Blockchain in the post epidemic era is promising

3.

Three questions blockchain (economic hot spot)

recently, news about bitcoin is very eye-catching, and blockchain is on fire. In the capital market, the rise and fall of various blockchain concept stocks is like a roller coaster. It can be seen from the sensitive capital market that the blockchain is on the way and is highly concerned by all parties

"blockchain technology is essentially a kind of database technology, specifically a kind of ledger technology. The account book records the asset changes and transactions of one or more accounts. In fact, it is a kind of database with the simplest structure. The daily accounts we usually record in the small account book and the statements sent by the bank are typical account books. " Wang Jun, chief researcher of Tencent Financial technology think tank, said that security is a major feature of blockchain technology, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the distributed storage architecture. The more nodes there are, the higher the security of data storage is; The other is the ingenious design of tamper proof and decentralization, which makes it difficult for anyone to modify data without following the rules

take the online shopping transaction as an example, the traditional mode is that the buyer purchases the goods, and then sends the money to the intermediary platform of the third-party payment institution. After the seller delivers the goods and the buyer confirms the receipt, the buyer informs the payment institution to send the money to the seller's account. The transaction mode supported by blockchain technology is different. Buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary platform. After the transaction between the buyer and the seller, the system publishes the transaction information in the form of broadcast, and all hosts receiving the information record the transaction after confirming that the information is correct, which means that all hosts have done data backup for the transaction. Even if a machine has problems in the future, it will not affect the data recording, because there are countless machines as backup

when it comes to blockchain, many people associate it with bitcoin, and many even equate blockchain with bitcoin. He Fei said that bitcoin is a way of presenting blockchain, but blockchain is not the same as bitcoin. Blockchain is the underlying technology and infrastructure of bitcoin, and bitcoin is a successful application of blockchain, but it does not mean that blockchain can only be applied to bitcoin

What is the use of

blockchain

can solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields such as finance, public welfare, supervision, anti-counterfeiting, but there are many applicable conditions

financial service is the first application field of blockchain technology. The application of blockchain technology can solve the pain points in payment, asset management, securities and other fields

taking the payment field as an example, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement among financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, is high, involving many manual processes, which not only leads to high costs for users and financial institutions' back-end business, but also makes it difficult to develop micro payment business. The application of blockchain technology helps to rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing efficiency of payment business. In addition, the cost and efficiency advantages brought by blockchain technology in the field of payment enable financial institutions to better handle the small cross-border payment which was considered unrealistic e to high cost in the past, and contribute to the realization of Inclusive Finance

for example, in order to solve the problem of high reconciliation cost among financial institutions, in August 2016, Weizhong bank and Shanghai Huarui Bank launched the inter agency reconciliation platform of micro loan, which is also the first application scenario of banking alliance chain running in the proction environment in China. Zhang Kaixiang, chief architect of Weizhong bank's blockchain, believes that the high cost problem that the traditional "batch file reconciliation" model has failed to solve for a long time is exactly where blockchain technology can be used. Subsequently, Bank of Luoyang and Bank of Changsha have also been connected to the inter agency reconciliation platform. Through the blockchain technology, the inter agency reconciliation process in the micro loan business has been optimized, achieving the goals of quasi real-time reconciliation, improving operation efficiency and recing operation cost. Up to now, the platform has been running stably for more than one year, with zero failure, and the number of real transactions recorded has reached tens of millions

in the field of public welfare, blockchain technology is also promising. The first application scenario of ant financial services involving blockchain is public welfare, which helps a group of hearing-impaired children get a donation, and then uses blockchain technology to promote public welfare to be more open and transparent. Hu Danqing, senior proct expert of ant financial services technology laboratory, said: "the blockchain public welfare platform is like a post office dedicated to mailing funds on the Internet. Every sum of money donated by users will be packaged into a package, which will be delivered through the blockchain platform. Every node we pass through will be stamped with a postmark and finally delivered to the recipient. This can ensure that every sum of money donated by users is transparent, traceable and difficult to tamper with. "

blockchain technology can be used to crack down on counterfeit goods. Hu Danqing introced that ant financial services has applied blockchain technology to the traceability of authentic procts. At present, some seafood procts from Australia and New Zealand, such as milk powder, are swept away with Alipay, so they can know if they are genuine procts. Different from previous businesses' self input of commodity information, blockchain allows multiple "bookkeepers" to complete bookkeeping fairly, independently and non repudiately. "

for financial supervision, blockchain technology can also play a role. According to the white paper of FISCO bcos, the underlying platform of financial blockchain, issued by the financial blockchain cooperation alliance (Shenzhen) in 2017, blockchain provides consistent and easy to audit data for financial regulators. Through the data analysis of inter agency blockchain, it can supervise financial business faster and more accurately than the traditional audit process. For example, in the anti money laundering scenario, the balance and transaction records of each account are traceable, and any link of any transaction will not be separated from the regulatory line of sight, which will greatly improve the anti money laundering efforts

some people in the instry believe that blockchain 1.0 is mainly aimed at digital currency; Blockchain 2.0 aims at smart contracts and can be applied in financial markets; Blockchain 3.0 will apply to more scenarios, and even create a "blockchain era"

He Fei believes that blockchain can indeed solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields, but blockchain is not omnipotent and has many applicable conditions

for example, the decentralization of blockchain technology is suitable for multi-party participation scenarios, and if it is only unilateral or bilateral participation, the value is not great. Due to the need for each node to check, blockchain technology is not suitable for those high-frequency trading activities

for another example, blockchain emphasizes openness and transparency, which is not suitable for scenarios with high data privacy requirements

will blockchain become a new outlet

technology is not yet mature enough. We must be alert to the concept of speculation. In particular, we should distinguish between technological innovation or fund-raising innovation. We can not block the chain chain concept of

block chain so that we will not become a "Internet plus". p>

in recent years, the development ecology of blockchain has been graally improved and enriched. Instry insiders believe that with national policy support, extensive attention and financial support, blockchain technology can achieve graal and stable progress. Although the prospect of blockchain technology is broad, we should also keep an ordinary mind

"despite the current blockchain craze, we still believe that it is still in a very early stage." Hu Danqing said that at present, there is a virtual heat in the concept of blockchain. Instead of using technology to solve practical problems, it is hot to raise money and speculate on valuation. In particular, most of the so-called ICO (initial token issuance) that are hot are innovation of fund-raising tools, which has nothing to do with technological innovation

blockchain technology can indeed create great value, but some risks can not be ignored

"blockchain technology is not very mature, and its application scenarios are relatively limited, so we should be more alert to the concept of capital market speculation." He Fei said that behind the blockchain boom, there will inevitably be some companies that want to speculate. They do not really carry out business, but just try to make a profit in the capital market. They should be careful to prevent the emergence of "bad money drives out good money", which will lead to the withdrawal of institutions that really want to carry out business from the market and affect the application of blockchain technology

Hu Danqing suggested that for the current blockchain craze, regulatory authorities should be more active in intervening, distinguish between technological innovation and fund-raising innovation, encourage government organizations, credible experts and instry participants to help the public identify, comprehensively curb fund-raising innovation in the name of blockchain, and let the actual controller of ICO bear responsibility for fund-raising behavior“ The basis for judging whether it is technological innovation or fund-raising innovation is actually very clear, that is, whether it starts with trust and whether it creates practical value by solving the trust problem. "

in order to better promote and use blockchain technology in the future, we need to continue to improve the infrastructure and strengthen the formulation of relevant laws and policies

Wang Jun believes that there is still room for optimization and improvement of core technologies of blockchain such as consensus algorithm; On the other hand, the processing efficiency of blockchain is difficult to meet the requirements of some high-frequency application environments in reality. At present, the mainstream blockchain technology platforms are originated in foreign countries. Domestic blockchain technology service providers should patiently start from the bottom development, achieve independent and controllable technology, and strive to lead the development of global blockchain technology. Enterprises with blockchain application scenarios should actively embrace new things and scientifically evaluate the demand for blockchain, instead of blockchain for the sake of blockchain

He Fei believes that the government can issue relevant policies to guide the enterprises who are interested in the R & D and application of blockchain technology, and at the same time, clarify some suitable application scenarios of blockchain and areas encouraged by the state

the white paper 2016 on the development of China's blockchain technology and application suggests that government departments at all levels should learn from the advanced practices of developed countries and regions and, in combination with the development of China's blockchain technology and application, timely issue support policies for blockchain technology and instrial development, focusing on supporting key technology tackling, major demonstration projects, the construction of "innovation and entrepreneurship" platform, and the development of China's blockchain technology and application System solution development and public service platform construction. At the same time, it is suggested that domestic key enterprises, scientific research institutions, universities and user units should strengthen cooperation to speed up the research of core key technologies such as consensus mechanism, programmable contract, distributed storage and digital signature

can bring money to the enterprise will become the outlet

4. At present, blockchain technology is mainly applied in smart contract, identity authentication and asset transaction

in addition to solving the security problem, blockchain technology can also change the following areas:

1. In the future, music right distribution is likely to enter the stage of blockchain, removing the intermediate link, so that musicians can get more direct income. In the past, record companies or the Internet were required to increase user stickiness. There were a lot of fees in the middle of promotion or song playing, but not many were really given to the authors, because the original right was still in the hands of several major record companies

2. Writing right is the same. For example, you may have to find a publisher before. This right can't be sold many times, and the money given to the author is also very small. With blockchain technology, all users need to pay the right fee to the author, not limited to a single publisher. Previously, Mr. Li Xiaolai did the press one project, which is mainly aimed at right distribution

3. The Internet of things and blockchain technology will combine to proce the blockchain Internet of things (Biot). Blockchain Internet of things can greatly rece the risk of hacker attacks. With the help of blockchain Internet of things, it may be as convenient as mobile phones to obtain warehouse sensor data

Kevin Kelly's book out of control has become the wind vane of the development of the Internet. In his later book necessity, he also mentioned that "technology has a preference in nature, which makes it move in a certain direction. On the premise that other conditions are the same, the physical and mathematical principles that determine the development of science and technology will favor certain specific behaviors

the development of blockchain technology is an "inevitable" trend, and bitcoin and some valuable digital currencies are only proced because of one of the needs. Today's blockchain is like the Internet in 1994. The development of the times will screen out the best technology and procts. It's just a matter of time

now there are too many "pseudo blockchain" projects focusing on blockchain, because too many people blindly invest in them without understanding. I want to make a fortune in this market. Those people are aiming at leeks that enter the coin circle without learning anything. They casually make small packages on the open public chain, issue a coin, hold a roadshow and want to circle a group of people to come in. They want to run after they circle money. In fact, they have no actual technical content and can't solve any practical problems.

5. Existence is reasonable. Any instry can make money. In recent years, blockchain has been very popular, and there is still a lot to be done. Now I use ewacould mining machine, which is quite good

6. In fact, it is also the application of credit Internet, the promotion of distributed network, the transformation of the existing Internet. Now the Internet is an information network, and the blockchain is a chain data structure, so it is difficult to change and eliminate the records on the chain.. It solves the problem of deception and confusion on the Internet

7.

The sudden epidemic situation has pressed the "pause" button for many instries, but science and technology is the most effective means to fight against disasters. Blockchain technology has realized the combination with finance, logistics, supply chain, government affairs, public welfare, urban management and other application fields. At the same time, e to the imperfect development of technology, the role of blockchain in the prevention and control of the epidemic is very limited, so we need to explore deeper scenario applications

from the survey data, the main application directions of instrial blockchain in the post epidemic period include: traceability, financial (including insurance) supervision, collaborative sharing. Deposit certificate, digitization, credit investigation, digital asset transaction, etc

in the main application direction of instrial blockchain in the post epidemic period, more than 70% of enterprises choose traceability and financial (including insurance) supervision, in addition to collaborative sharing and certificate deposit. Digital also has more than 60% of the enterprise choice, compared with the low choice rate of credit reference and digital asset transaction, in which the choice rate of digital asset transaction is less than 50%, only 48%

to avoid risks and promote the healthy development of instrial blockchain

as an emerging technology development direction and instrial development field, blockchain has been widely concerned. The application of instrial blockchain is accelerating, which is mainly reflected in two aspects:

first, in the past, open source systems were represented in technology, and most of them were open source projects oriented to consumers, but now many projects oriented to instry and enterprise characteristics have been added; At the same time, more and more enterprises such as Internet giants and high-tech enterprises begin to enter this field, indicating that the era of instrial blockchain has come

secondly, the emergence of blockchain reces the threshold of trust and the cost of realization, enabling some financial and trade scenarios that could not be realized before to be realized. In this way, some new financial forms can be derived, providing more space for financial innovation

although the application of instrial blockchain is speeding up, it is still in an early stage of development. This is mainly reflected in the fact that blockchain technology alone can not fully solve the trust problems and information island problems between entities, and the emergence of blockchain technology also puts forward new problems for the current law and regulation

because of its decentralized and difficult to tamper with characteristics, blockchain has become a comprehensive subject driven by technology and deeply affecting economy, finance, society, organizational form and governance. In addition, blockchain technology is not yet fully mature in system stability, application security, business model and other aspects, which puts forward requirements for privacy protection and storage capacity of data on the chain

it should be noted that the current blockchain instry has been involved in many technical fields such as it, communication, security, cryptography and so on. What it needs is a kind of compound talents, which poses new challenges to personnel training and school ecation

the short-term impact of blockchain should be treated calmly to avoid overestimation. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen laws and regulations and supervision to avoid the possible risks of blockchain technology, so as to promote the healthy development of instrial blockchain

- for more data sources and analysis, please refer to the analysis report on China's blockchain instry market outlook and investment strategic planning of foresight Instry Research Institute

8.

For a long time, countries all over the world have established a global supply chain based on the principles of comparative advantage, fine division of labor and minimum cost to realize the optimal allocation of resources. This system is the optimal solution under the current conditions in terms of proction efficiency

However, the emergence of new crown, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and the unpredictable international situation have brought great impact on the global supply chain. From the soaring price of switch to the interruption of supply of core components of manufacturing enterprises, behind the seemingly unrelated news is the great change of control power of global supply chain

to understand this war closely related to you and me, the global supply chain revolution in the post epidemic era -- the road to intelligent and resilient transformation, published by the Institute of global value chain research, University of international business and economics, is a rare heavy learning material

this paper outlines the eight key points in this report, hoping that you can better clarify the development process, current situation and future trend of global supply chain

China's position in the global supply chain

the global supply chain is graally developed with the global division of labor, which is the result of the global optimal allocation of resources by multinational manufacturing enterprises. From the perspective of development process, the global supply chain took Europe and America as the manufacturing center in the early stage, and graally developed into a global supply chain system with Europe, America and Japan as the first echelon and four Asian dragons as the second echelon after World War II

with its efficient, agile and intelligent global supply chain, Lenovo can flexibly use the resource advantages of different countries and regions in the world to meet market demand, dynamically coordinate the advantageous resources in proction, sales and service, and realize "global resources, local delivery and excellent operation"

What measures should we take to deal with the crisis

From the perspective of improving global economic governance, optimizing the construction of global supply chain requires: (1) adhering to the development direction of globalization; (2) maintaining the core position of WTO in the global trade governance system; (3) adhering to the multilateral and open global trade governance system and improving global investment governance, To improve the stability of the global supply chain, we need to: (1) adhere to the bottom line thinking, stabilize China's "basic disk" in the global supply chain

(2) strengthen the opening up, and "bring in" with high quality

< P > (3) optimize the enterprise's foreign investment support policy system, Large scale "going out"

(4) providing policy support for the core node projects of supply chain related to China's key strategic material supply

(5) building supply chain risk response system

in the process of participating in international competition, enterprises should adapt to the changes of the times and accelerate the pace of supply chain adjustment:

(1) according to the United States, China, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the Flexible layout of the three global manufacturing centers in Germany (2) increasing the construction of flat and diversified supply chain (3) actively building an intelligent supply chain to rece the risk of supply chain to the international development of enterprises (4) actively adjusting to cope with the "China + X" 46 and "double cycle" pattern, The Research Report "global supply chain revolution in the post epidemic era: the road to intelligent and resilient transformation" also systematically combs the development process and new trends of global supply chain, the impact of new instry 4.0 formats on global supply chain, the impact of external shocks on global supply chain security, the development direction of global supply chain in the post epidemic era, the impact of instry 4.0 new formats on global supply chain, and the impact of external shocks on global supply chain security Outstanding enterprise cases of global supply chain construction and Countermeasures to optimize global supply chain construction are hot topics

9. The two have a certain degree of fit. For example, Beijing and Shenzhen are not only at the forefront of the country in the development of blockchain, but also ahead of other cities in the field of residents' mutual assistance. Blockchain enabled mutual aid security procts are promising. Easy chip EAS mutual aid security platform is designed based on blockchain. In the context of epidemic situation, we believe that this proct can contribute to the improvement of residents' mutual aid security and the application of blockchain. Mutual aid security is a kind of collective medical expenses raised by members for the recipients based on the contract after the event. The strength of mutual aid security in a city can reflect the economic development level of a city. The mutual aid plan launched by Ali and the domestic free serious illness fund-raising platform shuidi chip are typical network mutual aid plans based on the traditional Internet structure. With the development of blockchain technology, blockchain mutual support procts will be the direction of future development.