CCSE ecological blockchain

1.

However, the relevant page of wbo shows that "this organization is not in consultative status with ECOSOC", which means that wbo has no affiliation with the United Nations

the above-mentioned instry insiders said that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are non-governmental and autonomous, which means that they are independent of the government in system, and they are not part of the government system. It is unheard of for NGOs to engage in the business of license issuance and license issuance. The source said that there is a big gap with NGOs in terms of the types and contents of services provided by wbos, It's more like a government regulator

According to UN resolution 1296, if NGOs want to register in the United Nations, their members must participate in organizational activities in a democratic way, have a democratic decision-making mechanism, have arrangements of responsibility mechanism and transparency of decision-making process, And submit information on its budget and sources of funds to the United Nations

According to the instry insiders, NGOs are still on the edge of the existing international system and have limited influence on major decision-making, but it is precisely because they can be registered in the United Nations that many organizations and indivials use them as endorsement tools

it is understood that as early as 2017, there was a similar NGO organization in China, named wadcc, which claimed to be an international organization at the first level of the United Nations and became the first global super sovereign third-party financial regulatory agency (NGO) under the economic and Social Council, Wadcc, like wbo, has no affiliation with the United Nations and is only registered with the UN Ministry of social economy

3. Old blockchain media: btc123; Golden Finance and economics; Thousand krypton finance and economics are domestic first-class instry media companies!

4. Since the blockchain upsurge in China, the whole instry has been exploring various landing scenarios. It can be said that there are so many blockchains, which have attracted countless entrepreneurs. So what are the advantages of blockchain in the supply chain finance? What are the pain points of the traditional model? What new business models can blockchain create to solve these problems? How should blockchain start-ups enter this field
Moody's, the world's famous bond rating agency, has given 127 blockchain cases, from points to transaction clearing, from document storage to supply chain management, from cross-border payment to supply chain finance, and various applications emerge in endlessly
among so many applications, supply chain finance has attracted much attention, and its commercialization has made rapid progress
this is because, first of all, the supply chain finance scene has a trillion level market scale, and the ceiling is high enough. Secondly, this scene naturally needs multi-party cooperation, but there is no traditional centralized institution in governance, and it needs to use blockchain to build trust. At the same time, technically, this scene does not need high concurrency, and the current blockchain technology can meet it
1. Supply chain finance is a trillion level market
supply chain finance refers to the comprehensive financial procts and services provided to the upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain by taking the core enterprises and their related upstream and downstream enterprises as a whole, relying on the core enterprises, taking real trade as the premise, and using the method of self compensating trade financing
according to the different financing collateral, financial institutions divide the supply chain finance into accounts receivable, prepayment and inventory financing, among which the scale of accounts receivable is particularly large< According to the data from the National Bureau of statistics, at the end of 2016, the accounts receivable of China's Instrial Enterprises above designated size were 12.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 10% over the same period of last year, which generated a huge financing demand for enterprises. Compared with the huge accounts receivable, China's annual commercial factoring volume was only about 200 billion yuan in 2015. It can be seen that there is still a large number of supply chain demand has not been met, so the development space of supply chain finance instry is huge
2. How to solve the pain point of supply chain finance with blockchain
pain point 1: the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain is difficult and the cost is high
because banks rely on the ability to control goods and regulate sales of core enterprises, for the sake of risk control, banks are only willing to provide factoring services to upstream suppliers (limited to primary suppliers) with direct accounts payable obligations of core enterprises, Or provide advance payment or inventory financing to its downstream distributors (primary suppliers)
as a result, the demand of secondary and tertiary suppliers / distributors with huge financing demand can not be met, the business volume of supply chain finance is limited, and SMEs can not get timely financing, which will easily lead to proct quality problems and damage the whole supply chain system
blockchain solution:
we issue and run a kind of digital bill on the blockchain, which can be split and transferred freely in the case of transparency and multi-party witness
this model is equivalent to making the credit in the whole business system conctive and traceable, providing financing opportunities for a large number of SMEs that could not have been financed, greatly improving the efficiency and flexibility of bill circulation, and recing the capital cost of SMEs
according to statistics, in the past, traditional supply chain finance companies could only provide financing services for about 15% of suppliers (small and medium-sized enterprises) in the supply chain, while after adopting blockchain technology, 85% of suppliers could enjoy financing convenience
pain point 2: as the main financing tool of supply chain finance, the use of commercial bills and bank bills at this stage is limited, and the transfer is difficult
the use of commercial bills is subject to the reputation of enterprises, and it is difficult to control the arrival time of bank bill discount. At the same time, if we want to transfer these bonds, the difficulty is not small
because in the actual financial operation, banks are very concerned about the legal effect of "Notice of transfer" of accounts receivable claims. If the core enterprise cannot sign back, banks will not be willing to extend credit. It is understood that the bank is very cautious about the legal effect of signing the "Notice of assignment" of creditor's rights, and even requires the legal representative of the core enterprise to go to the bank to sign it face to face. Obviously, this way of operation is extremely difficult
blockchain solution:
an alliance chain can be built between banks and core enterprises, which can be used by all member enterprises in the supply chain. By using the characteristics of multi-party signature and tamper proof of blockchain, the transfer of creditor's rights can get multi-party consensus and rece the difficulty of operation
of course, the system design should be able to achieve the legal notice effect of bond transfer. At the same time, the bank can trace the transactions of each node and draw a visible transaction flow chart
pain point 3: it is difficult for the supply chain financial platform / core enterprise system to prove its innocence, resulting in high risk control cost of the capital side
in the current supply chain financial business, banks or other capital sides are concerned about the authenticity of the transaction information itself in addition to the repayment ability and willingness of the enterprise, and the transaction information is recorded by the ERP system of the core enterprise
although ERP tampering is difficult, it is not absolutely credible. Banks are still worried that core enterprises and suppliers / dealers collude to modify information, so they need to invest manpower and material resources to verify the authenticity of the transaction, which increases the additional cost of risk control
blockchain solution:
as a "trusted machine", blockchain has the characteristics of traceability, consensus and decentralization, and the data on the blockchain has a time stamp, so even if the data of a node is modified, it can not cover the sky. Therefore, blockchain can provide an absolutely trusted environment and rece the cost of risk control on the capital side, Solve the bank's doubts about being tampered with information
3. How should blockchain companies cut into supply chain finance
in terms of market choice, we believe that blockchain start-ups should choose the segments with high enough ceiling, such as household appliances, automobile, retail, clothing, pharmaceutical instry, etc. On the one hand, these instries have a broad market, on the other hand, their supply chain management infrastructure is relatively perfect, and the early cost of block chain is relatively small
we believe that there are two modes for blockchain companies to enter supply chain finance
the first is to directly cooperate with core enterprises / platforms to provide them with the underlying solutions of blockchain. After accumulating enough data, they can provide financial services to the investors by building alliance chain Alliance chain mode)
in view of the fact that the blockchain itself can not solve the problem of risk control, enterprise level risk control still needs to focus on strong core enterprises at the present stage. At the same time, obtaining the support of core enterprises can also effectively solve the problem of customer acquisition, because a large core enterprise generally has thousands of various suppliers
at present, domestic blockchain companies start from core enterprises, including Bubi and Wanglu technology. Bubi has launched an alliance chain "Bunuo" for supply chain finance, linking banks, core enterprises and factoring companies. Bunuo is based in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, radiating southeast business, and digging deep into the field of supply chain finance, Previously, it signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Yigang
the second mode is to provide supply chain management services, such as traceability, tracking, visualization, etc., to integrate information flow, logistics and capital flow, and then engage in financial services Private chain mode)
this mode is equivalent to building an application scenario with blockchain. Just like Alipay, if Ma Yun did Alipay directly, it would be difficult to do so because there was no application scenario, so Taobao first served the real economy. With Taobao, Alipay emerged as a centralization trust scenario and grafted other applications on Alipay before accomplishments.
at present, among the domestic blockchain companies, bitse and food premium are the ones that adopt the supply chain service mode
for example, vechain provides a method of anti-counterfeiting and traceability, by implanting an NFC chip into each commodity, registering the commodity on the blockchain, so that it has a digital identity, and then recording all the information of the digital identity through the account book maintained jointly, so as to achieve the verification effect. At present, vechain procts have been connected with more than 10 instry benchmark customers, and millions of IDS are running on the chain
4. Build a supply chain financial exchange in three steps
from the perspective of implementation path, the application of blockchain in the field of supply chain finance can be realized in three steps
as a prerequisite, we need to build a blockchain + supply chain finance alliance, whose participants include supply chain finance platform, core enterprises, professional financial intermediaries, financiers, factoring institutions, etc
each participant needs to undertake corresponding obligations. For example, the platform is responsible for providing basic services such as supply chain information and customer information, while the core enterprise understands the instry situation, has control over the enterprises in the supply chain, and is responsible for risk control
professional financial intermediaries can integrate and analyze the platform information, and provide customized supply chain financial procts, such as personalized blockchain electronic bills. The fund side includes banks, Internet financial institutions and other customers who are responsible for docking the corresponding risk preference
after the establishment of alliance chain, we can start the three-step strategy
the first step is to put the data in the supply chain alliance on the chain, use the characteristics of blockchain to make it tamperable, and provide services such as data authentication and traceability
the second step is asset digitization, which turns warehouse receipts, contracts, and blockchain bills that can represent financing needs into digital assets, which are unique, tamper proof, and non reprocible
the third step is the transaction of digital assets. The supply chain financial platform will be transformed into a financial asset exchange, which will transform the non-standard enterprise loan demand into standardized financial procts for token, docking investment and financing demand, and concting value trading
finally, blockchain technology will effectively enhance the liquidity of supply chain financial assets, mobilize new financing tools and risk control system, help cover the long tail market of SME financing, and promote supply chain finance as a service.

5. The scenario application of ccmall is an ecological chain connected by six different business sectors. Ccmall sector is a self-supporting mall sector, which mainly focuses on self-supporting goods, with high quality and low price! Ccmoney is a social e-commerce platform, similar to Beidian and gathered! Set reliable section is a cooperation with Taobao, tmall and Jingdong. Almost all of the procts of several mainstream electronic commodity stations have set reliable section, and the price is much cheaper than buying directly on tmall and Jingdong. It can also make money. The credit life section helps you build your personal credit, which is very practical. There are ecation plate, advertising media plate will not elaborate, you can choose according to their own characteristics and needs.

6. As a third-party service company with standardization and process in the domestic blockchain instry, the team is composed of a number of senior practitioners. The core members have three years' experience in blockchain and six years' experience in brand incubation planning, and have completed Angel round financing with an estimated value of 35 million yuan, which is jointly invested by chubei capital, blockstar and chainstar capital
in view of the current market situation, high-dimensional space from & quot; White paper writing& quot; Community formation“ Cognitive training, conference activity planning, airdrop candy, and & quot; Website building& quot; Media matrix“ Starting from proct service lines such as roadshow competition, investment and financing docking, and publicity and promotion, it not only provides a complete set of online solutions for new online projects and enterprises, but also escorts mature blockchain projects in technology and marketing, and makes common progress with instry leaders
at present, it has carried out strong cooperation with many domestic business schools with IP, and successfully incubated many high-quality projects, such as webvr engine, latichain, ht.cc, etainpower and rrex.

7. Putian incident refers to the vicious incident that Putian Health Instry Association launched a large-scale "malicious click" on its medical institutions not offline for network promotion on April 7, 2015, and threatened the latter to withdraw and network promotion<
Chinese name
Putian Department malicious click event
suspected organization
Putian Department Health Instry Association
suspected illegal internal backwater
Event Background
on April 4, 2015, Putian Department Health Instry Association announced that all member units will stop cooperating with the network in bidding promotion from 0:00 on April 5, 2015. However, on the third day of the "stop cooperation", it was revealed that there was internal differentiation in Putian Department on the Internet, and many hospitals were unwilling to stop investing in the network promotion that brought huge profits [1]
on April 7, 2015, Putian Federation began to "fulfill its promise" and launched a large-scale "malicious click" on medical institutions not promoted online in the name of local branches and inspection offices, and some non Putian medical institutions were also affected [1]
it is illegal to press other private hospitals through "malicious click". On the evening of April 7, 2015, the Internet issued a solemn statement that it had officially reported the case to the public security organ and cooperated with the public security organ to investigate and collect evidence; At the same time, it will technically block malicious click behavior, protect the interests of customers, and said that "it will never make any compromise to false medical institutions, and will resolutely fight against such underworld behavior" [1]
suspected of breaking the law
what is malicious click? As early as 2009, the "golden finger" software appeared in the network, which aims to quickly consume the promotion cost of advertisers and force them to go offline by constantly clicking on the customer links of network promotion. According to media reports, the "network golden finger" software and its manufacturer have been prosecuted by the public security organs. Once the criminal responsibility will be investigated, it will open a precedent for the Internet to crack down on "malicious click" crimes
in response to the "golden finger" case, Professor Sun Guoxiang, a famous criminologist and Law School of Nanjing University, pointed out that such software maliciously interferes with the identification of effective click information in the network promotion system, hinders the normal operation of the billing system, and makes a large number of promotion users lose their expenses and the possibility of obtaining potential business opportunities through promotion. The operation of this kind of malicious click software seriously damages the normal order of network operation and infringes on the interests of the network, its customers and Internet users. Therefore, the judicial organ should file a case for investigation and investigate the criminal responsibility of the perpetrator [1]
this time, the Putian department will "" the illegal behavior of malicious click again, put pressure and intimidate the medical institutions that continue to cooperate with Internet companies, and even don't distinguish whether the company belongs to Putian department, so the attitude is very arrogant [1]
according to the official microblog on the Internet, from the noon of April 7, 2015, some private hospitals received threats from the "Putian instry health maintenance group" and the "general inspection office", demanding that the person in charge of the hospital immediately "stop bidding, or bear the consequences"; Among them, "we are the Putian army. Can you believe it?"“ "Attack in five minutes" and so on, with a very arrogant and tough attitude; In addition, some microblog bloggers also revealed the "action guide" of some institutions in Putian department, including a series of means such as "human flesh, tracking, beating related personnel" and "smashing the hospital outpatient room", all of which were eye-catching. According to netizens, if medical institutions continue to cooperate with Internet companies, they will use "power" to click on the promotion link of the medical institution until the promotion cost is exhausted [1]
Zhu Wei, researcher and associate professor of communication law center of China University of political science and law, and Deputy Secretary General of Beijing consumer rights and Interests Protection Law Research Association, said that interfering with third-party information services by plug-in and other abnormal means not only seriously infringes the legitimate rights and interests of users and network service providers, but also seriously infringes the normal competition order of medical advertising. In particular, the infringer, by means of threat and in the form of consortium, roughly interferes with other people's normal independent marketing behavior, which also involves unfair competition and criminal crimes [1]
internal backwater
the network responded immediately to the "Putian army"'s malicious click, customer threat and other behaviors. In the statement released on the afternoon of April 7, 2015, the network said that it "has officially reported the case to the public security organ" and "will never make any compromise to the false medical institutions", and said that the network will technically shield malicious click behavior, provide a normal and fair investment environment for customers, and protect the interests of customers [1]
it is reported that this is the third time that the Internet has made a strong response to the Putian boycott incident, and its attitude has become increasingly firm [1]
as early as March 26, 2015, when the Putian department's boycott statement caused by stepping up the cleaning up of illegal medical advertisements spread on the Internet, the Internet clearly pointed out that it would not shake the determination of "high threshold and strict audit"; Later, the network once again declared that "it will not relax the requirements because of the boycott of" problem hospitals "; After Putian launched malicious clicks, personal threats and other means to interfere with the normal business activities of network promotion customers, the network also appealed to the legal authorities for the first time [1]
it is worth noting that the "terrorist attack warning" type of cyber violence in Putian Department has aroused heated discussion from all sides, and also caused dissatisfaction from many relevant people in Putian department. According to netizens make complaints about, in the evening of April 7th, a "Putian army" frontline personage on the Internet Tucao said: "we are not to better develop our own determination?" Can all hospitals stop bidding, and our goal is achieved? As a front-line practitioner, I feel that my future is at stake. "
in fact, Putian Federation has decided not to cooperate with internet promotion, which is beyond reproach. However, it has violated the reputation of Internet companies and the interests of the majority of medical institutions by threatening and threatening its medical institutions when they do not actively implement it. Some Internet experts pointed out that it should be seen that the biggest victims of Putian's "malicious click" storm are actually ordinary medical institutions, and the boycott of malicious click should also be supported by various instries. The Internet and public security organs join hands to crack down on "malicious click", which will be concive to the promotion of high-quality medical resources, patients will become the biggest beneficiaries, and will also effectively promote the healthy and orderly development of the whole medical instry.

8. Unknown_Error

9.

External accounts refer to accounts with customers or other banks, such as deposits, loans, interbank deposits, interbank lending, etc

internal accounts refer to the accounts needed for internal accounting of banks, such as cash, fixed assets, profit and loss, other receivables and payable, etc

internal accounts are viewed by the boss, while external accounts are viewed by the tax department. Since there are internal accounts and external accounts, and there are differences, we need to make two accounts

the cash journal of internal account and external account can be different, but the bank deposit journal can't be different, because the bank will leave traces and the tax will check the bank account. Once the difference is found in the bank account, it will be related to the authenticity and compliance of all accounts

extended data:

for example, a company sets up two sets of financial books and a private vault for the end of the year bonus and welfare expenses of employees. The most common way for some enterprises to operate out of account is to withdraw funds under various names

another account is opened for operation, and the whole business activity is accounted by another account book, which is not reflected in the legal account book. For example, an enterprise has opened 10 savings accounts and bank accounts in the private name, and transferred a large amount of funds to private accounts other than the enterprise's financial accounts to carry out some illegal acts