China's support for CORS blockchain
CORS, whose full name is continuously operating reference stations, is the proct of multi-directional and deep crystallization of satellite positioning technology, computer network technology, digital communication technology and other high and new technologies
CORS system consists of five parts: reference station network, data processing center, data transmission system, positioning and navigation data broadcasting system and user application system. Each reference station and monitoring and Analysis Center are connected into a whole through data transmission system to form a special network
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CORS practical application in China:
Shenzhen city has established the first CORS system in China, and has started comprehensive measurement application. Similar provincial and municipal CORS systems have been or are being established in some provinces and cities of China, such as Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Cheng, Wuhan, Kunming, Chongqing and Qing
the establishment of cdcors Sichuan Seismological Bureau has been in operation for more than three years, and its main purpose is to monitor the earthquake stricken areas in Sichuan, but the potential function mining has achieved certain benefits in the development and utilization of GPS geodesy, through dial-up login authorization, open network access, and real-time high-precision differential positioning of users. Sichuan Province started the construction of Beidou satellite navigation network
in addition to the basic structure and application of the government, the application of CORS system in the commercial field has also entered the actual operation stage. Based on CORS technology, Xingwei information technology constructs a high-precision positioning system for port transport vehicles, which effectively solves the problems of low positioning accuracy and poor scheling caused by high logistics density and strong mobility of port vehicles
source: Network -- CORS
One of the characteristics of the development of international geodesy is to establish an all-weather, global coverage, high-precision, dynamic, real-time positioning satellite navigation system. On the ground, a permanent and continuous GPS reference station is established. Continuous operation reference station system (CORS) has been established or is being established in more developed countries in the world
the GPS continuous operation reference station system (CORS) in the United States. The current goals of the system are: (1) to make it easier for all users in the United States to use the system to achieve centimeter level positioning and navigation; ② Promote users to use CORS to develop GIS; ③ Monitoring Crustal deformation; ④ Support the application of remote sensing; ⑤ Determine the distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere; ⑥ Monitoring the concentration and distribution of free electrons in the ionosphere
by May 2001, CORS had more than 160 stations. The US ngs announced that in order to strengthen CORS, from now on, it will increase the space coverage rate of the system by 3 stations per month. The data and information of CORS include received pseudo range and phase information, station coordinates, station moving rate vector, GPS ephemeris, weather data around the station, etc. users can easily download them through information network, such as Internet
the functions and objectives of cogrs in the UK are similar to those of CORS mentioned above. However, combined with the local situation in the UK, it is an additional task to monitor the relative and absolute changes of sea level around the three British Islands. Up to now, there are nearly 60 GPS continuous operation stations
Germany's national satellite positioning network consists of more than 100 permanent GPS tracking stations. It also provides four different levels of services: 1) meter level real-time DGPS (accuracy: 1 ± 1～3 m ② Centimeter level real-time differential GPS (accuracy is 1-5 cm); ③ Quasi real time positioning with accuracy of 1cm; ④ High precision geodetic positioning (accuracy better than 1 cm)
other European countries, such as Finland and Switzerland, have built permanent GPS tracking networks with similar functions as the benchmark of national geographic information system to provide scientific data for GPS Differential Positioning, navigation, geodynamics and atmosphere
in Asia, geonet, an integrated service system for nearly 1200 GPS continuous operation stations, has been built in Japan. On the basis of Monitoring Crustal Movement and earthquake prediction as its main function, it carries out GPS real-time positioning, differential positioning, GPS meteorology, vehicle monitoring and other services in combination with geodesy department, meteorological department and traffic management department. With the improvement of national informatization and the rapid development of computer network and communication technology, the engineering and reality of e-government, e-commerce, digital city, digital province and digital earth need to collect a variety of real-time geospatial data. Therefore, the urgency and necessity of developing CORS system in China is becoming more and more prominent. In recent years, different instries in China have successively established some professional satellite positioning continuous operation networks. In order to meet the needs of national economic construction informatization, a large number of cities, provinces and instries are planning to establish similar continuous operation network systems. The construction climax of a continuous operation reference station network system is coming
CORS is the abbreviation of continuously operating reference stations, which is translated into Chinese as "continuously operating reference station"
CORS is a network system composed of several fixed GNSS reference stations which operate continuously for a long time in a city, a region or a country according to the demand and a certain distance by using the technologies of global navigation satellite system, computer, data communication and Internet
CORS is a W3C standard, whose full name is & quot; Cross domain resource sharing & quot Cross-origin resource sharing It allows browsers to send XMLHttpRequest requests to cross source servers, thus overcoming the limitation that Ajax can only be used in the same source
single base station CORS has only one continuous operation station. It is similar to one plus one RTK, except that the base station is replaced by a continuously running base station, and the base station is also a server, which can view the satellite status in real time through software, store static data, send differential information to the Internet in real time, and monitor the operation of the mobile station. The mobile station communicates with the base station server through GPRS and CDMA network communication
Continuous operation reference station system is the infrastructure of Network RTK system (Network RTK is also called multi reference station RTK, which is a new real-time dynamic positioning technology developed on the basis of conventional RTK, computer technology and communication network technology in recent years.) On this basis, various types of Network RTK systems can be established With the rapid progress and popularization of GPS technology, its role in urban surveying has become more and more important. At present, the continuously operating reference stations (CORS) established by RTK Technology of multi base station network has become one of the development hotspots of Urban GPS application CORS system is the proct of high technology, such as satellite positioning technology, computer network technology, digital communication technology, etc. CORS system consists of five parts: reference station network, data processing center, data transmission system, positioning and navigation data broadcasting system and user application system. Each reference station and monitoring and Analysis Center are connected into a whole through data transmission system to form a special network
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CORS features and advantages:
1, less investment
with the maturity of single base station technology, a CORS base station can be established in a small and medium-sized city with less investment to meet the needs of different levels of space information technology services of local measurement users: the urban and suburban areas where the base station is located, the urban and suburban areas where the base station is located Fast centimeter level real-time positioning and post differential are realized along the main traffic lines of urban import and export, as well as within 30 kilometers of the base station
2. Upgrade and expand at any time.
Single / multi base station system can add new base stations at any time and increase the coverage area of real-time RTK operation
3, data is reliable, stable and safe
continuous observation of base station, all-weather collection of static data, high point accuracy and stable data; User login adopts authorization mode, data center can manage login users, and data security is high
At present, the RTK operation radius based on Pentax single base station has been expanded to 40km, which can realize fast centimeter level real-time positioning and post differential5, short construction period
the practice of single reference station technology shows that it is a relatively mature technology, from the implementation of the scheme to purchase equipment, installation and commissioning, to acceptance and operation, the whole cycle is less than one month
With the improvement of national informatization and the rapid development of computer network and communication technology, the engineering and reality of e-government, e-commerce, digital city, digital province and digital earth need to collect a variety of real-time geospatial data. Therefore, the urgency and necessity of developing CORS system in China is becoming more and more prominent. Over the past few years, different instries in China have successively established some professional satellite positioning continuous operation networks. At present, in order to meet the needs of national economic construction informatization, a large number of cities, provinces and instries are planning to establish similar continuous operation network systems. The construction climax of a continuous operation reference station network system is coming< The first continuous operation reference station system (SZCORS) in China has been established in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, and now it has been applied comprehensively. Some provinces and cities in China have initially built or are building similar provincial and municipal CORS systems, such as Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Cheng, Wuhan, Kunming, Chongqing, etc
cdcors, established by Sichuan Seismological Bureau, has been running for more than three years. Originally, its main goal was to monitor earthquake disasters in Sichuan area. However, through the mining of its potential functions, it was developed and utilized in GPS geodesy. Through authorized dial-up login and opening up network access, it achieved real-time and high-precision GPS Differential Positioning for users, and achieved certain benefits
the necessity and significance of building CORS "spatial data infrastructure" is an essential infrastructure in the era of information society and knowledge economy. Urban continuous operation reference station system (CORS) is the most important part of "spatial data infrastructure", which can obtain all kinds of spatial location, time information and related dynamic changes. Through the construction of a number of permanent and continuous GPS reference stations, we can provide all kinds of international reference station coordinates and GPS survey data, so as to meet the requirements of users in different instries for precision positioning, fast and real-time positioning and navigation, and timely meet the requirements of urban planning, land surveying and mapping, cadastral management, urban and rural construction, environmental monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, and traffic monitoring, Mine survey and other modern information management of social requirements. The necessity and significance of establishing CORS are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. The establishment of CORS can greatly improve the accuracy, speed and efficiency of Surveying and mapping, rece the labor intensity and cost of Surveying and mapping, save the cost of protection and repair of surveying signs, and save about 30% of the control survey cost in the implementation process of various surveying and mapping projects. Due to the acceleration of urban construction, the GPS-C, D and e control points are damaged greatly. Generally, they need to be relocated in 5-8 years. As for the road root control, let alone in 12 years, it is basically gone. The surveying and mapping units either spend a lot of manpower to relocate or still use the method of station. This not only can not guarantee the accuracy, but also causes a lot of waste of human, material and financial resources. With the construction and continuous operation of CORS base station, a network with permanent base station as control point has been formed. Therefore, we can use the built CORS system for external development and use, and charge a certain fee. The charging standard can be formulated according to the local investment and actual situation. Of course, this is more about social benefits
2. The establishment of CORS can be used for real-time, effective and long-term deformation monitoring of engineering construction and rapid disaster prediction. The completion of CORS project will provide centimeter level dynamic real-time GPS positioning service for many fields of the city, such as meteorology, vehicle and ship navigation and positioning, object tracking, public security and fire protection, surveying and mapping, GIS applications, etc., which will greatly accelerate the construction of the city's basic geographic information
3. CORS will be an important part of urban informatization, from which a three-dimensional, dynamic and geocentric reference frame of urban spatial infrastructure will be established, so as to realize the real digitization of the city from the perspective of real-time spatial location information. CORS can make more departments and more people use GPS high-precision service, it will play an important role in urban economic construction. The huge social and economic benefits brought to the city are immeasurable, and it will provide a good construction and investment environment for the city
One of the characteristics of the development of international geodesy is to establish an all-weather, global coverage, high-precision, dynamic, real-time positioning satellite navigation system. On the ground, a permanent and continuous GPS reference station is established. At present, the continuous operation reference station system (CORS) has been established or is being established in more developed countries in the world
the continuous operation reference station (CORS) system of GPS in the United States. It is in the charge of the national geodetic survey (NGS) of the United States. The current goals of the system are: (1) to make it more convenient for all users in the United States to use the system to achieve centimeter level positioning and navigation; ② Promote users to use CORS to develop GIS; ③ Monitoring Crustal deformation; ④ Support the application of remote sensing; ⑤ Determine the distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere; ⑥ Monitoring the concentration and distribution of free electrons in the ionosphere< By May 2001, CORS had more than 160 stations. NGS of the United States announced that in order to strengthen the CORS system, from now on, it will increase the space coverage rate of the system by three stations per month. The data and information of CORS include received pseudo range and phase information, station coordinates, station moving rate vector, GPS ephemeris, weather data around the station, etc. users can easily download them through information network, such as Internet
the functions and objectives of cogrs in the UK are similar to those of CORS mentioned above. However, combined with the local situation in the UK, it is an additional task to monitor the relative and absolute changes of sea level around the three British Islands. At present, there are nearly 60 GPS continuous operation stations
Germany's national satellite positioning network has been established, which is composed of more than 100 permanent GPS tracking stations. It also provides four different levels of services: 1) meter level real-time DGPS (accuracy: 1 ± 1～3 m ② Centimeter level real-time differential GPS (accuracy is 1-5 cm); ③ Quasi real time positioning with accuracy of 1cm; ④ High precision geodetic positioning (accuracy better than 1 cm)
other European countries, such as Finland and Switzerland, have built permanent GPS tracking networks with similar functions as the benchmark of national geographic information system to provide scientific data for GPS Differential Positioning, navigation, geodynamics and atmosphere
in Asia, geonet, an integrated service system for nearly 1200 GPS continuous operation stations, has been built in Japan. On the basis of Monitoring Crustal Movement and earthquake prediction as its main function, GPS real-time positioning, differential positioning, GPS meteorology, vehicle monitoring and other services are carried out in combination with geodesy department, meteorological department and traffic management department
at present, domestic manufacturers of high-precision positioning instruments and equipment, such as Huashi navigation, are committed to providing and improving the construction of national Beidou CORS website service.
first, the provincial CORS account
the "national satellite navigation and positioning reference service system" organized and constructed by the national surveying and mapping department. Regional CORS such as the provincial CORS network and the county-level CORS network purchased by us are all procts of this system.