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GiftO blockchain
Publish: 2021-05-09 18:23:08
1. However, after the emergence of the computer and Internet, the status of paper is no longer unshakable
ten years ago, my article was written on a black notebook. Now, all the words in my mind are entered into notebook, becoming 0 and 1, which is the change
from the present point of view, the disadvantages of paper are too obvious:
not environmentally friendly
not easy to save
for paper, long-distance transmission is very troublesome (such as information transmission)
the cost is high
easy to modify and forge
when there is a better choice in front of me, if I don't use it, isn't it a loss for me
have you ever thought that one day we won't need paper for our money
you may say:
"yes, I use Alipay and online banking every day, and no paper is used. Is this not achieved?"
indeed, Alipay's payment system is to digitize paper currency and store it in a huge database, but after all, it still needs paper money. The central bank does not print banknotes. The figures in the bank database are not too outrageous. Do you say yes or no?
can we say that the amount of money in the bank account book is the amount of cash? Of course not, because of the existence of bank loans, credit cards and other procts, the number in the bank database will only be much larger than the amount of cash, and this account book is not open, and the specific data deviation is only known to a few people
is there any payment system that does not rely on paper money, has high transparency, and no one can tamper with it
not to mention, it's really possible. Why is it possible? It's just a relatively mature experiment (with a market value of US $5 billion). In 2007, Satoshi Nakamoto, an anonymous big God or organization, began to conceive a magic project. After more than a year of careful elaboration, Nakamoto completed the white paper of the project (bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, Chinese Name: bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system), In early 2009, the project was successfully launched
for the explanation of the principle of the system, I don't want to be a teacher here. For those who are interested, please refer to the information of the college channel or library. It's a very good place for you to understand these things
we just need to know that this e-cash system has nothing to do with paper. It is very transparent. Everyone can access and query this payment account book, and everyone can really control their own bookkeeping rights, that is, bitcoin token. As long as the Internet exists, someone is maintaining this account book (using mining machine operation), Then this kind of payment system can exist forever
well, you say it so well, this kind of system should be very popular, right? Of course not, because it is still in the experimental stage, there are still many defects in this kind of account book. For example, its token value fluctuates greatly, which is not suitable for pricing goods for the time being. For example, it has the problem of scalability. Maybe 100000 people use this system every day, and 10 million people use it to block and collapse. For example, it needs a lot of learning costs, People who don't have relevant knowledge are easy to lose money and so on. In short, there are a lot of problems
can we solve so many problems? Theoretically, it's very possible, because it's open source. Open source means that everyone can review and participate in improvement
of course, it's not to deceive you into buying bitcoin. This is not the purpose of my writing. Talking about bitcoin is just to introce a kind of technology, or an idea. What is it? In other words, blockchain (Chinese name is blockchain) is too popular now. Maybe you don't feel much about it at home. In foreign financial circles, it's no exaggeration to say that this word is the same as Dabao's advertising words
nowadays, foreign companies talk about "blockchain has the potential to subvert xxoo", which is like a common occurrence. Every once in a while, some giant set up a blockchain laboratory, and even the chief economist of the Bank of England raised the possibility of issuing national digital currency based on blockchain
we can't help asking, what is the basis of blockchain? What magic is driving or "deceiving" these institutions to lose their position for such a rising concept
blockchain originated from bitcoin. At present, the most successful blockchain is also bitcoin's blockchain. The reason why blockchain makes people reverie is that it has the characteristics of high transparency, unchangeable and no middleman
suppose I brainstorm and apply these features of blockchain to various applications in other instries, will it proce disruptive effects? Well, it's like now you have a new drug, which can cure all kinds of diseases in theory. Does that mean it's really suitable for treatment? You have to try, because you don't know the side effects! Now the blockchain is in such a stage. It seems to be able to cure all kinds of instries, but in fact it is only in the theoretical stage
when it comes to theory, I have to talk about it
first of all, what is the biggest difference between paper ledger and blockchain ledger
the former accounts by people, while the latter accounts by computer. Because people are too "smart", so bookkeeping is easy to be unexpected, and the efficiency is also very low, but computers are different, computers are "stupid", it is to act according to instructions, and the efficiency will be very high, there is also scalability. Ordinary database is a proct between paper account book and blockchain account book. It can save the system's partial dependence on human beings, but there are also problems in ordinary database. For example, it has access rights, such as the pension you pay. Can you know where they are going
therefore, companies, institutions or indivials with some ideas have gone to study blockchain technology.
ten years ago, my article was written on a black notebook. Now, all the words in my mind are entered into notebook, becoming 0 and 1, which is the change
from the present point of view, the disadvantages of paper are too obvious:
not environmentally friendly
not easy to save
for paper, long-distance transmission is very troublesome (such as information transmission)
the cost is high
easy to modify and forge
when there is a better choice in front of me, if I don't use it, isn't it a loss for me
have you ever thought that one day we won't need paper for our money
you may say:
"yes, I use Alipay and online banking every day, and no paper is used. Is this not achieved?"
indeed, Alipay's payment system is to digitize paper currency and store it in a huge database, but after all, it still needs paper money. The central bank does not print banknotes. The figures in the bank database are not too outrageous. Do you say yes or no?
can we say that the amount of money in the bank account book is the amount of cash? Of course not, because of the existence of bank loans, credit cards and other procts, the number in the bank database will only be much larger than the amount of cash, and this account book is not open, and the specific data deviation is only known to a few people
is there any payment system that does not rely on paper money, has high transparency, and no one can tamper with it
not to mention, it's really possible. Why is it possible? It's just a relatively mature experiment (with a market value of US $5 billion). In 2007, Satoshi Nakamoto, an anonymous big God or organization, began to conceive a magic project. After more than a year of careful elaboration, Nakamoto completed the white paper of the project (bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, Chinese Name: bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system), In early 2009, the project was successfully launched
for the explanation of the principle of the system, I don't want to be a teacher here. For those who are interested, please refer to the information of the college channel or library. It's a very good place for you to understand these things
we just need to know that this e-cash system has nothing to do with paper. It is very transparent. Everyone can access and query this payment account book, and everyone can really control their own bookkeeping rights, that is, bitcoin token. As long as the Internet exists, someone is maintaining this account book (using mining machine operation), Then this kind of payment system can exist forever
well, you say it so well, this kind of system should be very popular, right? Of course not, because it is still in the experimental stage, there are still many defects in this kind of account book. For example, its token value fluctuates greatly, which is not suitable for pricing goods for the time being. For example, it has the problem of scalability. Maybe 100000 people use this system every day, and 10 million people use it to block and collapse. For example, it needs a lot of learning costs, People who don't have relevant knowledge are easy to lose money and so on. In short, there are a lot of problems
can we solve so many problems? Theoretically, it's very possible, because it's open source. Open source means that everyone can review and participate in improvement
of course, it's not to deceive you into buying bitcoin. This is not the purpose of my writing. Talking about bitcoin is just to introce a kind of technology, or an idea. What is it? In other words, blockchain (Chinese name is blockchain) is too popular now. Maybe you don't feel much about it at home. In foreign financial circles, it's no exaggeration to say that this word is the same as Dabao's advertising words
nowadays, foreign companies talk about "blockchain has the potential to subvert xxoo", which is like a common occurrence. Every once in a while, some giant set up a blockchain laboratory, and even the chief economist of the Bank of England raised the possibility of issuing national digital currency based on blockchain
we can't help asking, what is the basis of blockchain? What magic is driving or "deceiving" these institutions to lose their position for such a rising concept
blockchain originated from bitcoin. At present, the most successful blockchain is also bitcoin's blockchain. The reason why blockchain makes people reverie is that it has the characteristics of high transparency, unchangeable and no middleman
suppose I brainstorm and apply these features of blockchain to various applications in other instries, will it proce disruptive effects? Well, it's like now you have a new drug, which can cure all kinds of diseases in theory. Does that mean it's really suitable for treatment? You have to try, because you don't know the side effects! Now the blockchain is in such a stage. It seems to be able to cure all kinds of instries, but in fact it is only in the theoretical stage
when it comes to theory, I have to talk about it
first of all, what is the biggest difference between paper ledger and blockchain ledger
the former accounts by people, while the latter accounts by computer. Because people are too "smart", so bookkeeping is easy to be unexpected, and the efficiency is also very low, but computers are different, computers are "stupid", it is to act according to instructions, and the efficiency will be very high, there is also scalability. Ordinary database is a proct between paper account book and blockchain account book. It can save the system's partial dependence on human beings, but there are also problems in ordinary database. For example, it has access rights, such as the pension you pay. Can you know where they are going
therefore, companies, institutions or indivials with some ideas have gone to study blockchain technology.
2.
this is the general content of popular science. If you want to know more about it, you can take a look at Nakamoto's paper and the official popular science video below
The price of a bitcoin soared from more than $20000 to $40000. This can not help but arouse my research interest, or simply understand what bitcoin is, what its mechanism looks like, and uncover its mystery. Therefore, after a simple search of some information and some understanding of the special currency, I sorted out the information on hand< (3) purpose: decentralize, rece risk
all servers in the distributed network can store and process data, and each server has equal status, which can store more data and has higher security<
this is the general content of popular science. If you want to know more about it, you can take a look at Nakamoto's paper and the official popular science video below
3. Because the digital currency, which is the first generation of blockchain technology, has a huge impact on the financial field, the research and application of blockchain technology has become an important task in today's financial field. In essence, blockchain technology still belongs to a kind of technical means and tools. Its application in the financial field and the real economy is parallel. It has its own relative independence, but it also has a certain degree of intersection. That is to say, its role in promoting the real economy is indirect. 1. No matter in finance or entity, one of the bases of transaction between supply and demand is trust. The current bank to enterprise, enterprise to enterprise and enterprise to person are all linked by money. With the further popularization and wide application of blockchain technology, enterprises and enterprises, or indivials can issue digital currency (Digital credit) by themselves in the future, and the status of banks will change from monopoly operation to equal competition operation in the market. Therefore, the wide application of blockchain technology in the financial field has an indirect impact on the real economy. 2. Blockchain technology is the bridge between reality (entity) and virtual world. Through blockchain technology, the real world can be reconstructed, reconstructed and redefined in the virtual world. For example, the digital currency of real paper money in the virtual world, the digital stock transaction of real stock transaction in the virtual world, the digital settlement, digital customs clearance, digital documents and bills of real import and export trade in the virtual world can greatly improve the efficiency of business process and save the transaction cost. At present, all transactions are inseparable from the bank. The bank plays a central role in the transaction. The application of blockchain technology by the bank will certainly improve the efficiency of its settlement and indirectly promote the efficiency of the real economy, but this impact will graally weaken in the future. Because the biggest feature of blockchain technology is decentralization, its distributed accounting system is a network system without center. 3. In fact, the application of blockchain technology is to value and credit the information flowing on the Internet. Through the blockchain, the information with (use value, exchange value, cultural value) in the Internet is reorganized and newly constructed to form a value Internet. It is of great significance. It will bring revolutionary promotion to both the financial instry and the real economy.
4. To understand the principle of blockchain thoroughly, we must understand it systematically from its birth and development, so as to distinguish the principle of blockchain more clearly from multiple perspectives. Block chain technology refers to the technical solution of collective maintenance of a reliable database in a centralized way in the past. In this technical scheme, blocks are associated by cryptography. Each data block contains all the data information of the system in a certain period of time, and generates a digital signature to verify the validity of the information, and links to the next data block to form a main chain< br />
Block is a record in the blockchain, which contains and confirms the transactions to be processed< br />
Mining refers to the formation of new blocks through calculation. It is a process in which the supporters of the transaction use their own computer hardware to do mathematical calculation for the network to confirm the transaction and improve the security. Take bitcoin as an example: the transaction supporter (miner) runs bitcoin software on the computer and constantly calculates the complex cryptography problems provided by the software to ensure the transaction. As a reward for their service, miners can get the Commission included in the transaction they confirm, as well as the newly created bitcoin< br />
Peer to peer network is a system that allows a single node to interact directly with other nodes, so that the whole system can operate like an organized collective. Take bitcoin: the network is built in such a way that each user is spreading the transactions of other users. And importantly, banks or other financial institutions are not required as third parties< br />
Hash is a classical technology in cryptography, which transforms the input of any length into the output of fixed length composed of letters and numbers through Hassi algorithm< br />
Digital signature is a mathematical mechanism that allows people to prove ownership< br />
Private key is a secret data block that proves that you have the right to consume e-money from a specific wallet. It is realized by digital signature< br />
Dual consumption refers to the user's illegal attempt to pay e-money to two different payees at the same time, which is one of the biggest risks of e-money< br />
?< br />
The origin of blockchain: an underlying technology supporting bitcoin
The concept of blockchain was first proposed in bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system by Satoshi Nakamoto in late 2008. In this paper, block chain technology is the basic technology to build bitcoin data structure and transaction information encryption transmission, which realizes the mining and transaction of bitcoin. Nakamoto believes that: first, the mode of using third-party organizations to process information has the inherent weakness of lack of trust between points. In order to guard against their customers, businesses will ask customers for completely unnecessary information, but still can not avoid certain fraud; Second, the existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and limits the practical minimum transaction scale; Third, digital signature itself can solve the problem of e-money identity. If the third party support is needed to prevent double consumption, the system will lose value. Based on the above three existing problems, Nakamoto Cong has created bitcoin on the basis of blockchain technology< br />
On January 3, 2009, Nakamoto proced the first bitcoin block in the world, genesis block, and excavated 50 bitcoins< br />
On May 21, 2010, Florida programmers bought $25 worth of pizza coupons with 10000 bitcoin, which gave birth to the first fair exchange rate of bitcoin< br />
In July 2010, the first bitcoin platform was established, with a surge in new users and prices< br />
In February 2011, the price of bitcoin reached US $1 for the first time. Since then, exchange trading platforms with British pound, Brazilian real and Polish zloty have opened< br />
In 2012, ripple released that as a digital currency, it uses blockchain to transfer foreign exchange of various countries< br />
In 2013, bitcoin soared. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued the regulations on the personal management of virtual currency to clarify the definition of virtual currency for the first time< br />
In 2014, the mining machinery instry chain represented by China became more and more mature. In the same year, the U.S. it community realized the cross era innovation significance of blockchain in the digital field< br />
In 2015, the US Nasdaq Stock Exchange launched LINQ, a digital ledger technology based on blockchain, to record trading and issue stocks
the principle of blockchain can be understood clearly from each application case, and the application of blockchain principle is becoming more and more popular. Recently, Citigroup, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, UBS and Deutsche Bank will also apply "blockchain" technology to build a fast, convenient and efficient blockchain Low cost trading system. In addition to the financial field, blockchain technology has also begun to be applied to the protection of intellectual property rights, notarization by lawyers, online games and other fields where there is a need for transparent information disclosure and permanent records.
Block is a record in the blockchain, which contains and confirms the transactions to be processed< br />
Mining refers to the formation of new blocks through calculation. It is a process in which the supporters of the transaction use their own computer hardware to do mathematical calculation for the network to confirm the transaction and improve the security. Take bitcoin as an example: the transaction supporter (miner) runs bitcoin software on the computer and constantly calculates the complex cryptography problems provided by the software to ensure the transaction. As a reward for their service, miners can get the Commission included in the transaction they confirm, as well as the newly created bitcoin< br />
Peer to peer network is a system that allows a single node to interact directly with other nodes, so that the whole system can operate like an organized collective. Take bitcoin: the network is built in such a way that each user is spreading the transactions of other users. And importantly, banks or other financial institutions are not required as third parties< br />
Hash is a classical technology in cryptography, which transforms the input of any length into the output of fixed length composed of letters and numbers through Hassi algorithm< br />
Digital signature is a mathematical mechanism that allows people to prove ownership< br />
Private key is a secret data block that proves that you have the right to consume e-money from a specific wallet. It is realized by digital signature< br />
Dual consumption refers to the user's illegal attempt to pay e-money to two different payees at the same time, which is one of the biggest risks of e-money< br />
?< br />
The origin of blockchain: an underlying technology supporting bitcoin
The concept of blockchain was first proposed in bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system by Satoshi Nakamoto in late 2008. In this paper, block chain technology is the basic technology to build bitcoin data structure and transaction information encryption transmission, which realizes the mining and transaction of bitcoin. Nakamoto believes that: first, the mode of using third-party organizations to process information has the inherent weakness of lack of trust between points. In order to guard against their customers, businesses will ask customers for completely unnecessary information, but still can not avoid certain fraud; Second, the existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and limits the practical minimum transaction scale; Third, digital signature itself can solve the problem of e-money identity. If the third party support is needed to prevent double consumption, the system will lose value. Based on the above three existing problems, Nakamoto Cong has created bitcoin on the basis of blockchain technology< br />
On January 3, 2009, Nakamoto proced the first bitcoin block in the world, genesis block, and excavated 50 bitcoins< br />
On May 21, 2010, Florida programmers bought $25 worth of pizza coupons with 10000 bitcoin, which gave birth to the first fair exchange rate of bitcoin< br />
In July 2010, the first bitcoin platform was established, with a surge in new users and prices< br />
In February 2011, the price of bitcoin reached US $1 for the first time. Since then, exchange trading platforms with British pound, Brazilian real and Polish zloty have opened< br />
In 2012, ripple released that as a digital currency, it uses blockchain to transfer foreign exchange of various countries< br />
In 2013, bitcoin soared. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued the regulations on the personal management of virtual currency to clarify the definition of virtual currency for the first time< br />
In 2014, the mining machinery instry chain represented by China became more and more mature. In the same year, the U.S. it community realized the cross era innovation significance of blockchain in the digital field< br />
In 2015, the US Nasdaq Stock Exchange launched LINQ, a digital ledger technology based on blockchain, to record trading and issue stocks
the principle of blockchain can be understood clearly from each application case, and the application of blockchain principle is becoming more and more popular. Recently, Citigroup, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, UBS and Deutsche Bank will also apply "blockchain" technology to build a fast, convenient and efficient blockchain Low cost trading system. In addition to the financial field, blockchain technology has also begun to be applied to the protection of intellectual property rights, notarization by lawyers, online games and other fields where there is a need for transparent information disclosure and permanent records.
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