Design patterns in blockchain

1.

From the perspective of technology and architecture, I will tell you my understanding of blockchain in common language

what is blockchain? In a word, blockchain is a storage system. To be more specific, blockchain is a distributed storage system without an administrator and each node has all the data

What are the common storage systems like

first, how to ensure high availability

the common storage system usually uses "rendancy" to solve the problem of high availability. As shown in the figure above, if the data can be copied into several copies and rendant to multiple places, high availability can be guaranteed. The data in one place is hung, and there is data in other places. For example, the master-slave cluster of MySQL is the same principle, and the raid of disk is also the same principle

two points need to be emphasized in this place are: data rendancy often leads to consistency problems

1. For example, in the master-slave cluster of MySQL, there is actually a delay in reading and writing, which means there is a inconsistency in reading and writing in a short period of time. This is a side effect of data rendancy

The second point is that data rendancy often reces the efficiency of writing, because data synchronization also consumes resources. If you add two slave libraries, the write efficiency will be affected. The common storage system is to use rendancy to ensure the high availability of data

so the second question, ordinary storage system, can write more

the answer is yes, for example, take this graph as an example:

in fact, MySQL can do a master-slave synchronization of al masters, master-slave synchronization of al masters, two nodes can be written at the same time. If you want to do a multi room multi live data center, in fact, multi room multi live data synchronization. What we should emphasize here is that multi-point writing often leads to the consistency problem of writing conflicts. Take MySQL as an example, suppose that the attribute of a table is self incrementing ID, then the data in the database is 1234 now. If one of the nodes writes and inserts a piece of data, it may become 5, and then these 5 pieces of data are synchronized to another master node, Before synchronization, if another write node inserts a piece of data, a piece of data with self incrementing ID of 5 will be generated. Then, after the generation, synchronize to another node, and the synchronized data will conflict with the two local 5's after it arrives, which will lead to synchronization failure and write consistency conflict. This problem will occur in the case of multi-point writing

how to ensure consistency in multi-point writing

the reform "Swan class" gives you more technical work

2. The analysis elements of jinwowo network are as follows:

1-contains a distributed database

2-distributed database is the physical carrier of blockchain, blockchain is the logical carrier of transaction, all core nodes should contain full copies of the blockchain data

3-blockchain serializes blocks according to time, And blockchain is the only body of the whole network transaction data

4-blockchain is only effective for addition, but not for other operations

5-public and private key verification based on asymmetric encryption

6-accounting node requires that Byzantine general problem can be solved / avoided

7-consensus progress is evolutionarily stable, That is, in the face of a certain amount of contradictions between different nodes, the data will not collapse

8-consensus process can solve the problem of double spending

3. "A network-based computer processing technology, corresponding to centralized. As the performance of personal computer has been greatly improved and the popularity of its use, it is possible to distribute the processing power to all computers on the network. Distributed computing is a concept opposite to centralized computing. The data of distributed computing can be distributed in a large area

4. First of all, blockchain itself has no business model to speak of
you are talking about the combination of blockchain technology and an instry. That is to say, "blockchain +" combines technology and instry deeply after combining specific projects to develop corresponding landing applications
the technical characteristics of blockchain and its application fields
① data can't be tampered with. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed database without centralized server, which can't be controlled by a certain person or an organization. Each node in the blockchain system stores one of the data. If the data on the node is changed, the blockchain system will be able to store one of the data, Then it can not be verified in the whole blockchain network. With this feature, it will be well used in finance, public administration data, audit data, etc
② distributed storage: in the area fast chain system, each running node has a complete data , which enables each node to independently verify and retrieve data, greatly increasing the reliability of the system. Combined with the characteristics of this blockchain technology, it is applied to games. We are familiar with the fact that our games are applied to a game server, It can greatly increase the stability of the game and enhance the game experience of the players.
③ anonymity. Traditional software clients need to register a user name and bind the mobile phone number. In order to increase the user's recognition, some will also increase the identity authentication. Combined with the blockchain technology, they are converted from the public key generated by the public cryptographic algorithm, This is usually a string of garbled characters. Bitcoin system is like this, but we don't know who is the operator behind it.
combined with this technical feature, we can make use of online payment, collection, property on the chain, etc. to greatly protect the user's information.

5. The consensus mechanism of jinwowo analysis blockchain technology is as follows:
blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger system. Due to the high network delay in the peer-to-peer network, the transaction order observed by each node can not be completely consistent
therefore, the blockchain system needs to design a mechanism to reach a consensus on the sequence of transactions that occur in a certain period of time. This algorithm to reach consensus on the order of transactions in a time window is called consensus mechanism.

6. About 100
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7. Chongqing jinwowo analysis: incentive layer, contract layer and application layer are not necessary factors for each blockchain application, and some blockchain applications do not include the last three layers.