Current situation of world blockchain Technology

1.

in 2019, the market scale of China's blockchain instry will reach 1.2 billion yuan

in 2016, the market scale of China's blockchain instry will be about 100 million yuan, and it will grow to 1 billion yuan by 2018.
in 2019, the scale of China's blockchain instry will grow steadily, with an instrial scale of about 1.2 billion yuan. With the attention and attention of local governments, it is estimated that by 2022, the market scale of China's blockchain core procts and solutions and related derivative instries will reach 10 billion yuan

from the research results, in terms of consensus mechanism, China's consensus mechanism graally moves from single algorithm to mixed consensus; In terms of cryptographic algorithms, cryptographic algorithms such as secure multiparty computation, homomorphic encryption and zero knowledge proof are continuously integrated and applied; The research of cross chain technology and security technology has graally become a research hotspot

from the perspective of blockchain hardware, at present, the world's most important digital currency mining equipment suppliers are all located in China, and only bitmainland, Jianan Yun and Yibang technology occupy more than 90% of the market share

from the perspective of instry application, the financial instry is the instry with the largest number of blockchain technology implementation projects and the richest scenarios, such as supply chain finance, asset certificate aromatization, credit reference and risk control

in 2020, the blockchain instry will be further standardized

in 2020, China's blockchain policy will continue to be favorable, the standard specifications will be more perfect, the instrial scale will continue to grow, the technology will continue to innovate and develop, and the application demonstration effect in key fields will accelerate. At the same time, according to the problems existing in the development of China's blockchain in 2019, CCID blockchain Research Institute puts forward six suggestions: accelerating the formulation of top-level design, establishing and improving the regulatory system, accelerating the innovation and development of core technologies, promoting the third-party evaluation and certification, strengthening the cultivation of professional talents, and accelerating the implementation of applications in various fields

- the above data comes from the analysis report of China's blockchain instry market outlook and investment strategic planning of foresight Instry Research Institute

2. Blockchain is a kind of technology. "In the simplest and most popular way, blockchain technology is everyone bookkeeping, or distributed ledger."
in the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. This database can be regarded as a large account book. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, bookkeeping. However, the blockchain is "decentralized", which allows every member of the system to participate in it, not only everyone bookkeeping, but also through links, Everyone can have a complete account book
"blockchain is essentially a collective recording mode. What's special is that it adopts a set of techniques in an ingenious way to realize the authenticity and credibility of the recorded results, which is difficult to destroy and tamper with. " Zhang Xiaorong said, "first, everyone has the right to record and authenticate with each other to distinguish the true from the false, which is called consensus mechanism; Second, no one can tamper with the records, because there are cryptographic signatures; Third, everyone has a , so even if some account books are damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in block mode according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain. "
various cryptocurrencies represented by bitcoin are originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be described as blockchain version 1.0. However, around 2014, the instry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain graally separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency
it has broad application prospects
blockchain technology is considered as a disruptive innovation after steam engine, electric power and Internet. If the steam engine and electricity liberate the proctivity, and the Internet has changed the way of information transmission, the blockchain, as a machine for building trust, may change the way of value transmission
for example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the RMB position transfer business from Hongkong Wing Lung Bank to Shenzhen Branch of Wing Lung Bank. This is the world's first interbank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology
in addition, according to the white paper 2016 on China's blockchain technology and application development issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology of China, the application of blockchain has been extended to medical and health, ecation, charity, social management and other fields. Taking the cultural instry as an example, the low cost of reproction, the high cost of safeguarding rights, and the difficulty of providing evidence make the protection of intellectual property rights a pain point for the instry. With blockchain, the proction, dissemination and transaction records of cultural procts are true, transparent and reliable, and the problem can be solved
Zhang Xiaorong said that blockchain technology has solved two major problems in the era of Digital Economy: one is the visible flow direction, and the other is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical paper money was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets had a "chain" to check. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the intellectual property center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it has truly completed the credit construction in an anonymous society, bringing new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible
there is a long way to go in the future development
in terms of technology promotion, there is no big barrier to blockchain, which has been confirmed in the global practice of bitcoin, and its main resistance comes from the obstacles in concept and implementation
"on the one hand, the society may be very concerned about the" naked "state in the blockchain. Blockchain has built a "Skynet" for the commercial society. The company's economic activities are all recorded, so there is no secret to speak of. In this way, some business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain. "
"on the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology, so how to put the emerging blockchain technology under the legal supervision needs to be studied." Duan Yongchao said
the core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the long-standing central management model. In addition to the law, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology, so that the technology can benefit the society and not be used to do evil, is also an urgent problem to be solved.

3. Blockchain instry has great growth potential. Five aspects promote the healthy development of technology. Blockchain basic situation analysis blockchain technology, as a technical solution for collective maintenance of a reliable database in a decentralized way, has the characteristics of decentralization, tamper proof, highly scalable, etc., and is becoming a new technology following big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet. Some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the research and development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries. The development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract. Statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year since 2016, the frequency and amount of investment and financing in China's blockchain field have increased sharply. According to the statistical data of "in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry" released by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year. Judging from the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) account for more than 95%. There are many instry pioneers participating in the investment together, and most enterprises are still in the race. Statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collated the statistical analysis of Chinese blockchain enterprises and registered capital. In 2013 and before, there were only 26 blockchain related enterprises registered in China. In 2016, 116 blockchain enterprises were registered, 158 were registered in 2017, and 52 were registered from January to the end of June 2018. In terms of registered capital, there are 26 enterprises in China whose registered capital is less than 1 million yuan, accounting for about 6%; 197 companies have registered capital between 1 million yuan and 9.99 million yuan, accounting for about 46%; There are 171 companies with registered capital between 10 million yuan and 100 million yuan, accounting for about 40%; There are 31 companies with more than 100 million yuan, accounting for about 7%. Statistics on the enterprises and registered capital of China's blockchain enterprises from January to June 2013-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collates the statistics of China's blockchain enterprises in terms of regions and fields. Among the 425 blockchain enterprises, 385 enterprises are gathered in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Jiangsu, accounting for 90% of the total. Among them, Beijing has the largest number of enterprises, accounting for about 37% of the country. In terms of instry, China's blockchain enterprises are mainly distributed in the fields of finance, bottom public chain, enterprise services, technical solutions, data services, health care, Internet of things, transportation, games, etc. Among them, 91 enterprises are engaged in the financial field, accounting for more than 21%. China's blockchain enterprise field distribution statistics data source: prospective instry research institute collates that China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields. Five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, and promote the high-quality development of digital economy. 1. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment. 2. Strengthen the construction of blockchain core technology capabilities. Establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain. 3. Support the development of entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain, encourage the cross-border integration of blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out blockchain service evaluation and testing, promote the enrichment of instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of entity economy. 4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system, accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power". 5. We will accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development, support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professionals needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises. The instrial scale is small but the growth potential is huge. The blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion between 2017 and 2022

4. Theoretically, the block reward that can be generated every day is zd12.5 (number of rewards per block) * 6 * 24 (6 blocks per hour, 24 hours per day) = 1800btc. Bitcoin network gives out one block every 10 minutes on average, and the reward for each block is currently 12.5. At the earliest time, 50 BTCs were awarded to each block within the block. After 210000 blocks were g out, the number of BTCs was halved, about once every four years. It is expected that the next halving will be in May this year, when the reward for each block will become 6.25. There is a special exchange for buying bitcoin. It is suggested to go to okex exchange in China. The security is great.

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6.

By the end of 2019, the number of blockchain research institutions in China has reached 97. In addition, domestic colleges and universities have arranged blockchain technology research, strengthened theoretical knowledge innovation of blockchain technology, and improved their blockchain technology R & D capability. By the end of 2019, there are 24 colleges and universities in China participating in strengthening blockchain technology R & D. The core technologies are mainly distributed in consensus algorithm, cross chain, underlying architecture and multi chain

in 2020, the blockchain instry will be further standardized

in 2020, China's blockchain policy will continue to be favorable, the standards and specifications will be more perfect, the instrial scale will continue to grow, the technology will continue to innovate and develop, and the application demonstration effect in key fields will accelerate. At the same time, according to the problems existing in the development of China's blockchain in 2019, CCID blockchain Research Institute puts forward six suggestions: accelerating the formulation of top-level design, establishing and improving the regulatory system, accelerating the innovation and development of core technologies, promoting the third-party evaluation and certification, strengthening the cultivation of professional talents, and accelerating the implementation of applications in various fields

- the above data comes from the analysis report of China's blockchain instry market outlook and investment strategic planning of foresight Instry Research Institute

7.

In 2020, blockchain will be included in the scope of "new infrastructure" by the state, and at least seven provinces will issue blockchain support policies. In the same year, blockchain technology is graally moving from concept to implementation, and the application scenarios are blooming“ Blockchain + "has become a symbol of the continuous maturity of blockchain< Novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic swept the world in BR />

2020,

2020. The uncertainty of world economic development has increased significantly. Governments and enterprises around the world explore the use of emerging technologies to rece the cost of economic and social operation, improve the efficiency of the real economy, and further seek new growth points for economic development

at present, with the cross innovation of blockchain, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other new technology infrastructure, more and more vertical fields of real economy present the development pattern of "blockchain +" and the good momentum of "from virtual to real"

in order to avoid the transition from real to virtual, in addition to continuing to crack down on speculation, we must also guide the deep integration of blockchain technology and practical application scenarios. Therefore, various instrial application scenarios of "blockchain +" have become one of the inevitable trends of blockchain development

according to the white paper on blockchain (2020) recently released by China Academy of information and communication, as of October 2020, more than 262 listed companies have set foot in the field of blockchain, including 39 fields such as insurance, real estate, commercial department stores, security equipment, packaging materials and telecom operation. In the blockchain information service record list published by the state Internet Information Office, the number of blockchain projects of listed companies has reached 45

among them, finance is the most explored scenario in the application scenarios of blockchain technology, and there are specific projects in supply chain finance, trade financing, payment and clearing, fund management and other sub fields. According to the white paper, as of November 2020, among the registered blockchain information services in China, the number of projects in the field of Finance (including supply chain finance) ranked first, accounting for 36%

with the acceleration of the implementation of blockchain applications, "blockchain +" business has become the development focus for Internet backbone enterprises to enter the blockchain instry. Besides financial business, actively deploy Internet, traceability and supply chain & amp; Logistics, digital assets, government and public services, intellectual property, law, medical and other fields

at the same time, it is graally understood in the instry that blockchain is the basic component of trusted transactions, but this does not mean that blockchain can take over the world. It is necessary to combine blockchain with other technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of things, big data, 5g, etc., and form an integrated solution by using synergy effect to jointly help digital transformation

according to the relevant data, at present, the application of blockchain is mainly in the field of certificate keeping, and blockchain has entered the stage of how to make it better, more reliable, more stable, better expansibility, and able to accommodate more nodes from the perspective of engineering. He Baohong, director of the Institute of cloud computing and big data, China Academy of information technology, believes that this process will continue for a period of time or more, and the next step is to shift the technical competition of blockchain from engineering optimization to technology ecology and business ecology

in addition, it is understood that the blockchain instry has been improving for a long time, and the instry cognition has returned to rationality. With the central government's planning guidance for the development of blockchain technology, China's blockchain has made it clear that it is based on the alliance chain, focusing on the development idea of serving the real economy and optimizing public services, and the direction of instrial development is further clear. At this stage, the majority of practitioners' confidence in the blockchain continues to improve, and generally recognize the long-term strategic value of the blockchain

what is the prospect of "blockchain +" in 2021

with the graal improvement of China's blockchain instry chain, most blockchain enterprises not only focus on one aspect, but also present the trend of multi field collaborative development. According to statistics, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong are the provinces and cities with the largest number of registered enterprises among the 801 blockchain information service filing lists published by the state Internet information office

the core role of blockchain corresponding to the technical characteristics is mainly reflected in the three aspects of certificate deposit, automatic cooperation and value transfer. With its value potential being continuously exploited, the application landing scenario has graally expanded from the financial breakthrough to the real economy, government affairs and people's livelihood and other fields

and the core value of blockchain for the real economy is to promote the efficient cooperation between the upstream and downstream instries and enhance the efficiency of the combination of instry and finance. In the early stage of development, the application mode of blockchain mainly focuses on the deposit of documents and contracts. At the present stage, the application of blockchain instry is graally moving towards automatic collaboration and value interconnection such as government data sharing, supply chain collaboration and cross-border trade

2020 is the warm-up of 2021. In 2021, the use of blockchain, distributed ledger and smart contract tools will continue to grow as in 2020. With the deepening of blockchain technology, the instrial foundation of blockchain will be better and better, the instrial ecology will also develop rapidly, and the instrial chain will be widely distributed

from the perspective of instrial structure, blockchain instry is mainly divided into four parts: underlying technology, platform services, instrial applications and peripheral services

the first three parts show a relatively obvious upstream and downstream relationship. The underlying technology part provides the necessary technical procts and components of the blockchain, the platform service part builds a blockchain platform based on the underlying technology to run the corresponding instry applications, and the instrial application part mainly uses the blockchain technology to develop instry applications according to the actual scenarios of various instries, Realize the innovation of business collaboration mode in the instry

peripheral services provide support services for the instry, including instry organization, market research, standard formulation, system evaluation and certification, instry media, etc., which provide power for the development of instrial ecology

among them, as far as the instrial application of blockchain is concerned, blockchain is not only the result of innovation and development of information technology, but also the main booster of business process reconstruction and instrial interaction mode innovation of various instries

blockchain has graally expanded from the initial digital finance to supply chain finance, proct traceability and other fields, and now it has been applied in government affairs, people's livelihood, instrial management and other instries, with increasingly rich application scenarios, showing a trend of deep integration with other instries

at present, domestic enterprises focus on serving the real economy and improving the application development related to government affairs and people's livelihood, among which supply chain finance and proct traceability have accounted for half of all applications, and other areas such as government affairs and people's livelihood have become the key layout areas of manufacturers in the future, which is about to see explosive growth

after the cooling of blockchain investment in 2020, the blockchain instry may graally become rational in 2021. However, a relatively complete instrial chain and active market players provide a good foundation for the development of blockchain instry. The blockchain instry will also show a positive development trend in policy support, ecological construction, platform service, application landing and integration innovation