Blockchain block height query
blockchain includes public blockchain, joint (instry) blockchain and private blockchain. Public chain point-to-point e-cash system: bitcoin, smart contract and decentralized application platform: Ethereum
blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. In essence, it is a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of bitcoin network transaction information, Used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
extended data
according to the different degree of blockchain network centralization, three kinds of blockchains under different application scenarios are differentiated:
1. The blockchain with the whole network open and without user authorization mechanism is called public chain
2. The authorized nodes are allowed to join the network, and the information can be viewed according to the authority. It is often used in the inter agency blockchain, which is called alliance chain or instry chain
3. All the nodes in the network are in the hands of one organization, which is called private chain
alliance chain and private chain are also called licensing chain, and public chain is called non licensing chain
blockchain features
1, decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain
2. Openness. Blockchain technology is based on open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention
4. Safety. As long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily manipulated and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes
5. Anonymity. Unless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and the information can be transferred anonymously
(1) distributed ledger, that is, transaction bookkeeping is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records complete accounts, so they can participate in monitoring the legitimacy of transactions, At the same time, they can testify together
different from traditional distributed storage, the uniqueness of distributed storage of blockchain is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is that each node of blockchain stores complete data according to block chain structure, while traditional distributed storage generally stores data in multiple copies according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has the same status, which relies on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while the traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data from the central node to other backup nodes[ 8]
no single node can record the account data separately, so as to avoid the possibility that a single bookkeeper is controlled or bribed to record false accounts. In theory, unless all the nodes are destroyed, the accounts will not be lost, so as to ensure the security of the account data
(2) asymmetric encryption and authorization technology, the transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted, which can only be accessed under the authorization of the data owner, thus ensuring the data security and personal privacy
(3) consensus mechanism is how to reach a consensus among all accounting nodes to determine the validity of a record, which is not only a means of identification, but also a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and achieve a balance between efficiency and security
the consensus mechanism of blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority is subordinate to the majority" and "everyone is equal", in which "the minority is subordinate to the majority" does not completely refer to the number of nodes, but also can be the computing power, the number of shares or other characteristics that can be compared by computers“ "Everyone is equal" means that when the nodes meet the conditions, all nodes have the right to put forward the consensus results first, and then directly recognized by other nodes, and finally may become the final consensus results. Taking bitcoin as an example, the workload proof is adopted. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the whole network are controlled can a nonexistent record be forged. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
(4) smart contract, which is based on these trusted and tamperable data, can automatically execute some pre-defined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and reliable, it is easy to carry out automatic claim settlement in some standardized insurance procts
analysis, statistics, monitoring and alarm of the overall running state of the system
visualization analysis, statistics and management of member organizations, nodes and account books
digital asset transaction into the chain, transaction information, block height query display, etc
at present, there are not many such companies. Because of the particularity of blockchain, only indivial companies in China can do it, not necessarily big companies, but only those who have really done blockchain landing projects, such as Renren chain.
The relevant certificates can be issued online for the data of blockchain storage and network forensics through easysaving. Through the record number on the certificate, the blockchain query can be concted directly through the official website of easysaving and relevant arbitration commission, including the preservation subject, preservation time stamp, Guangzhou Internet court evidence number, blockchain hash value and other relevant information
1) if it's just "blockchain", the direct network can find a good interpretation of "blockchain network"
2) if it is "blockchain technology", the network also has a good interpretation, and all walks of life are also trying to combine with blockchain technology in new fields. Maybe in the future, blockchain technology will be used correctly instead of being used to deceive people
3) if it is "blockchain information", you can go to all kinds of blockchain media or financial media, and almost every day there are relevant blockchain instry information and news reports. Such as: Babbitt, coin you finance, blocknet, golden, daily, etc
4) if it's "blockchain audio", you can go to Himalaya FM, litchi micro class, qianchat and other platforms. For example, the audio related to "voice of money", "Yu Lingxiong", "Wang Feng" and some other financial media blockchain is also good, with various dry goods and in-depth analysis
therefore, the above four points are all related to blockchain. It depends on your choice.
A: the basic characteristics of blockchain
I. decentralization
blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage
the foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
Third, independencebased on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention
Four, safetyas long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily controlled and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes
5. Anonymityunless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and the information transmission can be anonymous
Deflection refers to the linear displacement of the axis of the member perpendicular to the axis or the central plane of the shell perpendicular to the central plane when the force or non-uniform temperature changes
the deflection of slender body (such as beam or column) refers to the displacement of each point on its axis in the normal plane of the axis at that point. The deflection of thin plate or shell refers to the displacement of each point on the middle plane normal at this point. The rule that the deflection of each point on the object changes with position and time is called deflection function or displacement function
the deflection observation of building includes the deflection observation of building foundation, building main body and independent structure (such as independent wall and column). For high-rise buildings, when there is a large concentrated load on a small area, it may lead to the settlement of the foundation and buildings. The uneven settlement will lead to the inclination of the building, the bending of local components and the generation of cracks
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1. Deflection calculation formula: ymax = 5ql ^ 4 / (384ei) (EI is the bending stiffness of beam under uniform load q)
deflection is related to load size, member section size and material physical properties of member
Deflection the linear displacement of the centroid of the cross section along the direction perpendicular to the axis ring bending deformation is called deflection γ Expressionrotation angle the angle at which the cross section turns relative to its original position ring bending deformation is called rotation angle θ Expression
The traditional bridge deflection measurement mostly uses dial indicator or displacement meter to measure directly, which is still widely used in bridge maintenance, old bridge safety assessment or new bridge acceptance