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Consensus code for blockchain implementation
Publish: 2021-05-09 00:34:20
1. 1. What is the technology of blockchain?
2. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger system, which can be used to register and issue digital assets, property rights certificates, points, etc., and transfer, pay and trade in a point-to-point manner. Compared with the traditional centralized ledger system, blockchain system has the advantages of complete disclosure, tamper proof, multiple payment prevention, and does not rely on any trusted third party
e to the high network delay in peer-to-peer network, the transaction order observed by each node can not be completely consistent. Therefore, the blockchain system needs to design a mechanism to reach a consensus on the sequence of transactions that occur in the same time. This algorithm to reach consensus on the order of transactions in a time window is called consensus mechanism
-- chainknow
e to the high network delay in peer-to-peer network, the transaction order observed by each node can not be completely consistent. Therefore, the blockchain system needs to design a mechanism to reach a consensus on the sequence of transactions that occur in the same time. This algorithm to reach consensus on the order of transactions in a time window is called consensus mechanism
-- chainknow
3. The so-called "consensus mechanism" is to complete the verification and confirmation of the transaction in a very short time through the voting of special nodes; For a transaction, if several nodes with unrelated interests can reach a consensus, we can think that the whole network can also reach a consensus. More generally speaking, if a Chinese microblog big V, an American virtual currency player, an African student and a European tourist do not know each other, but they all agree that you are a good person, then you can basically conclude that you are not bad
as a data structure that stores data in chronological order, blockchain can support different consensus mechanisms. Consensus mechanism is an important component of blockchain technology. The goal of blockchain consensus mechanism is to make all honest nodes keep consistent blockchain view, and satisfy two properties at the same time:
1) consistency. The prefix part of the blockchain saved by all honest nodes is exactly the same
2) effectiveness. The information released by one honest node will be recorded by all other honest nodes in their own blockchain.
as a data structure that stores data in chronological order, blockchain can support different consensus mechanisms. Consensus mechanism is an important component of blockchain technology. The goal of blockchain consensus mechanism is to make all honest nodes keep consistent blockchain view, and satisfy two properties at the same time:
1) consistency. The prefix part of the blockchain saved by all honest nodes is exactly the same
2) effectiveness. The information released by one honest node will be recorded by all other honest nodes in their own blockchain.
4. At present, there are four main types of consensus mechanisms: pow, POS, dpos, pool
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
- - - - - - - -
PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
5. Chongqing jinwowo analysis distributed consensus algorithm:
the blockchain system uses the distributed consensus algorithm to generate and update data, which eliminates the possibility of illegal tampering with data from the technical level, thus replacing the third-party intermediary institutions in traditional applications to ensure trust and transaction security, and recing the time cost, human cost and resource consumption caused by maintaining credit.
the blockchain system uses the distributed consensus algorithm to generate and update data, which eliminates the possibility of illegal tampering with data from the technical level, thus replacing the third-party intermediary institutions in traditional applications to ensure trust and transaction security, and recing the time cost, human cost and resource consumption caused by maintaining credit.
6. It is also a concept in blockchain, which refers to the algorithm for blockchain things to reach distributed consensus. They speak very clearly on the app of lianpai community and have a thorough understanding of blockchain. Although their one course is not long, they can understand it after listening to it. Very good!
7. Chongqing jinwowo analysis: the so-called consensus refers to the process in which multi-party nodes reach an agreement on certain data, behaviors or processes through interaction of multiple nodes under preset rules
consensus mechanism refers to the algorithms, protocols and rules that define the consensus process
consensus mechanism refers to the algorithms, protocols and rules that define the consensus process
8. I just came into contact with this project recently. I hope it can help you
FST network is a blockchain application technology service platform, which is committed to further application of blockchain. Its pillar proct FST network engine mole is an infrastructure built for enterprises to save development time. The FST network engine mole, through comprehensive molar logic construction, allows anyone to manage the certificate business without coding environment, reces the threshold of the blockchain development community, and saves the development cycle.
FST network is a blockchain application technology service platform, which is committed to further application of blockchain. Its pillar proct FST network engine mole is an infrastructure built for enterprises to save development time. The FST network engine mole, through comprehensive molar logic construction, allows anyone to manage the certificate business without coding environment, reces the threshold of the blockchain development community, and saves the development cycle.
9. Jinwowo uses a vivid metaphor to illustrate: if consensus is the basis of blockchain, then consensus mechanism is the soul of blockchain
when explaining what a blockchain is, we can use a simple and clear decentralized distributed ledger to summarize it. However, in this ledger, how to sort the things generated in almost the same time is related to the consensus mechanism of the blockchain network
therefore, jinwowo network technology believes that consensus mechanism is an algorithm to reach consensus on the sequence of things in a period of time.
when explaining what a blockchain is, we can use a simple and clear decentralized distributed ledger to summarize it. However, in this ledger, how to sort the things generated in almost the same time is related to the consensus mechanism of the blockchain network
therefore, jinwowo network technology believes that consensus mechanism is an algorithm to reach consensus on the sequence of things in a period of time.
10. Unknown_Error
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