Blockchain accounting personnel training

1. With the emergence of cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, this time tested financial framework is likely to be changed. With the power of blockchain and the rise of this new data based currency, the whole concept of money has been reversed. Although our current understanding of money has changed over the past few decades, thanks to credit cards and fiat money, cryptocurrency is the logical next step in this evolution
this is understandable for accountants, but what does it mean for entrepreneurs? Well, anyone interested in starting or maintaining a successful business will need a competent accounting team. With the change of financial environment, the experience and insight that business accountants need will also change. Understanding this coming paradigm shift can better help entrepreneurs prove their organization in the future, and may even help them save money on business expenses related to accounting
overview of bitcoin modern accounting
the current financial paradigm regards bitcoin, Ethernet and all other cryptocurrencies as assets. In the United States, for example, any form of cryptocurrency is considered property, not money. Although the IRS recognizes that bitcoin can be used as a "medium of exchange", bitcoin is not classified as currency because it usually has the function of "unit of account and value storage space"
as a result of this classification, changes in the value and quantity of cryptocurrencies are taxed as capital gains or losses. mining or buying a lot of bitcoin will lead to capital increase, which will make bitcoin subject to capital gains tax. The same is true for trading or selling cryptocurrency, as these events are treated as taxable capital gains and losses. Therefore, the accounting treatment of the holding amount of the comparative currency or other high-end stocks is roughly the same as that of other forms of equity (such as real estate or stocks)
forecast of bitcoin and accounting in the future
e to the legitimacy of blockchain and cryptocurrency in the financial sector, the accounting nature of bitcoin and other advanced currencies will also change. Although many potential changes are too far away to be accurately predicted, one aspect of accounting is bound to change dramatically, which will inevitably affect all entrepreneurs and business organizations. This aspect refers to audit
here's how blockchain and cryptocurrency are used to brutally disrupt the audit process, and what it means for companies that employ auditors? Because bitcoin is currently classified as the property that must pay capital gains tax, the audit method of its value is called immediate forensics analysis. However, the immediate verifiability of blockchain technology makes this audit method obsolete

when you track these changes and developments, please discuss with your organization's accountant or financial advisor. They can help you understand the further meaning of these events; In some cases, they can even show you what actions you can take to deal with these events, so as to increase your profits, rece your costs, and open up a new development path for your enterprise
on the other hand, if your accountants and auditors are at a loss about your research, consider updating your finance team.

2. Blockchain is a technical solution to collectively maintain a reliable database through centralization and distrust. This technical solution allows any number of nodes in the participating system to calculate and record all the information exchange data in the system in a period of time to a data block through cryptography algorithm, and generate the fingerprint of the data block for linking the next data block and checking. All participating nodes in the system jointly determine whether the record is true
blockchain can improve the way of data recording in audit. In the current network audit, although there is an early warning mechanism, it still needs auditors to judge and handle the abnormal records manually; Blockchain can automatically process the abnormal records through whether each node verifies and approves the block and the transaction information in it, whether the network node is attacked, and whether the account book of each node is complete, so as to make real-time audit possible. Auditors can directly access and query the effective information on the blockchain, judge whether the processing is reasonable and make corrections. In the blockchain, timestamps are used to record various transactions and operations, which can achieve historical traceability and tracking, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of audit
blockchain can change the storage mode of audit data. In traditional audit, data are stored in an audit center server, which not only has the problems of high load and slow running speed, but also is vulnerable to attack; The blockchain audit system is a typical distributed storage, each node has the same backup, which can not only save the high cost and maintenance costs of the server, but also ensure the integrity of the data
semi public private chain can be used for audit. Blockchain can be divided into three forms: public chain, semi open private chain and full private chain. Considering the characteristics of audit instry, it is appropriate to adopt semi open private chain mode. For the audited units and enterprises, some trade secret information is not disclosed, but the pre selected nodes within the group decide the generation of the block. External suppliers can participate in the transaction but not the accounting process. Externally, it provides a third-party query node to query through the open API. In this way, it can not only ensure the internal privacy of the enterprise, but also enable the external auditors to implement real-time audit query.

3. Instry application of Newton
1) Chain retail: under the corporate organizational structure, capital gains have far exceeded labor gains. With the development of computer and Internet, a new generation of giant retail institutions accelerate the accumulation of wealth to capital. Chain business is the basic business model of human-computer community, and any behavior that has a positive contribution to human-computer community will be encouraged. The application of chain business model in the retail instry is concive to recing transaction costs, protecting consumer privacy and promoting intelligent cooperation
newmall: in the online mall of newmall, because there is no profitable commercial intermediary, the transaction cost of the seller will be greatly reced, and consumers, service providers and other participants can get the incentive of Newton's pass according to the contribution value (newforce)
new digital asset management: as a new digital asset of users, consumption data can be managed through tools such as newpay. Users really own the data, carry out authorization control, pricing and charging, and eliminate the data disclosure without knowledge
targeted advertising: users can set whether to accept marketing, as well as the required information type and price range through newpay and other tools. Advertisers set marketing plans through various marketing smart contract templates built into the system, including target users, incentive mode, settlement method, dynamic price adjustment rules, etc. Advertisers can accurately put in advertisements, make point-to-point settlement with users, and eliminate advertising fraud< br />2 Payment: the current payment cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the flexibility is poor. Through blockchain and other technologies, we can build a new generation of transaction and payment system. Internet of things devices based on newiot technology can access newchain at a very low cost. Smart contracts can be established between devices to realize automatic settlement and payment, meeting the high-frequency requirements in this scenario
Global Payment: through the global distribution of newchain infrastructure and newpay payment tools, cross-border transactions are simple and convenient, and the cost is extremely low
3) supply chain: goods are usually delivered to consumers through logistics, warehousing, customs clearance, sales and many other links. When there is after-sales service, there will be a corresponding reverse process. The current supply chain is basically opaque, and it is difficult for consumers to confirm the origin and circulation information of goods. For some instries, such as food, medicine and luxury goods, this is a big problem. Therefore, a transparent and credible supply chain system for all stakeholders is very important
through the combination of atomic hash, newiot, newchain and other technologies, the supply chain system will be credible, open and transparent, and generate more business innovation
4) self financing: the traditional financial service system has the characteristics of heavy workload, long cycle, high cost and poor flexibility, which is usually difficult to serve small and medium-sized enterprises and indivials. Through digital identity and credit, a new self financing system can be established
enterprise and indivial credit: enterprises and indivials establish a consistent credit system based on newid. Only after authorization, can a third party obtain credit records
Asset Securitization: through the smart contract template, financial organizations can create financial procts without human participation. Through the relevant token tools based on newchain, all kinds of assets can be easily valued or transformed into token on the chain
5) gaming: by combining with blockchain technology, a new game experience can be created: users are both players and rule participants, and virtual game assets are owned by users
automatic transaction of virtual game assets: through the cross chain and Oracle technology provided by newchain, the virtual items in various games can be easily recorded on the blockchain, and the automatic transaction can be realized
game with transparent rules: game developers can easily establish algorithm transparent game logic through newchain related smart contract tools to improve the fairness and transparency of the game
6) agriculture: Currently, there are many problems in agriculture, such as incomplete data and low degree of automation. Block chain combined with Internet of things technology can automatically collect, store and analyze proction data, save the high maintenance cost of centralized management system, rece the later maintenance cost, and help to improve the intelligent and large-scale level of agriculture
traceability of agricultural procts: by introcing the Internet of things equipment compatible with newiot standard into the process of agricultural means circulation, agricultural proction and agricultural procts sales, the safety and efficiency of the whole process of agricultural proction can be improved. Due to the non tampering characteristics of proction data, it can be widely used in scientific research and anti-counterfeiting purposes
intelligent planting: through the Internet of things sensor compatible with newiot standard, it can realize the all-weather monitoring of the planting environment and crop growth. Combined with newai, it can make intelligent decisions on the monitoring results, and build a complete set of intelligent planting system, which can discover risks in time, stabilize proction and increase income
7) public welfare: with its characteristics of decentralization, high transparency and tamper proof information, blockchain technology naturally meets the needs of the public welfare field. Public welfare organizations can store the whole process information from fund-raising, project progress, use of donation and feedback from recipients on newchain for the convenience of donors and the public< Public welfare audit: public welfare activities need public welfare audit to improve efficiency and maintain trust. Through newchain, newid and other technologies and agreements, every donation will be traceable. Public welfare institutions can track the later situation of the relief objects through relevant tools, which helps to enhance the fairness and transparency of public welfare
wildlife protection: using newiot technology, the data of rare wildlife resources can be recorded on newchain, so as to track the location, body index, etc. of each specific animal, providing key information help for migration scientific research tracking, combating poaching and trafficking.

4. 1. Blockchain in the field of payment: the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, is high, and many manual processes are involved; The application of blockchain technology can rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, significantly improve the efficiency of the payment field, and make it easier for financial institutions to handle small cross-border payment business, which is concive to the realization of inclusive financial business. 2. In the field of clearing and settlement: different financial institutions have different infrastructure structures and business processes, involving many manual processes, which greatly increases business costs and is prone to errors. The application of blockchain technology, combined with the assets on the chain mentioned in the second point, can complete the point-to-point real-time clearing and settlement, so as to rece the cost of value transfer, shorten the time, improve efficiency, and both sides of the transaction can obtain good privacy protection. 3. Asset management: equity, bonds, bills and other assets are entrusted by different intermediaries, which increases the transaction cost of assets and brings the problem of forged vouchers. With the application of blockchain technology, this kind of assets can be digitized into digital assets on the chain. With the characteristics of irreversibility, non tampering and openness of blockchain, the efficiency of asset transaction can be improved and the cost of asset management can be reced. Because the characteristics of blockchain are irreversible and tamperable, the information is confidential and secure, the point-to-point transaction transmission is decentralized, and the information can be traced reliably; In order to rece intermediate costs and improve efficiency, it is not only used in accounting and auditing, but also can be applied to all walks of life. Now we can see the mode of blockchain cooperation operation from behind the operation of all walks of life. Therefore, blockchain will widely and profoundly change the way of human life, so the whole life service will enter the era of blockchain. In the process of Internet development, blockchain + physical instry, blockchain e-commerce and blockchain community operation can be applied to blockchain technology.

5. Blockchain technology is to use computers to solve some propositions that can't be calculated by human brain. Generally, these propositions can't be judged by backstepping. They can only be tested one by one, so this is our legendary mining. So the stronger the computing power of the computer, the easier it is to try to get the right number, which means that we have succeeded in mining
this is totally different from the operations in accounting. Most of the operations in accounting are floating-point operations, which are totally different.

6. yes. I have to remind you: this boy is very wet. MLM has a three-tier structure, which is basically a Ponzi scheme
in 2003, he was a 20-year-old undergraate and graated in three years. In 2006, he graated in four years. He didn't know what to do. I went to Jiangsu Institute of technology for accounting. The working experience from 2006 to 2010 is unknown
in 2011, I read an on-the-job postgraate, master of accounting from Tianjin University of Finance and economics. All the on-the-job masters know that they can get on with money and have no diploma
in 2015, I spent 200000 yuan to buy a Ph.D. from the Philippines. I went there twice a year, 45 days each time, for a total of three years. When I handed in a paper, there was an intermediary to help you operate it well. Just give me money. Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), Bulacan State University, Blaca National University, Philippines. This DBA doctor has enough water, and the Ministry of ecation of China naturally does not recognize the degree
the postdoctoral program of Cambridge University is even more out of the question, without any authoritative certification
anyway, I'll buy my own manuscript and toss it. You have to think about what problems he solved. If you can't solve any problem and still live well, you should be careful. It's called the offering of leeks
generally, this kind of person who throws his head to show his face is a puppet with strings on his back, which is basically supported by big men, such as the second generation of warlords in Southeast Asia, and so on. However, it's easy to be arrested as a principal criminal if something really happens. Learn what the accounting blockchain, programmers turn your secret key, the server delete library, you cry, die don't know how to die
but Ponzi's scam is not necessarily impossible. The first loan to play P2P is often fake. Penguin started as pony pretending to be a woman chatting with her. When there are more people playing, it's up. The core is to see if you have value created by others
pay attention to the risk.

7. It's mainly data calculation. Many people keep accounts together, and they are all the same

8. The primary accounting title examination includes two subjects: the basis of economic law and the primary accounting practice. Those who take part in the primary qualification examination should pass all subjects in one examination year before they can obtain the primary qualification certificate. The full score of the basic examination paper of economic law is 100, and the qualified score is 60; The full score of primary accounting practice is 100, and the qualified score is 60; Period of validity: the personnel who take part in the primary qualification examination must pass the examination of two subjects in one examination before they can obtain the qualification certificate of primary accountant.

9. Cloud computing, big data, blockchain, intelligent technology, these new applications and new technologies emerge one after another. On the one hand, they have brought great changes to the development of financial management, on the other hand, they also have a great impact on accountants. Not only do accountants in the workplace need to quickly find a breakthrough and carry out transformation, but accounting students in the school stand on the starting station of the accounting instry, We must also face up to this situation and adapt to the situation<

single ability will be eliminated by the society

the former universities pay attention to the cultivation of professional talents, and students only need to master the courses of their own specialty. However, new technology will replace a large number of basic accounting work in the future, so the basic accounting knowledge learned by accounting majors in school is likely to become worthless content when they enter the society. How can we avoid the embarrassing situation at this stage of grassroots accounting

at this time, students majoring in accounting are required to have the ability in addition to their professional knowledge, so that they can deal with more diverse tasks after entering the post<

the employment of the original position no longer has advantages

the rapid and wide application of new technology in the accounting field makes the instry talents become diversified. Ms. Jin, partner of PricewaterhouseCoopers, once mentioned in an interview, "among new employees, accounting majors may be fewer and fewer, because new technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain are not the knowledge that accounting majors are good at, but many of them are the specialty of science and engineering students. Therefore, we need to recruit talents in different professional fields. "

accounting firms, which once had great advantages in accounting majors, will graally increase the introction of other professionals, which will undoubtedly rece the employment opportunities of accounting students

how should accounting students deal with it

accounting students should have a sense of crisis, but there is no need to be pessimistic. As long as they are aware of the current situation and make corresponding changes, they can turn challenges into opportunities< In order to cultivate students' English and computer skills, CET-6 and proficient operation of office system will become the most basic ability requirements< It is necessary to cultivate the way of doing things and the ability of logical thinking, clear thinking and quick comprehension, which can help graates adapt to the working environment and develop their talents

3. To exercise the ability of communication, coordination and organization, the most irreplaceable ability of artificial intelligence is people's communication ability. In the future, accounting jobs will need more things to be coordinated by people, so students must participate in community and practical activities to avoid becoming robots who can't speak

4. Although accounting professional knowledge has become the most basic ability, it is also an important basis for all work. Only a solid grasp of professional knowledge can provide stable support for the subsequent development

the arrival of a new era is destined to mean change and development. Challenges and opportunities always come together. Therefore, accounting students need not panic because we are all in the same situation. As long as we make changes first, we will be able to cope with changes.