Blockchain 100 questions and so on 5
The strict definition of blockchain refers to the distributed database technology that multiple nodes in peer-to-peer network jointly maintain a continuously growing list ledger constructed by time stamp and orderly record data blocks through consensus mechanism based on cryptography technology. This technical solution allows any number of nodes in the participating system to calculate and record all the information exchange data in the system in a period of time to a data block through cryptography algorithm, and generate the fingerprint of the data block for linking the next data block and checking. All participating nodes in the system jointly determine whether the record is true
blockchain is a technical solution similar to NoSQL (non relational database). It is not a specific technology, and can be implemented through many programming languages and architectures. There are many ways to realize blockchain, including pow (proof of work), POS (proof of stake), dpos (delegate proof of stake), etc
the concept of blockchain was first proposed in the paper "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system" by indivials (or groups) who call themselves Satoshi Nakamoto. Therefore, bitcoin can be regarded as the first application of blockchain in the field of financial payment
< H2 > [popular explanation]no matter how big the system or how small the website is, there is a database behind it. So who will maintain this database? In general, who is responsible for the operation of the network or system, then who is responsible for the maintenance. If it is wechat database, it must be maintained by Tencent team, and Taobao database is maintained by Alibaba team. We must think that this way is natural, but blockchain technology is not
if we think of the database as a book, for example, Alipay is a typical account book. Any change of data is bookkeeping. We can think of database maintenance as a very simple way of accounting. In the world of blockchain, everyone in the blockchain system has the opportunity to participate in bookkeeping. The system will select the fastest and best bookkeeper in a period of time, maybe within ten seconds or ten minutes. The bookkeeper will record the changes of the database and the account book in a block. We can think of this block as a page. After the system confirms that the records are correct, the system will record the changes of the database and the account book in a block, It will link the fingerprint of the past account book to this paper, and then send this paper to everyone else in the whole system. Then, over and over again, the system will look for the next person with fast and good bookkeeping, and everyone else in the system will get a of the whole ledger. This means that everyone as like as two peas in the system is called Blockchain. It is also called distributed account technology. P>
as like as two peas (computer) have identical accounting books, and everyone has the same rights, they will not collapse e to the loss of contact or downtime of a single person. As like as two peas, the data is transparent and everyone can see what changes are in every account. Its very interesting feature is that the data can't be tampered with. Because the system will automatically compare, it will think that the same number of books with the largest number are real books, and a small number of books with different numbers are false books. In this case, it's meaningless for anyone to tamper with his own account book, because unless you can tamper with most nodes in the whole system. If there are only five or ten nodes in the whole system, it may be easy to do so. However, if there are tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of nodes and they are distributed in any corner of the Internet, unless someone can control most computers in the world, it is unlikely to tamper with such a large block chain
< H2 > [elements]combined with the definition of blockchain, we think that we must have the following four elements to be called public blockchain technology. If we only have the first three elements, we will consider it as private blockchain Technology (private chain)
1, peer-to-peer network (power equivalence, physical point-to-point connection)
2, verifiable data structure (verifiable PKC system, non tampering database)
3, distributed consensus mechanism (Solving Byzantine general problem, solving double payment)
4 Game design of Nash equilibrium (cooperation is the strategy of evolutionary stability)
combined with the definition of blockchain, blockchain will realize four main characteristics: decentralized, trustless, collective maintenance and reliable database. And the other two will be derived from the four characteristics Features: open source Privacy. If a system does not have these characteristics, it can not be regarded as an application based on blockchain technology
Decentralized: there is no centralized hardware or management organization in the whole network. The rights and obligations of any node are equal, and the damage or loss of any node will not affect the operation of the whole system. Therefore, it can also be considered that the blockchain system has excellent robustnesstrustworthiness: there is no need to trust each other when participating in the data exchange between each node in the whole system. The operation rules of the whole system are open and transparent, and all data contents are also open. Therefore, within the specified rule range and time range of the system, nodes cannot and cannot cheat other nodes
collective maintenance: the data blocks in the system are maintained by all the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system, and these nodes with maintenance function can be participated by anyone
reliable database: the whole system will enable each participating node to obtain a of the complete database in the form of sub databases. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the whole system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid, and the data content on other nodes cannot be affected. Therefore, the more nodes and computing power in the system, the higher the data security in the system
Open Source: since the operation rules of the whole system must be open and transparent, the whole system must be open source for the program
Privacy Protection: since there is no need to trust each other between nodes, there is no need to disclose the identity between nodes, and the privacy of each participating node in the system is protected
first of all, mining is the main way to obtain bitcoin, but the current threshold of mining is relatively high. If you choose to mine by yourself, first you need to understand certain technology, then download the bitcoin client and mine by yourself according to the online bitcoin mining tutorial
however, in theory, bitcoin can still be mined with computers or graphics cards. However, e to the development of mining instry in recent years, the whole network computing power of bitcoin is extremely terrible (more than supercomputers), so if you want to mine with computers or graphics cards, you can't find bitcoin, If you want to dig bitcoin, you still need to buy mining machines. Now the better mainstream mining machines in the market have to be tens of thousands. Of course, there are cheap second-hand mining machines, but these second-hand mining machines are all obsolete ones, and the electricity cost of mining is relatively high
in addition to the second way of direct purchase, the digital currency exchange is a special place for bitcoin trading. If you want to own a bitcoin, you can buy it directly with money. However, it should be noted that there are many digital currency exchanges in the market at present. Many small exchanges are specialized in cutting users and eating customer losses for a living. Therefore, when choosing an exchange, it is better to focus on the head exchange. For example, Hufu, one of the head exchanges in China, I have been using it for nearly two years, and it is very stable and safe.
in order to ensure the stability of bitcoin and dig out a block in about 10 minutes, Nakamoto Tsung designed that the difficulty of getting bitcoin from miners mining should be dynamically adjusted every 2016 blocks (about 2 weeks). After the adjustment, the expected time for each block to be generated is 10 minutes. Now the difficulty factor is about 480ph / s. With the current computing power, the miners in the whole network need to go through about 300 trillion hash operations to find a qualified answer and generate new blocks.
go to mop "mystery of stone" to find NPC - man with mining soul, have a dialogue, and then learn mining task. Use "test pick" in kaster plain 07, 27 and border outside mop and reply NPC - man with mining soul to complete the task, Learning mining task completion
mining method:
first use the "detection rod" to detect the location of the ore point. If the area can be mined, the bottom left corner of the screen will display the mineral resources that can be explored: X mine, you can equip the "miner's pick" and then stand still to mine
Bitcoin (abbreviated as BTC) is a point-to-point, decentralized digital asset proposed by Nakamoto (alias); In 2009, Nakamoto Cong packaged the first block and won 50 bitcoin mining awards, which are halved every four years. According to this calculation, bitcoin is expected to be issued in 2140, with a total of 21 million
do you understand what bitcoin is now? If you don't understand, just continue to look down ~ "blockchain 100 questions" makes you a blockchain brick~