International Settlement Center blockchain

1. Institutions are beginning to experiment with this new technology
DTCC is a clearing house in the United States, which processes billions of dollars of transactions every year. The global credit card processing network visa is only one of the most well-known pilot projects carried out by non banks. That is to say, some financial sectors are certainly more active than others
major stock and commodity exchanges can be said to be the most active institutions participating in blockchain experiments. For example, NASDAQ, a major U.S. stock exchange provider, even released its own blockchain trading model last fall. This program, called LINQ, can trade and track the shares of private companies. NASDAQ has positioned it as an early experiment of blockchain technology to expand the scope of major stock trading and even the scope of new asset classes< br />Blockchain_ Stock exchanges
although the subtle areas are more different, the 10 major stock and commodity exchanges in the world have shown interest in blockchain technology. In this article, we will give you a detailed introction:
1. Australian Stock Exchange (ASX)
when it comes to the application of blockchain technology, ASX is definitely one of the most ambitious companies. In January, ASX invested more than US $10 million in digital asset holdings, a start-up company in the instry, as part of its R & D activities
at the same time of investment, ASX also revealed that it will not only conct technical tests, but also establish a new post transaction settlement system, which will be developed by digital asset through the use of distributed general ledger structure
however, since January this year, the update progress of the project on the Australian Stock Exchange may have been overshadowed by controversy. In March this year, the Australian news media began to speculate that although the Australian Stock Exchange has reiterated its support for the experiment, the blockchain project may also be in doubt with the premature resignation of Elmer Funke Kupper, the chief executive of the Australian Stock Exchange< CME Group is one of the founders of "post trade distributed ledger working group". At present, CME Group has carried out very positive actions in the instry through its investment department CME ventures
CME Group is unique among its peers. It has been pursuing a diversified investment strategy across instries. It has successively invested in ripple, a distributed accounting start-up company, digital currency group and digital asset holdings. Beyond that, however, CME Group has yet to speak publicly about its actions in technology and the wider instry< br />3.Deutsche B� 0� 2rse
Deutsche B & 65533, the operator of Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany; 0� 2rse, another participant on the list, also participated in the $60 million financing of digital asset holdings in January< However, unlike its joint investor ASX, Deutsche B & 65533; 0� 2rse expresses less support for technology
in an interview in February this year, Deutsche B & 65533; 0� 2rse said it is concting a proof of concept for the technology, although it has not released any survey or test results
4. Du multi commodity trading center
in the Middle East, blockchain related activities are relatively rare, and this situation has continued until the recent opening of the global blockchain Council. With 32 members, the global blockchain Council is a group of start-ups, financial companies and technology giants to monitor the application of technology and its impact
based on these members, Du multi Commodities Center is a special economic zone and commodity circulation center responsible for supervising the trading of precious metals and other tangible commodities
DMCC announced in February that it is engaged in a technology experiment with bitoasis, a bitcoin start-up company, to explore how blockchain technology can improve its personnel's entry process< JPX is one of the most active stock market operators in Asia. In February, JPX announced its interest in the instry and has formed an alliance with IBM to become a user of blockchain-as-a-service (baas)
at that time, relevant reports said that the Japanese exchange group was concting a proof of concept study on the role of blockchain technology in creating a new low liquidity asset trading system, and the final results would be published in a report later this year
earlier this month, the Japanese stock exchange group also announced that it is working with the Nomura Research Institute (NRI) to test how technology can be applied to the stock market< Korea exchange is the only stock exchange in South Korea and one of the new entrants to this list. It announced in February that it will strive to launch a counter trading platform through blockchain technology
in a statement to the local news media, Korea Exchange said it hoped the technology would help rece costs. Details of the trial and the company's participation in the group were not released
7. London Stock Exchange (LSE)
LSE is one of the founders of "post trade distributed ledger working group". When it comes to experiments on blockchain technology, LSE is one of the most dynamic and low-key institutions
the London Stock Exchange is one of the largest groups to follow the steps of R3, a start-up company, and it is the first to say that large financial companies will seek to use cooperation mode to conct blockchain testing, which is beyond the framework of R3
since then, some large financial companies have begun to participate in private proof of concept and operation in certain areas of capital markets involving all parties
in addition, like Kouvola innovation and Japan exchange group, London Stock Exchange is one of the initial customers of IBM's blockchain-as-a-service (baas)
8. NASDAQ
when it comes to testing blockchain technology, NASDAQ is probably the most active organization. Nasdaq, the US stock market operator, launched LINQ, a private equity trading platform for the first time in 2015, and thus became the first financial institution to conct a proof of concept of blockchain. At present, the platform is still in the testing stage
in addition, NASDAQ has reached a cooperation with chain, a blockchain solution provider, and allowed its internal experts to talk openly about blockchain technology
in 2016, NASDAQ continued this momentum. More recently, it has revealed that it is working with Estonia's NASDAQ OMX Tallinn stock exchange to conct a trial to use blockchain technology to rece obstacles to shareholder voting
9. New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
NYSE is one of the first companies interested in the instry. In 2015, NYSE issued two important statements, both of which are related to bitcoin
in January 2015, NYSE invested in coinbase, a bitcoin service company, as part of its round C financing. At that time, Jeffrey sprecher, chairman of NYSE, said the investment showed confidence in the fact that the millennials would widely use digital currency. He described the millennials as having a more progressive view of value exchange
in May, NYSE will continue to launch bitcoin price index, which will become a competitor of coindesk's bitcoin price index (BPI), which is based on the trading data of coinbase trading platform
10. TMX group
TMX group, the operator of Toronto Stock Exchange, has not clearly expressed its opinions on blockchain technology
however, with Anthony di Iorio (one of the co founders of Ethereum) employed as the organization's first chief digital technology officer, TMX also publicly expressed its interest in blockchain technology for the first time in March this year. Next generation network has become one of the most important blockchain applications in the eyes of the public after the proct release in March
nevertheless, TMX group has indicated that it is in the early stage of generating blockchain strategy, and it may conct technical testing soon

2.

Why is the Internet era coming to an end and the blockchain era coming

Once the

blockchain develops, it will burst out more innovation. As the first proct of blockchain, bitcoin has proced many innovations since its birth. For example, small cross-border payment, recording transfer transactions between currencies, recording various stocks, registering housing property rights, recording program codes, etc.

the steam age liberates social proctivity, the electrical age enlivens social cooperation ability, the Internet age connects the world, and the blockchain era will let us truly realize freedom

3.

The biggest feature of blockchain technology is decentralization, which will rece a lot of costs for the banking instry

First of all, decentralization means that the trust building mechanism between banking systems no longer needs intermediary, which saves the cost of intermediary

Secondly, the development of digital currency will realize the real-time digital transaction of banks. For example, in bill transaction, bank's bill transaction always relies on the third party to realize the transfer of valuable documents. Even for electronic bill transaction, it also needs the information of central bank's ECDs system for mutual authentication. The blockchain technology can realize the point-to-point value transmission, which no longer needs centralized system control. This not only speeds up the bill transmission speed, but also reces the mistakes caused by human factors. The rection of process will naturally rece the demand of the bank for personnel and save the labor cost of the bank

finally, it will also have an impact on clearing and settlement. The bank's clearing and settlement business has always been completed by the central settlement, with low efficiency. Settlement through blockchain technology will greatly improve the efficiency of banks

blockchain technology also plays an important role in the cross-border payment business of banks. Today, with the highly developed global trade, cross-border payment is becoming more and more frequent. Banks often act as third-party services in cross-border trade, such as electronic transfer, asset custody and so on. However, cross-border payment generally takes about two days to get to the account, which is inefficient and reces the utilization rate of funds in transit. In the blockchain technology, both sides of cross-border payment can complete through the point-to-point way, realize all-weather payment and real-time arrival, thus speeding up the speed of clearing and settlement, and improving the efficiency of bank business processing

another feature of blockchain technology is de risking. Banks can establish their own blockchain, which can ensure that the transaction information and transaction records of bank customers are true and effective, and will not be tampered with arbitrarily. Banks can effectively identify customers' information, understand all aspects of customers' situation, identify abnormal transactions of customers, and prevent being cheated by customers, So as to rece the cost of bank supervision

4. Guangcai charity money is not a real open source cryptocurrency, in fact, it has nothing to do with open source cryptocurrency. This kind of money has long been exposed as a typical pyramid scheme and has nothing to do with charity. Some organizations have already announced how to get rid of the relationship. This kind of currency often spreads some false information to deceive players
bitcoin, lightcoin, ethereal currency and decent are the real digital currencies.

5. The trading principle of sccti contract for difference is similar to that of virtual currency trading. The difference is that when you trade contracts for difference of virtual currency, such as bitcoin, you do not actually hold bitcoin, but trade the price trend of bitcoin,

6. Big brother, there is a special backstage service channel, not from the front entrance of the audience, but from the side door. If you don't know, you can ask the security personnel directly.

7.

characteristics of Zero3 international settlement center:
1. Zero3 public chain provides technical support for it, and the use of blockchain technology makes international settlement payment more efficient, safe and convenient

Zero3 is a global resource sharing platform, which is based on the Middle East Royal assets, European Economic and Trade Instry Association, Asia Pacific Instry Association, North American organization for economic cooperation and development, international authoritative academic institutions, international well-known banking institutions and so on

3. Zero digital asset trading platform provides guarantee for its trading and circulation

4. Euz's valuable digital assets are used as the medium of circulation

Zero3 instrial cluster provides landing support for it

the application of blockchain technology will certainly help the better development of international cross-border payment and settlement business. Zero3 international settlement center is committed to connecting the global financial and business scenarios, responding to the call of policy, deeply integrating international settlement and payment with blockchain technology, and creating a standardization platform based on blockchain technology, serving global cross-border payment and focusing on international small high-frequency transactions, Efficient and compliant settlement ecosystem

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extended information:

relying on the strong resource advantages of Global Instry Alliance, Zero3 international settlement center integrates the business resources of the Middle East, Europe, Asia Pacific, North America, etc. to build a standardized and efficient international settlement center based on blockchain technology, serving global cross-border payment, focusing on international small high-frequency transactions, A compliant settlement ecosystem

based on the technology of Zero3 blockchain interaction system, the new digital global payment pass euz is used as the circulation medium to break through the transaction barriers between real assets and digital assets, and establish application platforms including cross-border e-commerce, international commerce, international agriculture and other instries

through the blockchain technology, the trust relationship between people, enterprises and instries can be reshaped through the digital way, stimulating new business forms and new models, improving the conversion efficiency between the digital economy and the real economy, and promoting the great innovation of proction relations< strong>

8. There are two ways for applicants to get their passport from the visa center. One is to take it by themselves, waiting for the notice from the visa center; First, by mail, the applicant can choose to send the visa by mail

in case of self collection, the visa center will definitely inform the applicant of the current status of the passport by e-mail or other means before the applicant takes the passport. The applicant can only go to self collection after knowing the accurate status

if the passport is being delivered, it means that the passport has not arrived at the center, and the applicant needs to wait patiently. When the status of the passport shows that it has arrived, the applicant should pick up the passport from the center which submitted the passport

if it is by mail, the applicant can wait for the mail.

9.

At present, the United States is the largest user of visa codes. There are 18 kinds of non immigrant visa codes, each of which is subdivided into several categories. The brief introction is as follows:

(1) class a visa (i.e. diplomatic official visa) is issued to:

A-1: ambassadors, envoys, professional diplomatic officials, consular officials and their family members of foreign governments stationed in the United States

A-2: other officials, employees and their family members of foreign governments

A-3: attendants, servants, private employees and family members of A-1 and A-2 visa recipients

(2) class B visa (i.e. business travel visa) is issued to: B-1: short term stay personnel for the purpose of dealing with relevant affairs such as business and trade, investigation and visit, etc; B-2: short term visitors

(3) the issuing objects of class C visa (i.e. transit visa) are respectively:

C-1: foreigners in transit

C-2: foreigners in transit to UN headquarters in New York

C-3: foreign government officials, attendants, servants, private employees and their families in transit

(4) class D visa (i.e. crew, seafarer visa) is issued to the crew on international flights and seafarers on ships of all countries

(5) class E visa (i.e. international treaty or agreement investor visa) is issued to:

E-1: those who do business in the United States and their spouses and children according to international treaties or agreements

E-2: investors and their spouses and children in the United States according to international treaties or agreements

(6) the issuing objects of class F visa (i.e. study abroad visa) are:

F-1: students studying abroad (i.e. students studying at their own expense)

F-2: spouses and children of F-1 visa recipients

(7) class G visa (i.e. visa for employees of international organizations) is issued to the chief permanent representative of a foreign government accredited to an international organization recognized by the government, the staff on behalf of its subordinates and the family members of the above-mentioned personnel

G-2: other representatives of foreign governments accredited by the government to international organizations and their family members

G-3: representatives of international organizations of foreign governments and their family members not recognized by the government, or representatives of foreign governments and their family members who are not members of international organizations

G-4: officials, employees and their family members of international organizations

G-5: attendants, servants, private employees and family members of the above G1-G4 visa recipients

(8) class H visa (i.e. visa for temporary employees and trainees) is issued to foreigners with special professional skills in temporary work

H-2: foreigners who work temporarily e to a kind of work or occupation lacking in China

H-3: foreigners receiving various training

H-4: spouses and children of the above h-1-h-3 visa recipients

(9) class I visa (i.e. visa for journalists) is issued to representatives, journalists, spouses and children of news, radio, television and other organizations in the United States

(10) class J visa (i.e. exchange visiting scholar visa) is issued to the following subjects:

J-1: international students, advanced students and various scientific researchers dispatched according to the bilateral exchange visiting scholar program approved by the government

J-2: spouse and children of visa recipients

(11) the issuing objects of class k visa (i.e. marriage visa) are respectively:

k-1: foreigners who have to go to the United States to marry American citizens

K-2: alt children of visa recipients

(12) the issuing objects of L-type visa (i.e. visa for employees of multinational corporations) are respectively:

L-1: temporary employees of subsidiaries, offices or international enterprises of American multinational corporations stationed in the United States

L-2: spouse and children of visa recipients

(13) category m visa (i.e. non academic international student visa) is issued to foreign students who study full-time in American vocational universities or colleges

(14) class n visa (i.e. visa for accompanying parents and children of some special immigrants) is issued to the family members (parents and children) carried by staff members of some international organizations ring their service in the United States

(15) class o visa (i.e. visa for persons with outstanding talents) is issued to:

O-1: persons recognized domestically or internationally in science, ecation or business, sports, literature and art

O-2: the entourage of the above sports or literature and art personages

(16) category P visa (i.e. visa for outstanding entertainment instry and sports talents) is issued to outstanding entertainment instry performers and indivials or groups of outstanding athletes participating in competitions

(17) class Q visa (i.e. cultural exchange visa) is issued to people who go to the United States for short-term cultural exchange

(18) class R visa (i.e. visa for religious workers) is issued to those who go to the United States for short-term professional religious work

(19) the visa for the staff of national defense research projects is issued to the staff appointed by the United States government from the countries with equal and reciprocal treaties on national defense (no visa code)

(20) the disabled ecation work visa is issued to those who go to the United States for ecation and training programs for the disabled (no visa code)

extended information

according to the entry and exit situation, it can be divided into six categories: exit visa, entry visa, entry-exit visa, entry-exit visa, re-entry visa and transit visa. Exit visa only allows the holder to leave the country. If he needs to enter the country, he must apply for an entry visa again. Entry visa means that only the holder is allowed to enter the country. If he needs to leave the country, he must apply for an exit visa again. The holder of an entry-exit visa may leave the country or re-enter the country. Multiple entry and exit visa holders are allowed to enter and leave within the validity period of the visa

It can be divided into diplomatic visa, official visa, immigrant visa, non immigrant visa, Courtesy visa, tourist visa, work visa, study visa, business visa and family visa. The situation is different in each country

According to the length of time, it can be divided into long-term visa and short-term visa. The concept of a long-term visa is to stay in the country of destination for more than three months. It usually takes a long time to apply for a long-term visa regardless of the purpose of the visit. A visa that stays in the destination country for less than 3 months is called a short-term visa, and the time required to apply for a short-term visa is relatively short

According to the number of entry, it can be divided into one entry visa and multiple entry visa

Most of the countries in the world are divided into diplomatic visa, official visa and ordinary visa

There are four kinds of visa in the people's Republic of China, namely diplomatic visa, Courtesy visa, official visa and ordinary visa

immigrant visa and non immigrant visa

according to the purpose of entry, visa can be divided into immigrant visa and non immigrant visa. To obtain an immigrant visa means that the applicant has obtained the right of permanent residence in the country to which he is going and can become a legal citizen of that country after living for a certain period of time. Non immigrant visa can be divided into business, labor, study abroad, tourism, medical and other categories

anti visa

refers to that the inviting party completes the visa approval certificate for the visitors in the entry and exit administration department of the country to which they are going, and then submits the certificate together with the applicant's passport, application form and other materials to the national embassy and consulate of the country. The Chinese embassy or consulate in the visiting country shall sign the visa on the applicant's passport on the basis of the approval materials, without consulting the relevant domestic departments. Generally speaking, obtaining the counter signature means that the entry is approved, and the passport does not have to wait too long after it is sent to the Embassy of the destination country in China. Most of the countries implementing anti signature are in Asia, such as Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, etc

port visa

refers to the visa processing at the entry port of the country of destination (also known as landing visa). Generally speaking, to apply for port visa, the invitees need to apply to the exit entry administration department in their own country in advance. After approval, a of the approval certificate will be sent to the visitors. The latter will leave the country with the certificate and obtain a visa upon arrival at the port of destination

the countries that issue port visa to foreign citizens are mainly some countries in West Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East and Oceania

another paper visa

another paper visa is also a form of visa. Generally, the visa is usually stamped or labeled on the inside page of the passport, while the other paper visa is separately annotated on a special paper outside the passport, which has the same effect as the visa on the passport, but must be used together with the passport

With the continuous development of international relations and tourism in various countries, visa free is developed to facilitate friendly exchanges between citizens of various countries. According to the agreement signed by the foreign ministries of the two countries, citizens of both countries can freely enter and leave each other's borders with valid domestic passports, without having to apply for a visa. Mutual visa exemption can be divided into full mutual visa exemption and partial mutual visa exemption

transit visa

when a country's citizens travel internationally, in addition to arriving at the destination directly, they often have to pass through one or two countries to finally enter the destination country. At this time, not only the entry permit to the country, but also the transit permit to the country, which is called transit visa. The regulations on transit visa vary from country to country. Many countries stipulate that all foreigners who enter a third country through the country need to apply for a visa regardless of the length of stay. According to international practice, if there are no special restrictions, a citizen of a country should issue a transit visa as long as he holds a valid passport, an entry visa to the country of destination or a connecting air ticket

reference: Internet visa

10.

E-visa is a U.S. agency with 10 years of service. This paper studies the visa basis and visa regulations of European and American countries and other regions, which has laid a solid theoretical foundation for Chinese citizens to travel to other countries“ "Anti rejection" has thus constructed our main melody