Position: Home page » Blockchain » What does the transaction of blockchain use for sharing
What does the transaction of blockchain use for sharing
Publish: 2021-04-01 11:58:20
1. Concept analysis of blockchain: it is not only a concept but also a technical system
blockchain is a distributed system, which is constructed by cryptography. Indeed, blockchain is a technical collection of concepts formed by distributed system and cryptography. We should emphasize that it is not only a concept but also a technical system, At the very beginning, blockchain only represented the account structure of the underlying technology of bitcoin. It was a narrow concept. At the beginning, because the development of this technology should be represented by a special term to distinguish it from bitcoin, this word was used to refer to it, and it became a bigger and richer concept and a complete system
when we think back to cloud computing, cloud computing existed before the word cloud computing was put forward. However, once cloud computing was put forward, it developed rapidly along the concept of cloud computing. I think blockchain also has such characteristics, and it will continue to develop. Once it becomes a complete sub Technology system, all the technologies in the sub fields under blockchain will continue to develop, The algorithms in the sub domain will develop in the direction of qualitative change in the way of adding tests. Blockchain is a kind of distributed line or network trust technology. When I studied blockchain technology, there was no blockchain word. We called it distributed computing. On the technical level, end-to-end. From a macro point of view, the blockchain is composed of multiple nodes participated by Dongfang. It is equal. The cooperation of these nodes needs to complete the mutual verification on the blockchain. At this time, there is no need for a central node to do this
macro: distributed equal deployment system, participating nodes cooperate to complete verification and storage
microcosmic: rigorous data structure is packaged and stored in the block, and logically concatenated to form a chain
digital signature and integrity verification ensure the authenticity, real-time and timing of block data
at last, after learning all the technical features, it has achieved the multi fight, informed group and supervision right, because it is transparent, shared and open. All parties of the alliance should participate in the operation of the blockchain system, which is equivalent to a co construction, sharing, sharing and co governance. When constructing the alliance, I have to think of one thing: what I store to the blockchain, which are transparent and which are encrypted. At this time, I need to determine according to your business system. If someone deliberately cheats, he or she will probably find that your data may be tampered or forged with the participation of the public or even the collective alliance, so he or she will consider the cost of doing evil. In this way, the trust cost of the alliance will be greatly reced, and there will be no friction. Outside the alliance, because you believe that you have adopted the blockchain technology, you will have a higher degree of trust in the services or procts provided by the whole alliance, so this is a very good way of virtuous circle
what should you do to build a blockchain system or to bridge business to a blockchain system? There are two steps, very simple. The first step is to construct several key roles in your business logic. Now consider how many roles there may be. There may be many roles, but now consider them as one. These perspectives must be related in business logic. They need to share and map these rules to the blockchain or put them into scripts at the same time. Next, we will talk about data, which data will be put into the blockchain and which will not be put, because the efficiency of the blockchain is security, which is generally simple and key, and only what needs to be built together is considered. On the other hand, even if some data are put into the blockchain, not all things need to be supervised, but may be closed door, and can only be seen after authorization, One is privacy, the other is regulatory compliance
after the first step, the second step is simpler. You need a convenient and reliable blockchain platform. It is an underlying infrastructure, including books, networks, supply and demand algorithms, and accounts. All these things have to exist. After general checking, you can check and send these four blocks according to your business needs. There is a protocol below. The above layer is mapping. This mapping layer is very important. It abstracts your business into many models and logics, and abstracts them into an easy-to-use system. Then you can develop your business logic on the application system, and then develop the business logic based on the blockchain. This is a fast process. In fact, a good blockchain business platform should have its own application tools, as well as monitoring, viewing and auxiliary tools, just like the early days of the database. At the beginning of the database, if it was just data without auxiliary tools, it would be very difficult to run
next, let's share a small case, which is the case of blockchain business points that we just released. There are a lot of views that we have already discussed. We must use points to make it universal, so that consumers can get profits and businesses can rece the burden. Moreover, we can let points flow and guide real secondary consumption. This is of great significance. We have to consider more when we choose commercial competition. Commercial competition itself has a certain financial or monetary attribute. It is a purely low-risk number, because it has the lowest regulatory risk to the extent of compliance and legality. Second, points can quickly accumulate digital assets, accumulate C-end users, test your blockchain platform to a certain extent, and even test your blockchain technology to verify whether your blockchain platform is right. Finally, derived with financial related attributes, for the expansion of financial means behind all laid a good foundation
according to the path of building a blockchain system that we have just seen, the first step is to make decisions. In the blockchain system, it plays two roles: merchant and consumer. Merchants are also divided into two levels, the points they send, the points they receive, and the points they receive are also divided into two levels, the points they transfer out and the points they receive. Rules are non discrimination rules; Data, integral, some data are very interesting. I can write all the people on it, and I can write the effective information on it. There are some consumer behaviors, such as what to buy, coffee or bread. These data are written on it. I will use a simple example to guide you
the second step is to find a platform for blockchain. In our Bubi blockchain, what do we get? We really got a positive feedback. We think it's a very good feedback. First, digital integral represents a variety of data assets, which can be supported on the blockchain. Second, it may have many users, whether real users or laboratory simulation users. It's no problem to support millions of transactions and storage. Third, it really builds a good foundation for us, which lays a good foundation for the exploration in the financial field.
blockchain is a distributed system, which is constructed by cryptography. Indeed, blockchain is a technical collection of concepts formed by distributed system and cryptography. We should emphasize that it is not only a concept but also a technical system, At the very beginning, blockchain only represented the account structure of the underlying technology of bitcoin. It was a narrow concept. At the beginning, because the development of this technology should be represented by a special term to distinguish it from bitcoin, this word was used to refer to it, and it became a bigger and richer concept and a complete system
when we think back to cloud computing, cloud computing existed before the word cloud computing was put forward. However, once cloud computing was put forward, it developed rapidly along the concept of cloud computing. I think blockchain also has such characteristics, and it will continue to develop. Once it becomes a complete sub Technology system, all the technologies in the sub fields under blockchain will continue to develop, The algorithms in the sub domain will develop in the direction of qualitative change in the way of adding tests. Blockchain is a kind of distributed line or network trust technology. When I studied blockchain technology, there was no blockchain word. We called it distributed computing. On the technical level, end-to-end. From a macro point of view, the blockchain is composed of multiple nodes participated by Dongfang. It is equal. The cooperation of these nodes needs to complete the mutual verification on the blockchain. At this time, there is no need for a central node to do this
macro: distributed equal deployment system, participating nodes cooperate to complete verification and storage
microcosmic: rigorous data structure is packaged and stored in the block, and logically concatenated to form a chain
digital signature and integrity verification ensure the authenticity, real-time and timing of block data
at last, after learning all the technical features, it has achieved the multi fight, informed group and supervision right, because it is transparent, shared and open. All parties of the alliance should participate in the operation of the blockchain system, which is equivalent to a co construction, sharing, sharing and co governance. When constructing the alliance, I have to think of one thing: what I store to the blockchain, which are transparent and which are encrypted. At this time, I need to determine according to your business system. If someone deliberately cheats, he or she will probably find that your data may be tampered or forged with the participation of the public or even the collective alliance, so he or she will consider the cost of doing evil. In this way, the trust cost of the alliance will be greatly reced, and there will be no friction. Outside the alliance, because you believe that you have adopted the blockchain technology, you will have a higher degree of trust in the services or procts provided by the whole alliance, so this is a very good way of virtuous circle
what should you do to build a blockchain system or to bridge business to a blockchain system? There are two steps, very simple. The first step is to construct several key roles in your business logic. Now consider how many roles there may be. There may be many roles, but now consider them as one. These perspectives must be related in business logic. They need to share and map these rules to the blockchain or put them into scripts at the same time. Next, we will talk about data, which data will be put into the blockchain and which will not be put, because the efficiency of the blockchain is security, which is generally simple and key, and only what needs to be built together is considered. On the other hand, even if some data are put into the blockchain, not all things need to be supervised, but may be closed door, and can only be seen after authorization, One is privacy, the other is regulatory compliance
after the first step, the second step is simpler. You need a convenient and reliable blockchain platform. It is an underlying infrastructure, including books, networks, supply and demand algorithms, and accounts. All these things have to exist. After general checking, you can check and send these four blocks according to your business needs. There is a protocol below. The above layer is mapping. This mapping layer is very important. It abstracts your business into many models and logics, and abstracts them into an easy-to-use system. Then you can develop your business logic on the application system, and then develop the business logic based on the blockchain. This is a fast process. In fact, a good blockchain business platform should have its own application tools, as well as monitoring, viewing and auxiliary tools, just like the early days of the database. At the beginning of the database, if it was just data without auxiliary tools, it would be very difficult to run
next, let's share a small case, which is the case of blockchain business points that we just released. There are a lot of views that we have already discussed. We must use points to make it universal, so that consumers can get profits and businesses can rece the burden. Moreover, we can let points flow and guide real secondary consumption. This is of great significance. We have to consider more when we choose commercial competition. Commercial competition itself has a certain financial or monetary attribute. It is a purely low-risk number, because it has the lowest regulatory risk to the extent of compliance and legality. Second, points can quickly accumulate digital assets, accumulate C-end users, test your blockchain platform to a certain extent, and even test your blockchain technology to verify whether your blockchain platform is right. Finally, derived with financial related attributes, for the expansion of financial means behind all laid a good foundation
according to the path of building a blockchain system that we have just seen, the first step is to make decisions. In the blockchain system, it plays two roles: merchant and consumer. Merchants are also divided into two levels, the points they send, the points they receive, and the points they receive are also divided into two levels, the points they transfer out and the points they receive. Rules are non discrimination rules; Data, integral, some data are very interesting. I can write all the people on it, and I can write the effective information on it. There are some consumer behaviors, such as what to buy, coffee or bread. These data are written on it. I will use a simple example to guide you
the second step is to find a platform for blockchain. In our Bubi blockchain, what do we get? We really got a positive feedback. We think it's a very good feedback. First, digital integral represents a variety of data assets, which can be supported on the blockchain. Second, it may have many users, whether real users or laboratory simulation users. It's no problem to support millions of transactions and storage. Third, it really builds a good foundation for us, which lays a good foundation for the exploration in the financial field.
2.
Public chain, also known as "public chain", refers to the blockchain that anyone in the world can enter the system at any time to read data, send confirmatory transactions and compete for bookkeeping. The public chain is generally considered to be "completely decentralized", because no indivial or institution can control or tamper with the reading and writing of data in it. In terms of application, blockchain public chain mainly includes bitcoin, Ethereum, super ledger, most counterfeit currencies and smart contracts. The ancestor of blockchain public chain is bitcoin blockchain, which has the following characteristics:
1, open source code
upload the code to GitHub, and everyone can get complete blockchain data by downloading, Accept the test of the public
2, complete decentralization
anyone can become a node, each node is open, everyone can participate in the calculation of the blockchain, any node is not permanent, but phased, and any center is not mandatory for nodes. Anyone can read and send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed on the blockchain. Anyone can participate in the consensus process. The consensus process determines whether a block can be added to the blockchain and the exact current state. Everyone can get financial reward from it, which is proportional to their contribution to the consensus process. These public chains are generally considered to be "completely decentralized"
3. Developing decentralized applications
through this public chain, developers can easily develop centralized applications. Public chain can protect the rights and interests of users from the influence of program developers
3. 1. What is blockchain? In a word
A: blockchain is an encrypted database chain, that is, the transaction data in multiple timestamps / events are encrypted and linked together, and the data can not be tampered with or shared
2. Performance and logic:
A. external operation forms: bank deposit and withdrawal, remittance, account in and out, shopping, currency issuance, capital transaction, etc
B. internal logic processing (software program): after human operation, the data will be encrypted first and then stored in the database. After the program, the data will be divided into regions, such as the data in the event and time stamp will be classified and put together into a region. Multiple events and data in timestamps are associated to form a blockchain. The encrypted data can be shared, but not tampered with
C. forms of sharing: querying personal information, auditing, etc. Query permission / sharing permission: different permissions can query different data. For example, the bank can query the information of all people, and the indivial can only query the indivial
3. Most of the examples are different, but the logic processing ideas are the same, but the implementation methods and operations are different
4. Blockchain: it has the characteristics of encrypted data, tamperable data and shared data
5. Blockchain Technology: the technology of encrypting, partitioning and sharing data with editing programs
there are suggestions for guidance
application fields: finance, it, commodity sales, online shopping, etc.
A: blockchain is an encrypted database chain, that is, the transaction data in multiple timestamps / events are encrypted and linked together, and the data can not be tampered with or shared
2. Performance and logic:
A. external operation forms: bank deposit and withdrawal, remittance, account in and out, shopping, currency issuance, capital transaction, etc
B. internal logic processing (software program): after human operation, the data will be encrypted first and then stored in the database. After the program, the data will be divided into regions, such as the data in the event and time stamp will be classified and put together into a region. Multiple events and data in timestamps are associated to form a blockchain. The encrypted data can be shared, but not tampered with
C. forms of sharing: querying personal information, auditing, etc. Query permission / sharing permission: different permissions can query different data. For example, the bank can query the information of all people, and the indivial can only query the indivial
3. Most of the examples are different, but the logic processing ideas are the same, but the implementation methods and operations are different
4. Blockchain: it has the characteristics of encrypted data, tamperable data and shared data
5. Blockchain Technology: the technology of encrypting, partitioning and sharing data with editing programs
there are suggestions for guidance
application fields: finance, it, commodity sales, online shopping, etc.
4. In view of the security characteristics and shortcomings of the existing blockchain technology, we need to build a security system around the physical, data, application system, encryption, risk control and other aspects to improve the security performance of the blockchain system as a whole
1. Physical security
the network and host running the blockchain system should be in a protected environment. According to the regulatory requirements of specific business, the protection measures can be used to protect the physical network and host by means of VPN, firewall, physical isolation, etc
2. Data security
in principle, the data exchange between nodes of the blockchain should not be transmitted in clear text. For example, asymmetric encryption can be used to negotiate key, and symmetric encryption algorithm can be used to encrypt and decrypt data. The data provider should also strictly evaluate the sensitivity and security level of the data, decide whether to send the data to the blockchain, whether to desensitize the data, and adopt strict access control measures
3. Application system security
application system security needs to start from the aspects of identity authentication, authority system, transaction rules, anti fraud strategy, etc.
relevant personnel, transaction nodes and transaction data involved in application operation should be controlled in advance and auditable afterwards. Taking financial blockchain as an example, consensus algorithm with stronger fault tolerance, anti fraud and higher performance can be adopted to avoid joint fraud of some nodes
4. Key security
to encrypt the communication data between the blockchain nodes and the key to encrypt the data stored on the blockchain nodes, the plaintext should not exist on the same node, and the private key should be properly saved by the encryption machine. When the key is lost or leaked, the system can identify the relevant records of the original key, such as account control, communication encryption, data storage encryption, etc., and implement response measures to make the original key invalid. The key should also be managed strictly in the life cycle, and should not be permanently valid. It needs to be replaced after reaching a certain time cycle
5. Risk control mechanism
there should be careful detection measures for the network layer, host operation, data access of application system, transaction frequency and other dimensions of the system. For any suspicious operation, alarm, record and verification should be carried out. If illegal operation is found, loss assessment should be carried out, remedial measures should be taken at the technical and business levels, and security measures should be strengthened, And trace the source of illegal operation to prevent further attacks
Article source: white paper on blockchain technology and application development in China
1. Physical security
the network and host running the blockchain system should be in a protected environment. According to the regulatory requirements of specific business, the protection measures can be used to protect the physical network and host by means of VPN, firewall, physical isolation, etc
2. Data security
in principle, the data exchange between nodes of the blockchain should not be transmitted in clear text. For example, asymmetric encryption can be used to negotiate key, and symmetric encryption algorithm can be used to encrypt and decrypt data. The data provider should also strictly evaluate the sensitivity and security level of the data, decide whether to send the data to the blockchain, whether to desensitize the data, and adopt strict access control measures
3. Application system security
application system security needs to start from the aspects of identity authentication, authority system, transaction rules, anti fraud strategy, etc.
relevant personnel, transaction nodes and transaction data involved in application operation should be controlled in advance and auditable afterwards. Taking financial blockchain as an example, consensus algorithm with stronger fault tolerance, anti fraud and higher performance can be adopted to avoid joint fraud of some nodes
4. Key security
to encrypt the communication data between the blockchain nodes and the key to encrypt the data stored on the blockchain nodes, the plaintext should not exist on the same node, and the private key should be properly saved by the encryption machine. When the key is lost or leaked, the system can identify the relevant records of the original key, such as account control, communication encryption, data storage encryption, etc., and implement response measures to make the original key invalid. The key should also be managed strictly in the life cycle, and should not be permanently valid. It needs to be replaced after reaching a certain time cycle
5. Risk control mechanism
there should be careful detection measures for the network layer, host operation, data access of application system, transaction frequency and other dimensions of the system. For any suspicious operation, alarm, record and verification should be carried out. If illegal operation is found, loss assessment should be carried out, remedial measures should be taken at the technical and business levels, and security measures should be strengthened, And trace the source of illegal operation to prevent further attacks
Article source: white paper on blockchain technology and application development in China
5. The development of blockchain financial trading platform includes:
cross border payment, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bill, asset securitization, bank credit reference and other fields
① cross border payment. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation of blockchain, openness, transparency and non tampering of transactions, no third-party payment institutions join in, which shortens the payment cycle, reces costs and increases the transparency of transactions< (2) digital bill. Blockchain has the characteristics of disintermediation, system stability, consensus mechanism and tamper proof, which can rece the operational risk, market risk and moral risk in the traditional centralized system< (3) credit management. In the field of credit investigation, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, timestamp, asymmetric encryption and smart contract, which ensures that limited and controllable credit data sharing and verification can be realized on the basis of effective protection of data privacy< (4) asset securitization. The characteristics of blockchain disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering can increase the efficiency of data flow, rece costs, monitor the real situation of assets in real time, and ensure the trust of all parties in the transaction chain on the underlying assets< (5) supply chain finance. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering of blockchain, it does not need a third-party credit enhancement agency to verify the authenticity of various relevant vouchers on the supply chain, so as to rece the financing cost and financing cycle< (6) insurance business. With the development of blockchain technology, personal health status, accident records and other information may be uploaded to the blockchain in the future, so that insurance companies can obtain risk information more timely and accurately when customers take out insurance, so as to rece underwriting costs and improve efficiency. The sharing transparency of blockchain reces the information asymmetry and the risk of adverse selection; The characteristics of its history can be traced, which is concive to recing the moral hazard, thus recing the difficulty and cost of insurance management.
cross border payment, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bill, asset securitization, bank credit reference and other fields
① cross border payment. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation of blockchain, openness, transparency and non tampering of transactions, no third-party payment institutions join in, which shortens the payment cycle, reces costs and increases the transparency of transactions< (2) digital bill. Blockchain has the characteristics of disintermediation, system stability, consensus mechanism and tamper proof, which can rece the operational risk, market risk and moral risk in the traditional centralized system< (3) credit management. In the field of credit investigation, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, timestamp, asymmetric encryption and smart contract, which ensures that limited and controllable credit data sharing and verification can be realized on the basis of effective protection of data privacy< (4) asset securitization. The characteristics of blockchain disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering can increase the efficiency of data flow, rece costs, monitor the real situation of assets in real time, and ensure the trust of all parties in the transaction chain on the underlying assets< (5) supply chain finance. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering of blockchain, it does not need a third-party credit enhancement agency to verify the authenticity of various relevant vouchers on the supply chain, so as to rece the financing cost and financing cycle< (6) insurance business. With the development of blockchain technology, personal health status, accident records and other information may be uploaded to the blockchain in the future, so that insurance companies can obtain risk information more timely and accurately when customers take out insurance, so as to rece underwriting costs and improve efficiency. The sharing transparency of blockchain reces the information asymmetry and the risk of adverse selection; The characteristics of its history can be traced, which is concive to recing the moral hazard, thus recing the difficulty and cost of insurance management.
6. Crude oil and bulk agricultural procts are the common trading forms of bulk commodities at present, and Zhong'an is striding forward to the international market.
7. A lot! Finance, project application and human resource management are all resources that can be shared. Please pay attention to "SMIC blockchain service platform" for details
8. Chongqing jinwowo analyzes and studies the role of blockchain technology in the transaction as follows:
simplify the process and improve efficiency
because blockchain technology is a public ledger established by sharing consensus among participants, forming a consensus on the network state, the information in the blockchain is naturally recognized, unique and traceable by the participants It can not be tampered with information source, so a lot of repeated verification and operation process in the transaction process can be simplified or even eliminated
simplify the process and improve efficiency
because blockchain technology is a public ledger established by sharing consensus among participants, forming a consensus on the network state, the information in the blockchain is naturally recognized, unique and traceable by the participants It can not be tampered with information source, so a lot of repeated verification and operation process in the transaction process can be simplified or even eliminated
Hot content