The future value of blockchain
in the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. This database can be regarded as a large account book. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, bookkeeping. However, the blockchain is "decentralized", which allows every member of the system to participate in it, not only everyone bookkeeping, but also through links, Everyone can have a complete account book
"blockchain is essentially a collective recording mode. What's special is that it adopts a set of techniques in an ingenious way to realize the authenticity and credibility of the recorded results, which is difficult to destroy and tamper with. " Zhang Xiaorong said, "first, everyone has the right to record and authenticate with each other to distinguish the true from the false, which is called consensus mechanism; Second, no one can tamper with the records, because there are cryptographic signatures; Third, everyone has a , so even if some account books are damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in block mode according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain. "
various cryptocurrencies represented by bitcoin are originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be described as blockchain version 1.0. However, around 2014, the instry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain graally separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency
it has broad application prospects
blockchain technology is considered as a disruptive innovation after steam engine, electric power and Internet. If the steam engine and electricity liberate the proctivity, and the Internet has changed the way of information transmission, the blockchain, as a machine for building trust, may change the way of value transmission
for example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the RMB position transfer business from Hongkong Wing Lung Bank to Shenzhen Branch of Wing Lung Bank. This is the world's first interbank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology
in addition, according to the white paper 2016 on China's blockchain technology and application development issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology of China, the application of blockchain has been extended to medical and health, ecation, charity, social management and other fields. Taking the cultural instry as an example, the low cost of reproction, the high cost of safeguarding rights, and the difficulty of providing evidence make the protection of intellectual property rights a pain point for the instry. With blockchain, the proction, dissemination and transaction records of cultural procts are true, transparent and reliable, and the problem can be solved
Zhang Xiaorong said that blockchain technology has solved two major problems in the era of Digital Economy: one is the visible flow direction, and the other is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical paper money was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets had a "chain" to check. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the intellectual property center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it has truly completed the credit construction in an anonymous society, bringing new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible
there is a long way to go in the future development
in terms of technology promotion, there is no big barrier to blockchain, which has been confirmed in the global practice of bitcoin, and its main resistance comes from the obstacles in concept and implementation
"on the one hand, the society may be very concerned about the" naked "state in the blockchain. Blockchain has built a "Skynet" for the commercial society. The company's economic activities are all recorded, so there is no secret to speak of. In this way, some business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain. "
"on the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology, so how to put the emerging blockchain technology under the legal supervision needs to be studied." Duan Yongchao said
the core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the long-standing central management model. In addition to the law, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology, so that the technology can benefit the society and not be used to do evil, is also an urgent problem to be solved.
Five aspects of blockchain instry growth potential promote the healthy development of Technology Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet
some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries
the development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract
statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year
according to the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the proportion of investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) is more than 95%, with the joint investment of many instry pioneers, and most enterprises are still running around
statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018
data source: China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields
five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, promote the high-quality development of digital economy
1, in-depth study and grasp the development trend of blockchain technology and instry. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment
2. Strengthen the construction of core technology capacity of blockchain
establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain
3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain
encourage cross-border integration between blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out evaluation and detection of blockchain services, promote rich instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy
4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system
accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power"
5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development
support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professional talents needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises
the instrial scale is small, but the growth potential is huge
the blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that from 2017 to 2022, the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is estimated that all kinds of extended business based on blockchain will reach US $100 billion in 2020
instry application areas continue to expand
the financial instry takes the lead in the application of blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; Medical instry is an important area of blockchain application, which can better protect privacy, improve service quality and management efficiency; The demand of social authentication for blockchain is rising rapidly to solve the proof problem caused by information asymmetry; The application of blockchain technology in communication, supply chain and other fields is expanding rapidly
There is no doubt that blockchain has development prospects, and the necessary condition for development prospects is to enter the mainstream market
North America blockchain infrastructure the oan (former aion network) founder and CEO Matt spoke published an article entitled "in order to successfully enter the mainstream market, blockchain projects must" eat dog food "in Forbes on July 24, in which Matt mentioned his views on how blockchain should enter the mainstream market - & quot; Eat dog food
in the science and technology circle, there is a jargon called & quot; Eat dog food Dogfood (also known as eating your own dog food) refers to companies using their own procts and becoming users of their own procts. Many high growth companies (such as Microsoft, Facebook, Amazon, apple, Netflix and Google) also test their procts by "eating dog food" or help build credibility“ "Eat dog food" is often used to find and fix bugs, but it has another value: to create reliable use cases for the company's procts
this is worth learning from blockchain projects, because blockchain projects often hold & quot; Once built, they (users) will come naturally, which habitually leaves the responsibility of creating new and interesting blockchain applications to a third party
this attitude is very common, even the well-known blockchain summit consensus 2019 also held a conference entitled & quot; Once built, they (users) will naturally come: to build a global blockchain Center & quot; To discuss how governments around the world can make efforts to attract blockchain projects while balancing regulatory, investment and innovation needs
to be fair, this strategy may be effective for blockchains that only focus on people in the currency circle. For the security token, especially for the exchange represented by the transaction, it makes more sense - "supply creates demand" is the usual idea here, especially considering that the realization of these transactions requires the construction of complex infrastructure
in contrast, "eat dog food" is more likely to be adopted by blockchain project developers who seek mainstream audiences (such as those in financial instry, manufacturing and supply chain, identity management, etc.). If blockchain technology wants to enter these mainstream fields, blockchain companies must first "eat dog food". This can not only clearly prove that blockchain technology is feasible outside the coin circle, but also highlight that blockchain can not only optimize existing use cases, but also create new use cases
and the oan team has been adhering to this concept, and relying on the oan and aion's technology stack built over the years, it has developed a financial technology platform moves for independent workers
Matt said that in the development and development of moves, the team hopes that the relevant functions of the OAN blockchain network can be brought into full play, so it will focus on the following three aspects:
1. How to use the OAN blockchain network to improve the credit efficiency of the proct there are two main considerations to improve credit efficiency: 1) can we use the mechanism of the defi market to rece the cost of capital; 2) Can the blockchain technology be used to increase the external trust in the credit process of moves. Here, moves will form a mechanism of "pooling wisdom", so that everyone can contribute to recing credit risk and increasing the credibility of credit process, and may even develop a micro guarantee mechanism in the future. Therefore, users will be able to participate in the market established by the platform as borrowers, lenders or guarantors
specifically, by connecting moves with the oan network, and with the help of digital asset aion, a relationship of interest consistency is formed between procts and users, so that users can personally experience the success of moves procts and directly participate in the oan, a blockchain network supporting moves
3. How to create the first open system of financial reputation data with moves
this open system may become a substitute for traditional credit scores or related mechanisms. Over the years, banks and financial institutions have been using Equifax, Fico or other similar institutions' scores as risk indicators, and the moves team believes that the procts they are building will be a good start - the beginning of a more perfect and modern financial reputation system. This is a long-term goal
moves supports North American mainstream carpooling, take out and other casual work economic platforms, and will be the flagship open application developed by the oan on its blockchain network. In June, moves expanded its operations from Ontario to Alberta and British Columbia into western Canada
all the initiatives of the oan team adhere to the spirit of "eating dog food" and strive to make blockchain technology enter the mainstream market as soon as possible. Blockchain is not for the minority, but for the mainstream. In addition to the oan team, many projects and institutions in the blockchain instry are also aiming at this goal. Can you say that such an excellent and targeted blockchain has no development prospects
blockchain is the underlying system of distributed ledger in bitcoin. Bitcoin ledgers are built in a distributed and spontaneous way. Anyone can generate new currency blocks by performing specific cryptographic calculations, so as to obtain a digital "currency" that can be used for transactions. Bitcoin's impact on the world monetary system can be said to be subversive, which is also an important reason why it has attracted a lot of people's strong attention since it came out. After that, there were dozens of similar electronic currencies such as
"lightcoin". The abstract extraction of distributed digital currency technology from bitcoin forms a "blockchain" technology, which can be used in more fields
the basic idea of blockchain is to establish a network-based public ledger (data block), each block contains the information of a network transaction. All the participating users in the network work together to keep accounts and check accounts. All the data are open and transparent, and can be used to verify the effectiveness of the information. In this way, the authenticity and non tamperability of information can be guaranteed at the technical level without the central server as the trust intermediary
the significance of blockchain lies in "decentralization", which can fundamentally solve the fraud and rent-seeking phenomenon in value exchange and transfer by building a more reliable network system. With the popularization of blockchain technology, the digital economy will be more authentic, and the economic society will become more fair and transparent
not only digital currency, but also blockchain technology is infiltrating into more innovative fields.
virtual digital currency such as bitcoin is just an application scenario of blockchain technology. Theoretically speaking, based on the characteristics of blockchain technology, human beings can create a very rich form of services and procts, such as finance, government, enterprises, etc There are a large number of scenarios suitable for blockchain technology in cross instry and other fields, with broad prospects. At present, many countries around the world have started the research of blockchain technology, and a series of instry organizations and alliances have been established. However, as blockchain technology is a brand-new technology, which subverts the traditional centralized mode, major institutions are still in the research stage, with only a small number of actual projects landing, and the great development of the instry has just begun
now, blockchain economy is on the eve of outbreak. The exploration of financial instry is ahead of others, while the application of other instries is developing rapidly. The obvious advantage of blockchain instry application is to optimize business process, rece operation cost and improve collaborative efficiency. This advantage has been graally reflected in financial services, Internet of things, public services, social welfare and supply chain management
as the backbone of emerging technologies, blockchain is not only used in the field of virtual currency, but also in other fields such as finance, medical care, intellectual property certification, etc. a large number of excellent enterprises have emerged in China to explore or enter the blockchain instry. According to the in-depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry released by foresight Instry Research Institute, as of the end of 2016, there were 105 blockchain related enterprises in China, 80% of which were concentrated in eastern coastal cities, including Shanghai, Hangzhou and Taipei
from the perspective of global blockchain technology application development, as of April 2017, financial service companies accounted for 55.43% of the 267 blockchain venture capital companies; From the perspective of the Chinese market, 34 of the top 50 blockchain venture capital companies in 2016 are involved in financial services, mainly in cross-border payment, bill discounting and financial service platform<
analysis of the development trend of blockchain
the combination of blockchain and cloud computing is more and more close, and baas is expected to become a public trust infrastructure
cloud computing is the general trend. We believe that the combination of blockchain and cloud is also an inevitable trend. There are two modes for the combination of blockchain and cloud, one is blockchain in the cloud, the other is blockchain in the cloud. The latter, namely baas, blockchain-as-a-service, refers to that the cloud service providers directly provide blockchain as a service to users. In the future, more and more cloud service enterprises will integrate blockchain technology into the ecological environment of cloud computing. By providing baas function, they can effectively rece the deployment cost of enterprise application blockchain and rece the initial threshold of innovation and entrepreneurship
the security problem of blockchain has become increasingly prominent, and security protection needs the overall consideration of technology and management
blockchain system is almost perfect mathematically, with the advantages of openness and transparency, difficult to tamper, reliable encryption, anti DDoS attack, etc. However, from the engineering point of view, its security is still restricted by infrastructure, system design, operation management, privacy protection and technology update iteration. In the future, we need to consider the overall situation of technology and management, strengthen basic research and overall protection, so as to ensure the application security
the competition of blockchain is becoming increasingly fierce, and patent competition has become an important field of competition
with the increase of participants, the competition of blockchain will become more and more fierce, and the competition is all-round, including technology, mode, patent and other dimensions. We believe that in the future, enterprises will strengthen the layout of blockchain patents. Since 2014, the number of blockchain patent applications has grown explosively. Blockchain patents are mainly distributed in the United States in North America, the United Kingdom in Europe, China and South Korea in Asia, and this pattern will be maintained in the future. The patent gap between China and the United States is narrowing, and the number of applications in China in 2016 has surpassed that in the United States. It can be predicted that the patent competition of blockchain will become increasingly fierce in the future
with the acceleration of domestic policy process, the development of the instry ushers in a new opportunity
blockchain has attracted attention from all walks of life e to its core advantages of high performance, high security, high-speed access, efficient operation and so on. In the context of the rapid development of blockchain, China conforms to the needs of globalization, closely follows the international pace, and actively promotes the research, standardization and instrialization development of domestic blockchain related fields
trustworthiness is the core requirement of blockchain, and the importance of standards and specifications is becoming increasingly prominent
in the future value delivery network based on blockchain, we will completely use algorithms and software to build the trust foundation. However, we believe that this is far from enough, and we need the standard to increase the credibility of the blockchain. In the future, the standard of blockchain will standardize the technology and governance of blockchain from the perspective of users, business oriented, and from the dimensions of smart contract, consensus mechanism, private key security, and authority management, so as to enhance the credibility of blockchain and add weight to the trust of blockchain.
if you look at the problem with the thinking of 30 years ago, you will think that others are crazy, but in fact you are out of date
the concept of blockchain can be traced back to the end of 2008. In the forum, a mysterious personage named "Nakamoto Tsung" published a paper "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system" and proposed the concept of blockchain for the first time
on January 3, 2009, the first block of the blockchain was born, which is called the "Founding block"
almost with the birth of blockchain technology, bitcoin became the first thing to play its role. In the following years, bitcoin graally swept the world. In 2017, its crazy market made blockchain technology known to all
the idea of blockchain first appeared in the famous bitcoin open source project. In the process of its birth and development, bitcoin project draws on the technical achievements from digital currency, cryptography, game theory, distributed system, cybernetics and other fields. It can be said that bitcoin project is good at all. As its core supporting structure, blockchain technology is a remarkable innovation achievement
blockchain is a distributed database system with different nodes, which is an open ledger system<
three characteristics of blockchain
compared with the traditional centralized scheme, blockchain technology mainly has the following three characteristics:
the core idea of blockchain is decentralization
in the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any node are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote with computing power, Thus, the result recognized by more than half of the nodes is guaranteed. Even under serious hacker attacks, as long as the number of nodes controlled by hackers does not exceed half of the total number of nodes in the world, the system can still operate normally and the data will not be tampered with
block chain's biggest subversive is the establishment of credit
the collective maintenance of blockchain can rece the cost
in the centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system depend on the operation and operation of platforms such as data center, and the cost cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. Each node can verify the correctness of the results of other nodes' records while participating in the records, which improves the maintenance efficiency and reces the cost
in a word, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental basis for human survival< Its development has gone through three stages
1. Brewing period: from 2009 to 2012, bitcoin and its instrial ecology are the main economic forms
2. Embryonic period: from 2012 to 2015, with bitcoin entering the public view, new wallet payment and remittance companies appeared, and blockchain economy spread to the financial field. The underlying technology of blockchain is constantly innovated. Blockchain technology is separated from bitcoin system
3. Development period: in 2016, we began to explore instry applications, and a large number of blockchain start-ups appeared. The popularity of ICO in 2017 has given blockchain unprecedented attention
"blockchain 2.0 era" is coming
the application service layer is the driving force for the sustainable development of blockchain, which is divided into three stages of application: 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0
programmable currency: blockchain 1.0 application
programmable currency is the digital currency represented by bitcoin, but it is not the legal tender of any country or region, and there is no government authority to provide guarantee for it
programmable Finance: blockchain 2.0 application& quot; Smart contract& quot; Using program algorithm to replace the concept of contract execution. This enables blockchain to expand from the original monetary system to the registration and transfer of equity, creditor's rights and property rights, the transaction and execution of securities and financial contracts, and even the financial fields of gambling and anti-counterfeiting
programmable Society: blockchain 3.0 application
blockchain is the core of value Internet, which can confirm, measure and store the property rights of information and bytes representing value in each Internet. It can not only record the transactions of the financial instry, but also record almost anything valuable that can be expressed in the form of code. Its application can be extended to any field with demand, and then to the whole society
at present, the application of blockchain has begun to surpass bitcoin (blockchain 1.0), enter the era of blockchain 1.5, and transition to the financial field (blockchain 2.0)
in the next 3-5 years, blockchain may go beyond the financial field and enter the field of social notarization and intelligence (blockchain 3.0), including identity authentication, notarization, arbitration, audit, domain name, logistics, medical care, mail, visa, voting and other fields. Its application scope will be expanded to the whole society, and blockchain technology is likely to become a new technology& quot; All things are connected& quot; It's the lowest level protocol
at present, blockchain technology has been recognized by the world, and its development has become an inevitable trend. Accompanied by more people's attention, "in the next 30 years, new technologies will be integrated into all aspects of traditional instries, and human society will turn upside down. No matter who you are, no matter where you are, all of us will be a part of this great change."
this is the current situation. Blockchain has given the post-90s an opportunity. However, if you want to control blockchain technology without being affected by negative factors, the most important thing is to have a clear understanding of it, whether it is regulators, researchers, speculators or bystanders
it's time to devote more energy to blockchain technology
in China, the average annual salary of blockchain positions has reached more than 300000, and that of some enterprises has reached more than 1 million. The monthly salary of blockchain instry graates in Beijing, Shanghai and other places has exceeded 20K! If the post-90s seize the bonus of the times, they may become the next Alibaba in the future! If you miss it, you may regret it for ten years.
in 2019, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will be close to US $300 million
according to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry , released by foresight Instry Research Institute, as of 2017, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market is only US $83 million. In 2018, the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will reach US $160 million. It is predicted that the expenditure scale of China's blockchain market will be close to US $300 million in 2019. At this stage, the overall market scale of blockchain is small, because most blockchain projects in the market are in the trial stage, with little investment. On the other hand, many enterprises have realized the potential of blockchain and plan to increase the budget in the future. Affected by this, China's blockchain market will usher in rapid growth. It is estimated that the market expenditure will reach US $1.95 billion by 2023, and the average annual compound growth rate will be 60.51% from 2019 to 2023
statistics and forecast of China's blockchain market expenditure scale from 2017 to 2023
data source: Analysis on adverse factors of China's blockchain development sorted out by the prospective instry research institute
1. Immature technology. At present, blockchain technology is not mature in system stability, application security, business model, etc., which can not meet the requirements of "high efficiency and low energy", "decentralization" and "security" at the same time. First, performance. The transaction throughput that can be carried out on the blockchain is not high, and the current block capacity is very small, which leads to network congestion, and it is difficult to meet the needs of high-frequency business. Many projects are also starting to optimize, but there is still a certain distance from the transaction throughput of real scenes such as banks and stock exchanges. Second, consensus mechanism. In terms of energy consumption, consensus algorithms such as workload proof consume a lot of energy and cost, which makes blockchain waste a lot of network computing power and pairing power; In terms of types, there are too few types of blockchain consensus mechanisms at present. In the future diversified business scenarios, more abundant consensus mechanisms are necessary to adapt. Third, security. Privacy protection, harmful information on the chain, smart contract vulnerability, consensus mechanism and private key protection, computing power attack, cryptography algorithm security and other issues make the blockchain face a severe situation of platform security and application security. Fourth, the database problem. Different from traditional databases, blockchain applications require a lot of write operations, hash calculation and verification operations. The database system for blockchain is still a difficult point to break through
2. Unclear application scenarios
currently, the blockchain project is still in the exploration stage, and no specific landing scenarios can be found. At present, the more promising fields are finance, sharing economy, Internet of things, public services, etc., but from the perspective of the existing blockchain technology maturity, there are still many problems in the application of blockchain, and there is still a gap from the actual use. First, the immaturity of blockchain technology restricts the implementation of commercial applications. At present, although there are many kinds of blockchain core technologies such as privacy protection algorithm and consensus mechanism, they generally do not have commercial availability. Second, the application mode of blockchain is still in exploration, and the "irreplaceable" advantage of blockchain has not been reflected. Blockchain itself represents a consensus system, so we should build a consensus system in line with the corresponding business scenarios from a higher level, rather than just "business + blockchain". There are many users in China, and the business scenario is complex. Moreover, any commercial proct will involve a very large flow and population. The current blockchain technology can not meet the demand
3, lack of professional talents
blockchain technology is a multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, which mainly involves operating system, network communication, cryptography, mathematics, finance, proction and so on. However, at present, there are still deficiencies in interdisciplinary and fields in China, and the supply of talents in related fields is seriously insufficient. On the one hand, there is a large gap of R & D technical talents. Blockchain technology research and development mainly focuses on go, JavaScript, C and C + programming languages, and new smart contracts use Haskell, Ocaml, rhoang and other new functional programming languages. In China's talent market, there is a big gap for technical talents with senior R & D experience in relevant languages. On the other hand, there is a lack of bottom design talents. Different from R & D technical talents, blockchain bottom system architecture designers need to master a number of interdisciplinary professional skills, not only to deeply understand the block chain bottom design principle, but also to have the system architecture design experience, but also to master the business logic of specific application scenarios. Although some colleges and universities have launched interdisciplinary ecation and blockchain special skills discipline setting, professional talents are still very scarce
analysis of favorable factors for China's blockchain development. In January 2017, the Ministry of instry and information technology issued the development plan of software and information technology service instry (2016-2020), which proposed that the innovation in blockchain and other fields should reach the international advanced level. In August 2017, the State Council issued the guidance on further expanding and upgrading information consumption and continuously releasing the potential of domestic demand, proposing to carry out the pilot application of new technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence. In October 2017, the State Council issued the guidance on actively promoting the innovation and application of supply chain, which proposed to study the use of blockchain, artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies to establish a credit evaluation mechanism based on supply chain
in March 2018, the Ministry of instry and information technology (MIIT) issued the key points for standardization of informatization and software service instry in 2018, proposing to promote the establishment of the national informatization and instrialization Integration Management Standardization Technical Committee, and the national blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology Standardization Committee. In June 2018, the Ministry of instry and information technology issued the instrial Internet development action plan (2018-2020) to encourage the application and research of emerging cutting-edge technologies such as edge computing, deep learning and blockchain in the instrial Internet
since the blockchain was listed in the 13th five year plan for national informatization for the first time in 2016, the national government has paid more and more attention to the blockchain. 24 provinces and cities or regions, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guizhou, Gansu and Hainan, have launched dividend policies to carry out the layout of the blockchain instry chain, Actively explore instry applications based on blockchain
At present, China's blockchain technology continues to innovate, and the blockchain instry graally takes shape, and has begun to be applied in supply chain finance, credit reference, proct traceability, right trading, digital identity, electronic evidence and other fields, which is expected to promote China's economic system to achieve technological change, organizational change and efficiency change, To make important contributions to the construction of a modern economic system. With the continuous influx of entrepreneurs and capital, the number of enterprises is increasing rapidly. The application of blockchain will accelerate the landing, boost the high-quality development of traditional instries, accelerate the instrial transformation and upgrading, use blockchain technology to "rece costs" and "improve efficiency" for the real economy, and boost the standardized development of traditional instries. In addition, blockchain technology is becoming a new business form and a new driving force for economic development. Blockchain technology is promoting a new round of business model reform and becoming an important support for building a social system of integrity In the past, the circulation of physical banknotes was difficult to trace, but with the application of blockchain technology, the flow of all digital assets will have a "chain" to check. For example, in the financial field, blockchain is expected to solve the pain points and difficulties in the payment field, rece the complexity of transactions, improve the end-to-end speed of transactions, rece the communication cost in the transaction process, and improve the transparency and non tamperability of transaction records. The cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement among financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution among financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In addition, the application of blockchain will also extend to many fields, such as health care, ecation, charity, social management and so on. The market prospect is very broad2. An account set has only one functional currency. If you want to record multiple currencies in the transaction processing layer, use MRC; If it is not needed, it can be realized with conversion function or account set consolidation function
3. Of course, foreign exchange adjustment is for the reporting currency, so the report of each reporting currency should be the result of revaluation.
Renren blockchain technology services
blockchain has the ability to innovate trade, transaction and business processes
the two basic concepts supporting blockchain are "business network" and "account book" -- it is thanks to these two concepts that blockchain can become a wise and unchangeable way of trade, transaction and business process execution
network members exchange various assets through an account book that can be accessed by all members. When the network synchronizes the account book, all members need to confirm the transaction of tangible or intangible assets. This shared view helps to establish legitimacy and transparency, even when the parties are not familiar with each other
blockchain can improve visibility and trust in business
by providing visibility to all participants, blockchain can rece transaction settlement time from days or weeks to seconds. The technology can also eliminate the intermediate third party that is usually needed to verify transactions in the past, so as to rece the excessive cost
because blockchain is built on the concept of trust, it can help enterprises rece the risk of illegal behavior on the payment network, thus helping to rece fraud and cyber crime
speed, cost, efficiency and transparency are the most important advantages of blockchain within enterprises and in the company ecosystem where trade activities are carried out. It is precisely because of such advantages that far sighted enterprises are more looking forward to using blockchain technology to innovate infrastructure and better carry out business
the value of blockchain development lies in the growth of the ecosystem
as a business network, blockchain can accommodate a variety of different types of participants. According to the number of participants in the blockchain network, the value of the assets exchanged, and the need to authorize members with different credentials, the adopters of blockchain technology should pay attention to the differences between "licensed" and "unlicensed" blockchain networks
when these business networks continue to expand, the real value of blockchain will be realized. With a strong ecosystem, business networks can reach critical scale more easily, enabling users to build new business models and innovate transaction processes.