Blockchain organization

1.

At the tokensky blockchain Conference on March 14-15, Zheng Xiaojun, director general of wbo, mentioned that the wbo licensing authority will issue three types of licenses: digital asset operation license (for ordinary digital asset companies), digital asset trading license (for digital currency exchanges, etc.) and ICO license (for ICO only projects, companies, etc.)

it is understood that the world blockchain organization is a non-governmental organization registered by the United Nations Economic and social affairs agency. Its purpose is to become a major international intergovernmental organization in the blockchain instry and provide another method and means to solve the financial problems between countries and regions by promoting the cooperation of the blockchain world

at present, wbo has more than 400 members and institutions, including nine offices including the licensing authority, to operate blockchain policy research, legislative promotion, standard formulation, evaluation and certification, conferences and exhibitions, training and ecation and other activities

the wbo with endorsement from international organizations will issue licenses related to digital cryptocurrency and blockchain, which may provide clearer guidance on supervision and practice at the national level, and bridge the cooperation between countries

as a financial technology leader, the United States discussed cryptocurrency, ICO and whether the existing regulatory framework is sufficient to protect investors at the recent congressional cryptocurrency regulatory hearing. Many of them agreed that the regulatory authorities should clarify the legal status of encrypted assets, and ensure that the relevant processes comply with the law while helping entrepreneurs to innovate

No matter what the result is, the measures taken by these important organizations and governments show that they will not sit back and watch the currency circle and chain circle go disorderly

it is worth noting that on March 11, the blockchain instry alliance of China Hi Tech Instrialization Research Association also announced that it has officially joined the ranks of wbo sponsors, and Zhu Tao, chairman of the alliance, is also the deputy director general of the world blockchain organization. With the issuance of internationally recognized licenses, will China's policies be relaxed

2.

The strict definition of blockchain refers to the distributed database technology that multiple nodes in peer-to-peer network jointly maintain a continuously growing list ledger constructed by time stamp and orderly record data blocks through consensus mechanism based on cryptography technology. This technical solution allows any number of nodes in the participating system to calculate and record all the information exchange data in the system in a period of time to a data block through cryptography algorithm, and generate the fingerprint of the data block for linking the next data block and checking. All participating nodes in the system jointly determine whether the record is true

blockchain is a technical solution similar to NoSQL (non relational database). It is not a specific technology, and can be implemented through many programming languages and architectures. There are many ways to realize blockchain, including pow (proof of work), POS (proof of stake), dpos (delegate proof of stake), etc

the concept of blockchain was first proposed in the paper "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system" by indivials (or groups) who call themselves Satoshi Nakamoto. Therefore, bitcoin can be regarded as the first application of blockchain in the field of financial payment

< H2 > [popular explanation]

no matter how big the system or how small the website is, there is a database behind it. So who will maintain this database? In general, who is responsible for the operation of the network or system, then who is responsible for the maintenance. If it is wechat database, it must be maintained by Tencent team, and Taobao database is maintained by Alibaba team. We must think that this way is natural, but blockchain technology is not

if we think of the database as a book, for example, Alipay is a typical account book. Any change of data is bookkeeping. We can think of database maintenance as a very simple way of accounting. In the world of blockchain, everyone in the blockchain system has the opportunity to participate in bookkeeping. The system will select the fastest and best bookkeeper in a period of time, maybe within ten seconds or ten minutes. The bookkeeper will record the changes of the database and the account book in a block. We can think of this block as a page. After the system confirms that the records are correct, the system will record the changes of the database and the account book in a block, It will link the fingerprint of the past account book to this paper, and then send this paper to everyone else in the whole system. Then, over and over again, the system will look for the next person with fast and good bookkeeping, and everyone else in the system will get a of the whole ledger. This means that everyone as like as two peas in the system is called Blockchain. It is also called distributed account technology. P>

as like as two peas (computer) have identical accounting books, and everyone has the same rights, they will not collapse e to the loss of contact or downtime of a single person. As like as two peas, the data is transparent and everyone can see what changes are in every account. Its very interesting feature is that the data can't be tampered with. Because the system will automatically compare, it will think that the same number of books with the largest number are real books, and a small number of books with different numbers are false books. In this case, it's meaningless for anyone to tamper with his own account book, because unless you can tamper with most nodes in the whole system. If there are only five or ten nodes in the whole system, it may be easy to do so. However, if there are tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of nodes and they are distributed in any corner of the Internet, unless someone can control most computers in the world, it is unlikely to tamper with such a large block chain

< H2 > [elements]

combined with the definition of blockchain, we think that we must have the following four elements to be called public blockchain technology. If we only have the first three elements, we will consider it as private blockchain Technology (private chain)

1, peer-to-peer network (power equivalence, physical point-to-point connection)

2, verifiable data structure (verifiable PKC system, non tampering database)

3, distributed consensus mechanism (Solving Byzantine general problem, solving double payment)

4 Game design of Nash equilibrium (cooperation is the strategy of evolutionary stability)

< H2 > [Characteristics]

combined with the definition of blockchain, blockchain will realize four main characteristics: decentralized, trustless, collective maintenance and reliable database. And the other two will be derived from the four characteristics  Features: open source  Privacy. If a system does not have these characteristics, it can not be regarded as an application based on blockchain technology

Decentralized: there is no centralized hardware or management organization in the whole network. The rights and obligations of any node are equal, and the damage or loss of any node will not affect the operation of the whole system. Therefore, it can also be considered that the blockchain system has excellent robustness

trustworthiness: there is no need to trust each other when participating in the data exchange between each node in the whole system. The operation rules of the whole system are open and transparent, and all data contents are also open. Therefore, within the specified rule range and time range of the system, nodes cannot and cannot cheat other nodes

collective maintenance: the data blocks in the system are maintained by all the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system, and these nodes with maintenance function can be participated by anyone

reliable database: the whole system will enable each participating node to obtain a of the complete database in the form of sub databases. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the whole system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid, and the data content on other nodes cannot be affected. Therefore, the more nodes and computing power in the system, the higher the data security in the system

Open Source: since the operation rules of the whole system must be open and transparent, the whole system must be open source for the program

Privacy Protection: since there is no need to trust each other between nodes, there is no need to disclose the identity between nodes, and the privacy of each participating node in the system is protected

3. Beijing, Fujian, etc. we also have a Changsha blockchain Application Technology Instry Association in Changsha. Recently, the SMIC blockchain launched by Changsha hi tech Zone is also operated by its member units.

4.

Characteristics of blockchain

one of the four characteristics of blockchain: tamper proof

the most easily understood characteristic of blockchain is tamper proof

tamper proof is based on the unique account book of "block + Chain": the blocks with transactions are added to the end of the chain in time order. To modify the data in a block, you need to regenerate all blocks after it
one of the important roles of consensus mechanism is to make it almost impossible to modify a large number of blocks at high cost. Take the blockchain network (such as bitcoin and Ethereum) with workload proof as an example, only with 51% of computing power can all blocks be regenerated to tamper with data. However, the destruction of data is not in line with the self-interest of players with large computing power. This practical design enhances the reliability of data on the blockchain
generally, the transaction data in the blockchain ledger can not be "modified", it can only be "modified" through the new transactions that are approved. The process of correction will leave traces, which is why the blockchain can not be tampered with. Tampering refers to changing or misinterpreting by means of forgery
in today's common files and relational data, unless a special design is adopted, the system itself does not record modification traces. Blockchain ledger adopts a design different from that of files and databases. It draws on the design of ledger in reality, that is, to retain the traces of records. Therefore, we can not "modify" the account book without leaving traces, but can only "modify" the account book (see Figure 2)

Figure 6: bitcoin is centralized in the organization and logically centralized

when we imagine the future organization, the ideal prototype in our mind is often bitcoin organization: completely decentralized autonomous organization. But in practice, for the sake of efficiency and advancement, we will move closer to the centralized organization and finally find a suitable balance point

nowadays, in the blockchain projects that are created and issued through the smart contract of Ethereum and run in a community or ecological way, the ideal state of many projects is similar to the bitcoin organization, but the actual situation is between the completely decentralized organization and the traditional company

when we discuss the fourth feature of blockchain, which is decentralized self-organization, we are actually going out of the code world, involving human organization and collaboration. Now, various discussions and practical explorations have also revealed the significance of blockchain beyond technology: it may serve as an infrastructure to support human proction organization and collaborative change. This is another example of the complete isomorphism between blockchain and Internet. Internet is not only a technology, it has changed people's organization and collaboration

in general, Ethereum has brought blockchain into a new stage. When discussing Ethereum, if we want to summarize two key words, they are smart contract and token; If I can only say one, I will choose "Tong Zheng". I would rather look for its meaning from the history of the Internet and repeat the previous analogy: as a token of value, its role is similar to HTML. With HTML, what kind of website to build depends entirely on our imagination

5. There should be a lot of them. For example, they have reached a consensus with Wen ecology, and they have a perfect match and win-win strategy. In order to provide strategic consultation and incubation resources for investors in the blockchain instry.

6. The vone block chain self-organization of wanglian technology is an innovative form of organization. It can break through the space and population size constraints of the physical world self-organization by using the block chain technology, and mobilize a wider range of human cooperation.

7. It's better to organize the coin to win the alliance. Many people are doing it here. The main reason is that the projects here are good and they are all the gods of blockchain.

8. Blockchain originated from bitcoin. On November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto published the article bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system [4], which elaborated the architecture concept of e-cash system based on P2P network technology, encryption technology, timestamp technology, blockchain technology, etc., marking the birth of bitcoin. Two months later, the theory entered into practice, and the first Chuangshi block with serial number 0 was born on January 3, 2009. A few days later, a block with serial number 1 appeared on January 9, 2009, and connected with the genesis block with serial number 0 to form a chain, marking the birth of the blockchain [5]
in recent years, the world's attitude towards bitcoin has gone up and down, but blockchain technology, as one of the underlying technologies of bitcoin, has been paid more and more attention. In the process of bitcoin formation, blocks are storage units that record all the communication information of each block node in a certain period of time. Each block is linked by random hash (also known as hash algorithm). The latter block contains the hash value of the former block. With the expansion of information exchange, one block is connected with another block one after another, and the result is called blockchain

9. It's good to have a good organization, of course, but you also need to find the right organization. Coin win alliance is a better organization with strong technology and good projects. If you find an organization that traps people, it's also very pitiable.