Blockchain in people's livelihood
The 
blockchain is a technical solution to collectively maintain a reliable database through centralization and distrust in the past
generally speaking, blockchain technology refers to a way for the whole people to participate in bookkeeping. There is a database behind all the systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. So it's very important who keeps this account book. At present, whose system will keep accounts, wechat's account book is Tencent's account book, and Taobao's account book is Ali's account book. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system can have the opportunity to participate in bookkeeping. If there is any data change in a certain period of time, everyone in the system can conct bookkeeping. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best bookkeeping in this period, write the content of his records into the account book, and send the content of the account book to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete account book. This way, we call it blockchain technology
now, blockchain technology will be very popular, especially in the financial sector. Ant finance, laikelib, Wanda, Ping'an and Minsheng have tried blockchain projects one after another, and European crowdfunding is in the forefront of using blockchain technology. The most successful case is digital currency
what is distributed and decentralized? Take marriage registration as an example. In the past, when two people got married, they had to go to the Civil Affairs Bureau to go through the formalities, and then enter the information into the computer before they could finish the legal process. What if we use blockchain technology? As long as two people agree to get married, and then release a message in the circle of friends, the process of marriage is completed, and there is no need to go to the Civil Affairs Bureau. Your friends are common witnesses, they may be distributed all over the world, but their mobile phones will help you record the information and tell others who want to know
if you want to hide the marriage information, you used to just modify the records on the computer of the Civil Affairs Bureau, but now you have to modify the records on the mobile phones of all the people who know the truth at the same time. The more people who know the truth, the less likely they are to modify it, so it is an impossible task. This is distributed and decentralized
deepen the understanding
on the network, every once in a while, a block will be generated. This block is equivalent to a network logbook, which is used to record the relevant information that happened in a period of time. When the logbook is full, a new logbook will be generated. Once the information is recorded, all participants will be informed, and everyone's logbook will be updated synchronously
these logbooks are finally connected in series, which is blockchain technology. Because of the use of cryptography technology, if someone wants to tamper with the message unilaterally, through the verification of blockchain algorithm protection mechanism, if the time point is not right and the associated information is not right, other people will not update their own record book, and the information will be invalid
therefore, compared with the traditional information storage technology, blockchain technology is more secure, transparent and irreversible
concept differentiation
blockchain is not equal to bitcoin, it is just a kind of underlying technology invented to realize bitcoin as a digital currency. Blockchain can be applied to a wider range. In addition to digital currency, it can also be applied to P2P loan, global payment, micro finance, electronic payment, remittance and other financial aspects. It can also be applied to intellectual property, election, notarization and other aspects of people's livelihood.
In 2020, blockchain will be included in the scope of "new infrastructure" by the state, and at least seven provinces will issue blockchain support policies. In the same year, blockchain technology is graally moving from concept to implementation, and the application scenarios are blooming“ Blockchain + "has become a symbol of the continuous maturity of blockchain< Novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic swept the world in BR />
2020,
2020. The uncertainty of world economic development has increased significantly. Governments and enterprises around the world explore the use of emerging technologies to rece the cost of economic and social operation, improve the efficiency of the real economy, and further seek new growth points for economic development
at present, with the cross innovation of blockchain, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other new technology infrastructure, more and more vertical fields of real economy present the development pattern of "blockchain +" and the good momentum of "from virtual to real"
in order to avoid the transition from real to virtual, in addition to continuing to crack down on speculation, we must also guide the deep integration of blockchain technology and practical application scenarios. Therefore, various instrial application scenarios of "blockchain +" have become one of the inevitable trends of blockchain development
according to the white paper on blockchain (2020) recently released by China Academy of information and communication, as of October 2020, more than 262 listed companies have set foot in the field of blockchain, including 39 fields such as insurance, real estate, commercial department stores, security equipment, packaging materials and telecom operation. In the blockchain information service record list published by the state Internet Information Office, the number of blockchain projects of listed companies has reached 45
among them, finance is the most explored scenario in the application scenarios of blockchain technology, and there are specific projects in supply chain finance, trade financing, payment and clearing, fund management and other sub fields. According to the white paper, as of November 2020, among the registered blockchain information services in China, the number of projects in the field of Finance (including supply chain finance) ranked first, accounting for 36%
with the acceleration of the implementation of blockchain applications, "blockchain +" business has become the development focus for Internet backbone enterprises to enter the blockchain instry. Besides financial business, actively deploy Internet, traceability and supply chain & amp; Logistics, digital assets, government and public services, intellectual property, law, medical and other fields
at the same time, it is graally understood in the instry that blockchain is the basic component of trusted transactions, but this does not mean that blockchain can take over the world. It is necessary to combine blockchain with other technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of things, big data, 5g, etc., and form an integrated solution by using synergy effect to jointly help digital transformation
according to the relevant data, at present, the application of blockchain is mainly in the field of certificate keeping, and blockchain has entered the stage of how to make it better, more reliable, more stable, better expansibility, and able to accommodate more nodes from the perspective of engineering. He Baohong, director of the Institute of cloud computing and big data, China Academy of information technology, believes that this process will continue for a period of time or more, and the next step is to shift the technical competition of blockchain from engineering optimization to technology ecology and business ecology
in addition, it is understood that the blockchain instry has been improving for a long time, and the instry cognition has returned to rationality. With the central government's planning guidance for the development of blockchain technology, China's blockchain has made it clear that it is based on the alliance chain, focusing on the development idea of serving the real economy and optimizing public services, and the direction of instrial development is further clear. At this stage, the majority of practitioners' confidence in the blockchain continues to improve, and generally recognize the long-term strategic value of the blockchain
what is the prospect of "blockchain +" in 2021
with the graal improvement of China's blockchain instry chain, most blockchain enterprises not only focus on one aspect, but also present the trend of multi field collaborative development. According to statistics, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong are the provinces and cities with the largest number of registered enterprises among the 801 blockchain information service filing lists published by the state Internet information office
the core role of blockchain corresponding to the technical characteristics is mainly reflected in the three aspects of certificate deposit, automatic cooperation and value transfer. With its value potential being continuously exploited, the application landing scenario has graally expanded from the financial breakthrough to the real economy, government affairs and people's livelihood and other fields
and the core value of blockchain for the real economy is to promote the efficient cooperation between the upstream and downstream instries and enhance the efficiency of the combination of instry and finance. In the early stage of development, the application mode of blockchain mainly focuses on the deposit of documents and contracts. At the present stage, the application of blockchain instry is graally moving towards automatic collaboration and value interconnection such as government data sharing, supply chain collaboration and cross-border trade
2020 is the warm-up of 2021. In 2021, the use of blockchain, distributed ledger and smart contract tools will continue to grow as in 2020. With the deepening of blockchain technology, the instrial foundation of blockchain will be better and better, the instrial ecology will also develop rapidly, and the instrial chain will be widely distributed
from the perspective of instrial structure, blockchain instry is mainly divided into four parts: underlying technology, platform services, instrial applications and peripheral services
the first three parts show a relatively obvious upstream and downstream relationship. The underlying technology part provides the necessary technical procts and components of the blockchain, the platform service part builds a blockchain platform based on the underlying technology to run the corresponding instry applications, and the instrial application part mainly uses the blockchain technology to develop instry applications according to the actual scenarios of various instries, Realize the innovation of business collaboration mode in the instry
peripheral services provide support services for the instry, including instry organization, market research, standard formulation, system evaluation and certification, instry media, etc., which provide power for the development of instrial ecology
among them, as far as the instrial application of blockchain is concerned, blockchain is not only the result of innovation and development of information technology, but also the main booster of business process reconstruction and instrial interaction mode innovation of various instries
blockchain has graally expanded from the initial digital finance to supply chain finance, proct traceability and other fields, and now it has been applied in government affairs, people's livelihood, instrial management and other instries, with increasingly rich application scenarios, showing a trend of deep integration with other instries
at present, domestic enterprises focus on serving the real economy and improving the application development related to government affairs and people's livelihood, among which supply chain finance and proct traceability have accounted for half of all applications, and other areas such as government affairs and people's livelihood have become the key layout areas of manufacturers in the future, which is about to see explosive growth
after the cooling of blockchain investment in 2020, the blockchain instry may graally become rational in 2021. However, a relatively complete instrial chain and active market players provide a good foundation for the development of blockchain instry. The blockchain instry will also show a positive development trend in policy support, ecological construction, platform service, application landing and integration innovation