Commercial value of blockchain Technology

1. blockchain instry has great growth potential. Five aspects promote the healthy development of technology. Blockchain basic situation analysis blockchain technology, as a technical solution for collective maintenance of a reliable database in a decentralized way, has the characteristics of decentralization, tamper proof, highly scalable, etc., and is becoming a new technology following big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet. Some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the research and development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries. The development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract. Statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year since 2016, the frequency and amount of investment and financing in China's blockchain field have increased sharply. According to the statistical data of "in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry" released by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year. Judging from the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) account for more than 95%. There are many instry pioneers participating in the investment together, and most enterprises are still in the race. Statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collated the statistical analysis of Chinese blockchain enterprises and registered capital. In 2013 and before, there were only 26 blockchain related enterprises registered in China. In 2016, 116 blockchain enterprises were registered, 158 were registered in 2017, and 52 were registered from January to the end of June 2018. In terms of registered capital, there are 26 enterprises in China whose registered capital is less than 1 million yuan, accounting for about 6%; 197 companies have registered capital between 1 million yuan and 9.99 million yuan, accounting for about 46%; There are 171 companies with registered capital between 10 million yuan and 100 million yuan, accounting for about 40%; There are 31 companies with more than 100 million yuan, accounting for about 7%. Statistics on the enterprises and registered capital of China's blockchain enterprises from January to June 2013-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collates the statistics of China's blockchain enterprises in terms of regions and fields. Among the 425 blockchain enterprises, 385 enterprises are gathered in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Jiangsu, accounting for 90% of the total. Among them, Beijing has the largest number of enterprises, accounting for about 37% of the country. In terms of instry, China's blockchain enterprises are mainly distributed in the fields of finance, bottom public chain, enterprise services, technical solutions, data services, health care, Internet of things, transportation, games, etc. Among them, 91 enterprises are engaged in the financial field, accounting for more than 21%. China's blockchain enterprise field distribution statistics data source: prospective instry research institute collates that China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields. Five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, and promote the high-quality development of digital economy. 1. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment. 2. Strengthen the construction of blockchain core technology capabilities. Establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain. 3. Support the development of entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain, encourage the cross-border integration of blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out blockchain service evaluation and testing, promote the enrichment of instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of entity economy. 4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system, accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power". 5. We will accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development, support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professionals needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises. The instrial scale is small but the growth potential is huge. The blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion between 2017 and 2022

2.

The most significant applications are

1. Think about using blockchain in enterprise applications to provide more flexible, safe and efficient business processes and distributed, independent markets. Blockchain allows asset owners to track and trade valuable things, such as outstanding invoices, on a transaction "chain" that is more secure, transparent, private and self-coordinating. This capability improves the speed and flexibility of cash and asset management. For example, you are afraid to buy fake things, because a manufacturer transfers proction to several middlemen, and then you buy through middlemen, not manufacturers. If all the data is distributed, point-to-point and transparent, you can buy and pay directly from the manufacturer

The automation market of other assets will be diversified. In essence, because the software itself is controlled and open architecture, and visible to all transaction participants, the transaction based on blockchain can rece the demand for third-party supervision. If the enterprise can publish the value information to multiple potential buyers, and for all buyers, the content can be trusted and visible, and the seller can't sell again, then an open and transparent competitive environment will be formed when purchasing, and the seller can get better prices

3. Rece business transaction friction. Managing spending is a challenge for most organizations. However, blockchain enables enterprises to create self-management networks for suppliers and partners, realize contract automation, real-time payment, tracking of goods transportation, and visibility of the whole supply chain. For example, if a company uses refrigerated containers to transport perishable goods, when the container temperature exceeds a certain threshold, the IOT sensor on the truck may call the smart contract on the blockchain. This will cause the corresponding order to be cancelled, and it will also be able to automatically create a new order, so that a second batch of goods can be sent immediately. Trucks with faulty refrigeration equipment can also go to the repair Office for repair

This kind of network can rece transaction errors and information omission by recing or eliminating human-computer interaction. Moreover, by connecting buyers and sellers directly, transactions can become faster. Manage and secure decentralized private records. Its traditional instry practice is to rely on a third party, using firewalls and restricted access to protect their shared information database. And frequent data leakage events show that this approach is not very ideal. A fundamental advantage of blockchain is that each indivial data record or element is encrypted by the key of a blockchain member. Cybercrime may need to obtain each key of each member in order to access all the blockchain data. This is not to say that blockchain can guarantee 100% security of all data, which helps to rece the possibility of exposure of a large number of private records

5. A reasonable application is the record of employees or students. Employers, ecational institutions and even instry certification bodies can add new qualifications, grades or work places when necessary. Imagine giving employees a key to access all their employee records as part of a secure blockchain containing human resources. Indivials can safely share their university transcripts or employment history with other companies or ecational institutions without relying on unreliable and easily falsified faxes. Trace the origin of procts and raw materials. Blockchain can help ensure proct quality and safety by simplifying the tracking and positioning of procts and raw materials in use. For example, if an automobile manufacturer forms a quality centered blockchain including parts suppliers, parts assemblers, quality control suppliers and public management organizations (such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). Then the recall process of defective parts will be faster. It makes sense to think that thousands of people die every year because of defective car parts

6. Verify identity, verify published information and data. Create a better user control mechanism. Nowadays, user information is easy to be manipulated, distributed to third parties, or even sold, so as to create revenue streams for owners of social media platforms, which will never be shared with users of information. Blockchain can disrupt all of these activities. It allows users to control their own information and its exact location. No platform can be accessed without permission. Users can decide who can access their information. They can deal directly with advertisers and third parties according to their choice, rather than like others. Moreover, users can choose to share their information with advertisers on any platform for a fee

to sum up, blockchain is a kind of chained data structure that combines data blocks in chronological order in a sequential way, and it can not be tampered with and forged by cryptography. In a broad sense, blockchain technology uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access A new distributed infrastructure and computing method (reference network) for programming and operating data by using intelligent contract composed of automated script code

Application in finance

three major applications of blockchain technology

1. Application of blockchain technology in asset securitization field

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in recent years, The domestic asset securitization (ABS) instry is developing rapidly. At the same time, the problems of asset cash flow management need to be improved, the transparency and efficiency of underlying asset supervision need to be improved, the efficiency of asset transaction settlement is low, and the cost of credit enhancement is high are graally exposed. In order to apply blockchain technology in ABS field, participants need to build ABS blockchain alliance, which is composed of asset side, pre ABS investor, SPV (trust), escrow bank, manager, intermediary, ABS investor and exchange. Its core business includes fund transaction reconciliation, transaction file management, data interaction interface, information release and sharing, underlying asset management, intelligent ABS workflow and so on. Blockchain application can at least empower ABS instry in the following five aspects

To improve the cash flow management of ABS< Second, it is concive to penetrating supervision
thirdly, it can improve the settlement efficiency of financial assets< (4) the efficiency and transparency of securities trading will be greatly enhanced
fifthly, it can rece the transfer cost of credit enhancement

2. Application of blockchain technology in insurance instry. However, with the tightening of regulatory policies on medium and short-term survival procts, the business scale of universal insurance has declined significantly. In the aspect of insurance proct design, blockchain is concive to promoting the breakthrough and rapid development of customized insurance categories, such as agricultural insurance and proct quality insurance

quality insurance can endorse the reputation of enterprises and protect the rights and interests of consumers. However, insurance companies need to make a comprehensive evaluation of enterprises and procts to underwrite quality insurance, but these data are often difficult to collect truly and effectively, which restricts the development of quality insurance. The establishment of proct traceability and anti-counterfeiting application platform based on the underlying technology of blockchain can help insurance companies easily trace the information of proct proction, processing, sales, purchase, complaints and other links through the platform, so as to effectively judge the incidence of quality defects of related procts, formulate insurance procts, and promote consumption upgrading and instrial upgrading


in insurance sales, the application of blockchain technology can simplify the sales process, save the sales cost and realize the traceability of insurance sales. From the perspective of insurance companies, when willing policyholders purchase insurance policies through channels, channel providers uniformly send policyholders' information to the blockchain platform. The platform judges whether willing policyholders are in the white list according to the distributed storage information. If they meet the standards, they will accept the purchase request, which saves the tedious process of manual transmission, acceptance, review and feedback. From the perspective of consumers, blockchain technology can realize the traceability of insurance sales behavior and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The insurance sales market has been in chaos, and the phenomenon of false publicity of insurance procts through deception, concealment or incement has been repeatedly prohibited. Blockchain technology can link the key actions of each link of insurance sales, and realize the traceability of the whole process of sales actions, so as to standardize the insurance sales behavior and promote the sustained, healthy and stable development of the instry

in the insurance claim process, the application of blockchain technology can improve the claim efficiency and customer experience. Claim and loss handling process is an important process in insurance market. The complex claim process increases the cost, reces the claim efficiency and affects the customer experience. Smart contract technology can simplify the claim submission process, rece the need for manual review and shorten the processing cycle. At the same time, it is easier to identify suspicious behaviors through the historical claims and asset source records in the distributed ledger
in the field of insurance anti fraud, the application of blockchain technology can effectively prevent the occurrence of insurance fraud. Insurance fraud not only erodes the profits of insurance companies, but also damages the legitimate rights and interests of other insurance consumers. Although every insurance company has made a lot of efforts in anti fraud, the reality is still grim. Blockchain technology can at least help the insurance instry alleviate or even resolve this stubborn disease in the following two aspects. First, establish anti fraud sharing platform to rece fraud and strengthen evaluation through historical claim information; The second is to establish "unique and identifiable identity information" by using reliable data sources and coded business rules, so as to prevent false use of identity

3. The application of blockchain technology in the field of asset custody
in recent years, the global asset custody instry has entered the fast lane of rapid development, and the scale of Custody Assets and main custody procts have maintained rapid growth., However, there is still a certain gap between this scale and the international advanced peers, and there is still a large space for the development of China's asset custody instry

the application of intelligent contract technology in blockchain can effectively solve the operational risk in asset custody business. We can optimize the business process of asset custody from the following aspects: first, we realize the automation of the whole process, encapsulate the business instruction judgment and execution rules into the smart contract, use the smart contract execution and provide risk tips; The second is to improve the process efficiency, the real-time sharing of asset change, transaction details and other information among the asset consignor, manager, trustee and agent, eliminating the process of repeated verification and right confirmation; The third is to ensure the security of the performance and the authenticity of the transaction. By setting the key, the formal information of the participants, the limited visibility of the account information and the verifiability of the transaction are guaranteed; The fourth is to ensure that the information can not be tampered with, and put the compliance verification requirements of the investment plan on the blockchain to ensure that each transaction is completed on the basis of consensus


at present, bitcoin is the most closely related to blockchain. If you want to learn more about bitcoin blockchain, you can follow some new media. For example, Sohu, Baijia, mustard circle and so on. Foreign websites, such as CCN, coindesk, etc., all have huge applications

3. At present, blockchain is leading the trend of the economic market in various Internet instries, and it is more significant in the medical field. In addition, e to high rendancy, impossibility of tampering, low cost and the ability to manage multi signature complex permissions, blockchain may be the best data storage scheme that human beings can find at present. Medical institutions are using blockchain technology to realize the confidentiality of patients' privacy information
take the PPT big health protection ecological platform on the market as an example:
five applications of blockchain in the medical field:
1. In the aspect of EHR medical treatment, the main application of blockchain is the preservation of personal medical records, which can be understood as the electronic medical records on the blockchain. If you think of the medical record as an account book, originally it is in the hands of various hospitals, and the patients themselves do not master it, so the patients have no way to obtain their own medical records and historical information, which will cause great trouble for the patients to seek medical treatment, because the doctors can not fully understand your medical records. But now, if we can use blockchain technology to save, there will be historical data of personal medical care. Whether we see a doctor or plan for our own health, there will be historical data to use. The real master of this data is the patient himself, not a hospital or a third-party organization
2. DNA wallet gene and medical data can be safely stored by using blockchain technology and obtained by using private key, which will form a DNA wallet. This enables healthcare providers to share and count patient data safely, and helps pharmaceutical companies develop drugs more efficiently. And this model is graally being established
3. The development of bitcoin payment blockchain technology promotes bitcoin payment and gives patients more choices for insurance payment. Although it also depends on the development of bitcoin in the market, the insurance companies that provide this way also have greater advantages than their competitors. For health insurance companies, blockchain is being established as a part of financial services
4. Drug anti-counterfeiting is similar to coding anti-counterfeiting technology. For drugs using blockchain technology, there is a scraped surface on the surface of drug packaging box, and a special verification label under it, which is compared with blockchain technology to ensure the legitimacy of drugs
5. Protein folding e to the rapid process of protein folding, Stanford University previously relied on very expensive supercomputers to simulate the protein folding process. This approach is obviously expensive and has a single point of failure. By using blockchain, they can choose to use a huge distributed network for high-speed computing. This example will greatly attract other companies that use expensive supercomputers. With the development of medical technology, medical data is playing a more and more important role in the aspects of patient identity background, past medical history, and medical payment records. Medical data may be a person's most private data, but e to network operation errors or hacker attacks and other problems, in the past, these personal privacy data were leaked on a large scale. For example, anthem once leaked 80 million patient and employee records, and UCLA health once leaked 4.5 million patient data. The medical convenience brought by blockchain includes: as more and more health and preventive care are provided in a virtual environment, such as at home, at work and so on. Open and viable tracking, validation, and care delivery will become very important for patients, payers, suppliers, scientists, and regulators. The development of these new ohh blockchains in the clinical community will prepare for the study of patients' behavior, and for the important data access of supplier reimbursement, rule compliance, security monitoring and patient compliance in the future. Blockchain is a near perfect technology (not necessarily implemented at present). It can easily and safely access ooh data while protecting the maximum privacy, and rece the interest risk of all patients, including patients themselves, families, caregivers, clinics, suppliers, insurance companies and all stakeholders related to patients' health.

4. 1. When building a set of accounts
2. An account set has only one functional currency. If you want to record multiple currencies in the transaction processing layer, use MRC; If it is not needed, it can be realized with conversion function or account set consolidation function
3. Of course, foreign exchange adjustment is for the reporting currency, so the report of each reporting currency should be the result of revaluation.

5. Currency information network is a personal favorite website

6. You're right. Your basic attack is too high, so it's not obvious. But how high is your basic attack after 20W sword dance? Second, attribute enhancement has no effect on weapon enhancement ignoring damage, that is to say, playing strong will rece the effect of weapon enhancement

7. In many cases of blockchain commercial application, we can always see the word baas. Baas is the abbreviation of blockchain as a service, which is translated into "blockchain as a service" in Chinese
blockchain baas should have the ability to quickly establish its own development environment and provide a series of operation services such as search and query, transaction submission and data analysis based on blockchain. Ordinary small enterprises can't do it. If you want to find a larger scale, you can cooperate with Renren chain before. I hope it can help you.