Blockchain BSN business
Blockchain includes public blockchain, joint (instry) blockchain and private blockchain. Public chain point-to-point e-cash system: bitcoin, smart contract and decentralized application platform: Ethereum
blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. In essence, it is a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of bitcoin network transaction information, Used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
extended data
according to the different degree of blockchain network centralization, three kinds of blockchains under different application scenarios are differentiated:
1. The blockchain with the whole network open and without user authorization mechanism is called public chain
2. The authorized nodes are allowed to join the network, and the information can be viewed according to the authority. It is often used in the inter agency blockchain, which is called alliance chain or instry chain
3. All the nodes in the network are in the hands of one organization, which is called private chain
alliance chain and private chain are also called licensing chain, and public chain is called non licensing chain
blockchain features
1, decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain
2. Openness. Blockchain technology is based on open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention
4. Safety. As long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily manipulated and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes
5. Anonymity. Unless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and the information can be transferred anonymously
in the past six months, the concept of blockchain has graally become hot in China, and the financial circle has been blowing waves of blockchain whirlwind. With its unique technical advantages, blockchain has attracted more and more attention and favor from people in the instry. With the characteristics of decentralization (or multi centralization), high transparency, impossibility of tampering and no single point of failure, blockchain technology is coming into the vision of financial institutions and enterprises. At least it has been applied from theoretical discussion to practical application in many fields, such as digital currency, payment and exchange, registration and settlement, digital assets, traceability and anti-counterfeiting, supply chain, Internet of things, etc
"blockchain" was first released in early 2009 as "bitcoin". Blockchain has become the basic protocol and technical application for the launch, recording and circulation of bitcoin. Although bitcoin has been controversial since it came into being, and it can not even be regarded as "currency" by the government and monetary authorities, the blockchain technology applied by bitcoin has been widely concerned by the government and monetary authorities
why has blockchain become a hot technology and topic
perhaps the most important of these is that bitcoin, which is based on blockchain technology, has opened a new technology and rule system exploration and attempt, which has little connection with traditional society (offline) and is completely applied to the online world (online), such as Internet users' identity verification, wealth confirmation, transaction records, notarization verification, etc, This provides people with an alternative path and unlimited reverie to adapt to the development of the Internet society
from the perspective of its application in bitcoin, blockchain intuitively means a new set of network block (block, also known as community) establishment, bitcoin configuration, netizen identity verification, and bitcoin (value) confirmation and transaction records formed by mining by combining encryption technology with Internet technology, As well as the extended encryption of bitcoin cross block flow (value transfer) (including factors such as block and transaction time identification) registration and verification, the internet protocol rules and ledger system including block chain, whole process encryption and mutual authentication. Because bitcoin is not a substitute for offline fiat money, but a new and decentralized network currency (virtual currency) issued and managed by the illegal monetary authority, which mainly imitates the mode of gold and is completely protected and supported by the Internet basic protocol and strict encryption technology, it has also formed a set of virtual currency which is different from It is also not subject to the new monetary rules and systems of social laws, and can be traded or exchanged with legal tender. Bitcoin has been more than eight years since it was launched, and there has been no record of funds or user information stolen. Its security has been verified, and its efficiency and cost of capital clearing also have obvious advantages. This makes people have more confidence in the blockchain technology applied by bitcoin, and it is also more and more clear that although blockchain is a technology and protocol initiated and applied by bitcoin, blockchain is not the same as bitcoin, and its application will never be limited to bitcoin. The application of blockchain can be decentralized or centralized; It can be public chain mode or private chain mode. Therefore, after bitcoin, blockchain technology is constantly developing and innovating, and constantly exploring new application fields, especially in the financial field
the reason why more and more people attach great importance to blockchain is that with the development and wide application of the Internet, more and more economic exchanges and trading activities have been transferred to the Internet, and the network world (or online society) is rapidly expanding, enriching and active, while online transactions must solve the problems of identity verification, value verification, transaction records, etc The efficiency and security protection of inspection and verification need strict intermediary and agreement (rules or constitution). In this regard, the traditional thinking and practice is to conform to the development track of the transfer from offline trading to online trading, and push the common rules and practices of the real (offline) society to the online (Network) society, but it is increasingly difficult to adapt to the needs of online trading in practice
for example, the natural choice of the party's identity verification is to add the account or transaction password, as well as biometrics such as Facebook, iris, fingerprint, etc., based on the information of the identity documents protected by the laws of various countries, to carry out the identity verification of online transactions. But this method, first of all, makes the citizenship information of the cross-border interconnected network world subject to the real social administrative jurisdiction, At the same time, non digital, multi identity information collection and verification will greatly increase the cost and rece the efficiency
moreover, in real society, all kinds of economic activities involving capital liquidation, except direct cash transactions, require the parties to open accounts in banks and other institutions first, and carry out capital liquidation through the account opening institutions. However, for various reasons, even in a country, it is impossible to require all citizens to open accounts in an account opening institution (including its branches), It is even more impossible to do this between multinational companies, which makes the transactions of the parties who open accounts in different institutions must be completed through the clearing between their account opening institutions. It will seriously affect the efficiency and cost of transaction confirmation and capital clearing if this mode is implemented in the network world
in addition, in real society, the valuation and liquidation of trading activities must involve money, which is legal tender protected by national or regional sovereignty. In the case of cross-border Internet Interconnection and cross-border development of Internet transactions, transaction pricing and capital clearing also involve currency issues. The operation of multiple currencies will greatly increase the cost and risk of clearing. Therefore, the development of network world and network transaction needs the innovation of identity verification, value verification, currency valuation, transaction confirmation and record, account management and verification. Bitcoin and blockchain technology provide very important enlightenment and practice
of course, blockchain is still a new concept and technology, which needs further verification and improvement; The application of bitcoin is also an extreme example: the initial bitcoin can not be directly converted from legal tender, but can only be obtained through "mining" in the network world. Therefore, bitcoin can completely set aside the offline social rules, form a new set of game rules by using blockchain technology, and extend from online to offline. In real society, whether online or offline transactions, the main body is people (including legal persons). The management of their wealth or value should not be completely divided into two worlds, but must be connected and integrated. Therefore, o2o is necessary. This requires the application of blockchain not only to study and solve the problems of the network world, but also to study and solve the connection and integration between the network world and the real society. This will bring more challenges and risks, and also require more people, more strength, more in-depth discussion and innovation. It is also possible that blockchain technology will be replaced by more advanced and perfect technology in the future, but the historical value of blockchain will be indelible
the development of blockchain technology in China
Bubi blockchain is a commercial blockchain. Bubi covers seven areas: exchange, points (multiple points, gege points), insurance (sunshine insurance will launch accident insurance on our blockchain in a month, which can greatly rece channel costs), equity crowdfunding (gold stock chain, etc.), supply chain finance (Qian Xiang, etc.), supply chain (cooperation with the material chain, etc.), jewelry anti-counterfeiting, etc. Some funds cooperating with Bubby have committed 150 million investment funds. Bubby plays the role of "LP" in the fund, helping the fund identify and invest in companies related to blockchain. At present, the average amount of angel investment obtained through Bubi blockchain is about 3 million, with an average valuation of more than 40 million
blockchain can drive the birth of a new business model
the characteristics of blockchain technology enable it to achieve some business models that are difficult to achieve in the centralized mode. For example, in the Internet of things instry, some organizations have proposed to use blockchain technology to manage the identity, payment and maintenance tasks of tens of billions of Internet of things devices. Using blockchain technology, IOT equipment manufacturers can greatly extend the life cycle of procts and rece the cost of IOT maintenance
blockchain technology has a flexible architecture
according to different application scenarios and user needs, blockchain technology can be divided into public chain, private chain and alliance chain, which can be selected according to the actual use of institutions<
blockchain technology is a useful tool to realize sharing finance
the essence of sharing finance is to realize the optimal allocation of financial resources by recing the asymmetry of financial information, and to ensure the implementation of the rights and interests of both parties in the transaction and facilitate the transaction through strict third-party authentication and supervision mechanism. Through the use of blockchain technology, financial information and financial value can be more strictly protected, and more efficient and lower cost flow can be realized, so as to realize the sharing of value and information
"from the perspective of historical development trend, money has always evolved with the development of technological progress and economic activities. From the early physical money, commodity money to the later credit money, it is a natural choice to adapt to the development of human commercial society. As the currency of the previous generation, paper money has low technology content. From the perspective of safety and cost, it is the general trend to be replaced by new technology and new procts. It will take at least 10 years for China to implement digital currency, so digital currency and cash will be in parallel and graally replaced for quite a long time. "“ For digital currency, blockchain technology is an optional technology, which is characterized by distributed bookkeeping, non account based and non tampering. If digital currency focuses on the protection of personal privacy, blockchain technology can be selected. The people's Bank of China has deployed an important force to study and discuss blockchain application technology. However, so far, blockchain still occupies too many resources, whether it is computing resources or storage resources, which can not cope with the current transaction scale. Whether it can be solved in the future depends on the situation. "
the development of Internet is in the ascendant and irreversible. The development of the network world and its connection and integration with the real society are also the general trend, and the corresponding rules and technology are of great significance. China has been in the forefront of the world in Internet application, and should actively explore and contribute to new rule making and technology application, and strive to lead the new development of the Internet world
what is the concept of blockchain? People will realize that blockchain technology plays a more and more important role in reality, and is supported by many organizations, so that the popularization of blockchain in reality has entered a new application stage.
Recently, MIT announced that it will launch MIT financial technology laboratory with several top technology companies in the world on July 18, 2018. Its main research directions include blockchain development, privacy security, database, encryption system, etc. ant financial is the only Chinese founder
In an exclusive interview with people, Jiang Guofei, director of ant technology laboratory, said that the former NEC technology VP, who has been wandering in Tokyo Bay and New York Bay for the past 15 years, said that China and the United States are almost on the same starting line in the independent research and development of Frontier core technologies such as blockchain, This is a sight that has never been seen before“ Whether it is Tokyo Bay, New York Bay or San Francisco Bay, they all rise in the blowout of Japan and the United States' comprehensive national strength. Now it's time to go to China, so I'm back. "content source: phoenix.com
1. Bubi blockchain company, which is engaged in the underlying technical services and instry solutions of blockchain. That is to say, an underlying blockchain is built, and an adaptation layer is built on it, so that enterprises can quickly establish commercial applications. The underlying blockchain is self-developed. The consensus mechanism is pbft, TPS is 5000 transactions per second, UnionPay is 2000 transactions per second, and bitcoin is 7 transactions per second. Of course, different underlying architectures lead to different performance, because Bubi's commercial blockchain pays more attention to performance. At present, Bubi is mainly used in digital assets, supply chain finance, supply chain traceability, public notary and other fields< 2. Bumeng blockchain. Theoretically, bumeng should be regarded as the proct line of Bubi, but Bubi is mainly engaged in the private chain, while bumeng is an alliance chain. So separately, bumeng is Bubi's layout in digital assets. The underlying technology is Bubi blockchain, but it encapsulates the blockchain according to the scene and provides API interface for enterprises. Enterprises issue their own assets on it. According to the characteristics of blockchain, they can freely circulate their assets. At present, some enterprises such as sunshine insurance, Qianxiang finance, crowdsourcing, Haohuo, etc. have joined in, and the assets in them include insurance policies, integral points, and so on Financial procts and so on. Finally, it is estimated that this platform will break through the barriers between assets, and the end users can freely use and transfer these assets. This is an interesting way for the blockchain instry, because it has both the opening of public chain and the security of private chain
Third, only chain, which is a commodity ID management cloud platform based on blockchain technology, provides enterprise users with commodity asset management, tracing, anti-counterfeiting verification, new supply chain management, etc. in the form of baas. Simple understanding is that only chain has done the content of "supply chain traceability" of Bubi blockchain
four, concentric mutual aid, concentric mutual aid is a mutual aid security platform, put some mutual insurance related information into the blockchain, and users can apply to become nodes, participate in bookkeeping, and maintain their own data
5. Xiaoyi is a decentralized network protocol based on blockchain technology, which digitizes the assets and interests of the real world, and carries out financial business such as registration and issuance, transfer transaction, clearing and delivery through point-to-point network
these five blockchain companies are probably well-known in China, and I personally recommend bumeng
first, bumeng uses the underlying technology of Bubi blockchain, which is very promising in the instry. It has the largest number of landing applications in China. Enterprises can not only use the blockchain technology at low cost (just call the interface, it seems that it is free), but also use the resources inside. Think about being on the same chain with many enterprises and docking resources in the future, User transformation should not be easy
Second, Weilian and Tongxin Huzhu focus on one field, and do not provide underlying technology and instry solutions. That is to say, if you are in this instry or can be used in the upstream and downstream of this instry, you can not be used in other fields. Take mutual security field as an example, zhongtuobang and zebra Club both choose bumeng. Of course, if it is an investment, you can consider it
Third, Xiaoyi, why not recommend Xiaoyi, because Xiaoyi is an open source project, and we all know the domestic business environment, especially when the instry is just beginning to develop, and the domestic market is different from that of foreign countries, Xiaoyi has gone through two rounds of ICO, which will be a great worry in the future operation, and at present, Xiaoyi has not been applied in practice, We have made a Fada platform, which has not been used by any company yet (guess it may be related to the factors of open source, who dares to open their data completely). Of course, the open attitude of Xiaoyi is worth encouraging. Although I guess the advantages and disadvantages of the code are well understood by peers, it is not clear
Fourth, why is there no recommendation for Bubby? Bubby has raised 30 million yuan a while ago, because Bubby is more open and has more resources. Of course, if the business requires high privacy, it can also choose Bubby blockchain
finally, for all my hard work, choose me!
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.