After the inker chain goes online, these ideas can be easily tested on the inker chain, without huge additional costs<

06 never bifurcate
once blockchain procts are deployed and put into proction mode, it is difficult to add / modify / delete functions. Such a modification is either a soft fork or a hard fork. Dealing with bifurcation requires great effort and economic consequences. The architecture mode of Moke chain makes it possible to improve blockchain without bifurcation.