Electronic signature of blockchain Technology
blockchain technology has the advantages of being difficult to tamper with and easy to trace. It can play a role in identity information management, trust mechanism construction, and credit information chain of small and micro enterprises
here is an example of a bank in Nanping:
e to the outbreak of online business, the original offline signing method has been unable to meet the needs of the rapid change of the banking business, and the bank's digital construction is imminent, but the bank's risk control department has strict compliance requirements:
< UL >online business data sensitive privacy, Is the transmission secure
does the electronic signature have legal effect
can electronic evidence be accepted by the court
these concerns have become obstacles for banks to introce e-contracts and carry out business digital transformation
after adopting the unique ENA initiative forensics patent technology of the "real hammer" trusted electronic evidence platform, a bank in Nanping, through the clean server of the notary office, online carries out real-time preservation, storage and certification of the electronic data of the target system, records the whole process of the electronic data from generation, transmission to storage, and finally the notary office issues the forensics preservation report with official seal, The effectiveness of the documents is notarial documents, which can be directly accepted by the court. Because the report is issued by the notary office, it has more credibility than the self certification of the third-party E-contract platform, which solves the concerns of the risk control department of the bank at one stroke. The whole process is online and automated, and the front-end customer operation has no perception
at the same time, combined with the back-end case system of "real hammer" and the outsourcing execution service, the bank realized the rapid dispute resolution of Internet business. It not only ensures the compliance and effectiveness of the electronic contract signing process, but also solves the problem that the bank cases are scattered all over the country and the cost of legal business trip is high; The litigation cycle is long and there is no efficient disposal channel
in the distributed network of blockchain, the communication and trust between nodes need to rely on digital signature technology, which mainly realizes the identity confirmation and information authenticity and integrity verification
digital signature
digital signature (also known as public key digital signature, electronic signature) is a kind of common physical signature written on paper, but it uses the technology in the field of public key encryption to identify digital information. A digital signature usually defines two complementary operations, one for signature and the other for verification. Only the sender of information can proce a digital string which can not be forged by others. This digital string is also an effective proof of the authenticity of the information sent by the sender. Simply prove that "I am who I am."
sign at ease the third party E-contract service platform adopts reliable e-signature technology, which can ensure the true identities of both parties and prevent them from being falsely signed
At the same time, the time stamp technology and tamper proof technology are used to accurately record the signing time and content of the electronic contract, and the signature verification technology is used to easily identify whether the electronic contract has been tampered, thus eliminating the "false contract" and "illegally generated" false seal. In case of contract disputes, it also provides certificate issuing service and online one click arbitration service to provide a complete evidence chain for electronic contract disputes, protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties, and escort each electronic contract
in recent years, E-contract has been more and more well known and used by enterprises, and E-contract is also the inevitable trend of future Internet development. With the development of the Internet in recent years, many benefits brought by electronic contract are recognized by enterprise users. It is not only convenient to manage, but also saves a large part of the cost. At the same time, it has legal protection
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These Internet E-contract platforms realize the functions of online e-signature, E-contract signing, E-contract management, E-contract certificate keeping, and have the advantage of preemption in certain fields. Third party E-contract platforms such as fadada, cloud signature, Shangshang signature, contract lock, cloud contract, document signature, receiving signature, No.1 signature, etc
The legal department provides services such as electronic contract signing, electronic signature, online contract editing, contract management, deposit and issue of certificates, as well as judicial expertise, online arbitration and lawyer services Themethod greatly adopts strict real name authentication, reliable electronic signature, advanced real name authentication, third-party timing, blockchain storage and other technologies, fully ensuring the effectiveness, legitimacy and integrity of the electronic contract
In his early years, e-signbo was engaged in digital authentication services, mainly providing e-signature + electronic data preservation solutions for customers in the field of Internet finance. Most of the senior executives in the team are from the traditional signature and Internet technology background. In the early stage, they mainly focused on government e-government projects. In 2013, the electronic signature began to be popularized before the formal transformation CA organization, also known as certificate authority center, is a trusted third party in network marketing transactions, which undertakes online security transaction authentication services, issues digital certificates, and confirms the identity of users. It is an authoritative and impartial third party. For example, the third-party E-contract platform, such as ease signing, integrity signing, and everyone signingElectronic signature is a form of electronic signature. It not only retains the visual effect of physical seal (i.e. seal appearance), but also contains digital certificate, which is used to ensure that the electronic contract with electronic signature has the characteristics of identity recognition and content tampering
According to Article 14 of the electronic signature law, a reliable electronic signature has the same legal effect as a handwritten signature. At the same time, Article 13 stipulates that an electronic signature can only be regarded as a reliable electronic signature if it meets the following conditions at the same time:(1) when the proction data of the electronic signature is used for the electronic signature, it belongs to the exclusive property of the electronic signer
(2) when signing, the proction data of electronic signature is only controlled by the electronic signer
(3) any changes to the electronic signature after signing can be found
(4) any changes to the content and form of the data message can be found after signing
principle of electronic signature: following the above explanation of electronic signature, we can simply understand that digital certificate is an "electronic ID card" of "I am me" in the network environment, and this "electronic ID card" needs to be managed by a special organization, that is, CA organization
when a user signs a contract online with an electronic signature, the CA authority verifies the authenticity of the signer's identity information through a series of technical means and specific steps, and then issues a digital certificate to the party and authorizes him to sign the contract, which is the process of CA authentication
(Note: because the explanation of electronic signature involves many technical principles, it is not applicable to users without technical background, so it will not be repeated here, and friends who need it can contact the author for communication)
the role of electronic signature can be reflected as follows: after passing the above authentication process and signing the electronic contract, The parties only need to identify the electronic signature to quickly identify the signer's identity and signing content and other important information, so as to avoid the illegal acts such as seal theft, misappropriation, contract tampering and so on
application scenarios of electronic signature: at present, electronic signature continues to be popular, and is applied in many instries, such as finance, e-commerce, law, personnel, medical treatment, manufacturing, tourism, ecation, real estate, building materials, etc., which makes the signature scenarios of various instries electronic, so as to speed up the cost rection and control the hidden dangers caused by illegal use of seals
Electronic signature is a form of electronic signature. It not only retains the visual effect of physical seal (i.e. seal appearance), but also contains digital certificate, which is used to ensure that the electronic contract with electronic signature has the characteristics of identity recognition and content tampering
principle of electronic signature: following the above explanation of electronic signature, we can simply understand that digital certificate is an "electronic ID card" of "I am me" in the network environment, and this "electronic ID card" needs to be managed by a special organization, that is, CA organization
when a user signs a contract online with an electronic signature, the CA authority verifies the authenticity of the signer's identity information through a series of technical means and specific steps, and then issues a digital certificate to the party and authorizes him to sign the contract, which is the process of CA authentication
(Note: because the explanation of electronic signature involves many technical principles, it is not applicable to users without technical background, so it will not be repeated here, and friends who need it can contact the author for communication)
the role of electronic signature can be reflected as follows: after passing the above authentication process and signing the electronic contract, The parties only need to identify the electronic signature to quickly identify the signer's identity and signing content and other important information, so as to avoid the illegal acts such as seal theft, misappropriation, contract tampering and so on
application scenarios of electronic signature: at present, electronic signature continues to be popular, and is applied in many instries, such as finance, e-commerce, law, personnel, medical treatment, manufacturing, tourism, ecation, real estate, building materials, etc., which makes the signature scenarios of various instries electronic, so as to speed up the cost rection and control the hidden dangers caused by illegal use of seals
Electronic signature is a form of electronic signature, which mainly uses image processing technology to transform electronic signature operation into the same visual effect as paper document seal operation. At the same time, electronic signature technology is used to ensure the authenticity and integrity of electronic information and the non repudiation of the signer The law of the people's Republic of China on electronic signature stipulates that "reliable electronic signature has the same legal effect as handwritten signature or seal". Therefore, electronic signature is protected by law and has legal effect
It refers to the data contained and attached in the electronic form in the data message, which is used to identify the identity of the signer and indicate that the signer recognizes the content
electronic signature is not a digital image of written signature. It is actually an electronic code, with which the recipient can easily verify the identity and signature of the sender on the Internet. It can also verify whether the original text of the file has changed ring transmission. If someone wants to send an important document to people in other places through the network, both the recipient and the sender need to apply for an electronic license from a Ca (Global sign). The encrypted certificate includes the applicant's public key on the Internet, namely & quot; Public computer password;, Used for file validation
the sender encrypts the file with the recipient's public key issued by Ca, and signs the file with his own key. After receiving the document, the recipient first resolves the signature with the sender's public key pair to prove that the document is actually sent by the sender. Then use your private key to decrypt the file and read it
From the definition of e-signature, we can see two basic functions of e-signature:(1) identify the signer
(2) indicate the signer's approval of the content. In the definition of e-signature, technology neutrality is fully considered, and the provisions on e-signature are extracted according to the basic functions of signature, It is considered that all electronic technical means that meet the basic functions of signature can be regarded as electronic signature. From the definition of electronic signature and digital signature, we can see that they are different: electronic signature is put forward from the perspective of law, and it is technology neutral. Any electronic technical means that meets the basic functions of signature can be called electronic signature; Digital signature is proposed from the technical point of view, which requires the use of cryptographic technology. Its main purpose is to confirm the source of data unit and the integrity of data unit
electronic signature is a generalized concept, digital signature can be considered as a way to realize electronic signature, and digital signature provides higher functions than electronic signature
Electronic seal is the application of electronic signature technology, effective electronic seal = digital certificate + seal image, and the core technology of electronic seal is digital certificate. Therefore, the anti-counterfeiting of electronic seal is equivalent to verifying the validity of digital certificate
a digital certificate is a file containing the information of the owner of the public key and the public key, which is digitally signed by the certificate authority (CA). The digital signature of CA can prevent the attacker from forging and tampering with the certificate. In Chinese mainland, the digital certificates issued by legitimate CA institutions are considered legal. p>
digital certificate is unique and reliable. In order to achieve this goal, many technologies are needed. Generally, digital certificate adopts public key system, that is, a pair of matching keys are used to encrypt and decrypt. Each user sets a specific private key (private key) which is only owned by himself, and uses it to decrypt and sign; At the same time, a public key (public key) is set and disclosed by the user, which is shared by a group of users for encryption and signature verification. When sending a confidential file, the sender uses the public key of the receiver to encrypt the data, while the receiver uses its private key to decrypt the data, so that the information can arrive at the destination safely
And the encryption process is an irreversible process by digital means, that is, only private key can be used to decrypt. If others want to crack it, according to the current level of computer technology, it will take at least thousands of years. Therefore, in a sense, the electronic documents signed with electronic seal are much safer than the written documents signed and sealed