The guiding ideology of the application of blockchain Technology
From the perspective of technology and architecture, I will tell you my understanding of blockchain in common language
what is blockchain? In a word, blockchain is a storage system. To be more specific, blockchain is a distributed storage system without an administrator and each node has all the data
What are the common storage systems like
first, how to ensure high availability
the common storage system usually uses "rendancy" to solve the problem of high availability. As shown in the figure above, if the data can be copied into several copies and rendant to multiple places, high availability can be guaranteed. The data in one place is hung, and there is data in other places. For example, the master-slave cluster of MySQL is the same principle, and the raid of disk is also the same principle
two points need to be emphasized in this place are: data rendancy often leads to consistency problems
1. For example, in the master-slave cluster of MySQL, there is actually a delay in reading and writing, which means there is a inconsistency in reading and writing in a short period of time. This is a side effect of data rendancy
The second point is that data rendancy often reces the efficiency of writing, because data synchronization also consumes resources. If you add two slave libraries, the write efficiency will be affected. The common storage system is to use rendancy to ensure the high availability of dataso the second question, ordinary storage system, can write more
the answer is yes, for example, take this graph as an example:
in fact, MySQL can do a master-slave synchronization of al masters, master-slave synchronization of al masters, two nodes can be written at the same time. If you want to do a multi room multi live data center, in fact, multi room multi live data synchronization. What we should emphasize here is that multi-point writing often leads to the consistency problem of writing conflicts. Take MySQL as an example, suppose that the attribute of a table is self incrementing ID, then the data in the database is 1234 now. If one of the nodes writes and inserts a piece of data, it may become 5, and then these 5 pieces of data are synchronized to another master node, Before synchronization, if another write node inserts a piece of data, a piece of data with self incrementing ID of 5 will be generated. Then, after the generation, synchronize to another node, and the synchronized data will conflict with the two local 5's after it arrives, which will lead to synchronization failure and write consistency conflict. This problem will occur in the case of multi-point writing
how to ensure consistency in multi-point writing
the reform "Swan class" gives you more technical work
1. Blockchain is a distributed database (system) placed in a non secure environment
2. The blockchain uses cryptography to ensure that the existing data cannot be tampered with
3, the blockchain uses consensus algorithm to reach consensus on new data
the system with the above three properties is blockchain.
the channels concive to citizens' political participation are more convenient and smooth, and citizens' rights to know, participate, express and supervise are guaranteed. Promote the development of socialist democratic politics
it is concive to strengthen the supervision of state organs and staff through blockchain technology. We should urge them to change their functions and better safeguard the interests of the people
it's not easy to summarize. I hope you can adopt it.
Blockchain technology has been used in many instries, to give a few simple examples:
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Jingdong Logistics creates a blockchain traceability platform with one click traceability
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blockchain technology applies e-bills to view all medical bills with one click
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Shenzhen took the lead in launching the online loan voting system by using the block chain system deposit technology
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Wal Mart joined the blockchain alliance mediledger to trace the source of drugs
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more applications of blockchain technology can be found in cryptography< br />
From the perspective of technology and architecture, I will tell you my understanding of blockchain in common language
what is blockchain? In a word, blockchain is a storage system. To be more specific, blockchain is a distributed storage system without an administrator and each node has all the data
What are the common storage systems like
as shown in the figure above, the bottom is data, and the top can write data. A space to store data, a software to manage data, provide an interface to write data, this is the storage system. For example, MySQL is the most common storage system
What are the problems of ordinary storage system? There are at least two common problems
the first is the problem of non high availability. There is a dangerous place for data. In technical terms, data is not highly available
The second problem is that there is only one write point. In technical terms, it is a single point of control
How do ordinary storage systems usually solve these two problems
in fact, MySQL can do a master-slave synchronization of al master, master-slave synchronization of al master, two nodes can be written at the same time. If you want to do a multi room multi live data center, in fact, multi room multi live data synchronization. What we should emphasize here is that multi-point writing often leads to the consistency problem of writing conflicts. Take MySQL as an example, suppose that the attribute of a table is self incrementing ID, then the data in the database is 1234 now. If one of the nodes writes and inserts a piece of data, it may become 5, and then these 5 pieces of data are synchronized to another master node, Before synchronization, if another write node inserts a piece of data, a piece of data with self incrementing ID of 5 will be generated. Then, after the generation, synchronize to another node, and the synchronized data will conflict with the two local 5's after it arrives, which will lead to synchronization failure and write consistency conflict. This problem will occur in the case of multi-point writing
how to ensure consistency in multi-point writing
the reform "Swan class" gives you more technical work
take trading activities as an example. In the past, the two sides who did not trust each other usually chose an intermediary to guarantee a transaction. In the mobile Internet era, we chose Taobao shopping because Alipay provided us with an intermediate guarantee. We chose to drop dripping because it provided us with information matching.
however, these intermediaries are centralized and have their own interests. Sometimes they are not so reliable and trustworthy. Theoretically, Alipay's centralization of accounting has been artificially falsified. Part of the reason for Didi's troubles is that they only think from their own standpoint
what blockchain does is the machine of trust, which replaces the role of trust intermediary with code, ensures the fairness and justice of the whole system through consensus mechanism and distributed accounting, and provides a trust without trust
for example, in the future, people can abandon the intermediate platform and realize point-to-point docking and free trading through blockchain. Shopping does not need to go through an intermediary, and taking a taxi does not need to go through Didi. In this way, we can really achieve "no middleman to earn the price difference" and rece the cost.
2-stability, reliability and persistence. Because it is a distributed network architecture, no central node can be attacked or attacked, it has stronger stability, reliability and persistence in the overall technical layout
3-strong security, consensus mechanism does not need the entry of a third party, but through one technology to achieve the completion of the whole transaction
4 - the transparency and non tamperability of the transaction
the above four points are the characteristics of blockchain technology application analyzed by Chongqing jinwowo group.
Since the 1970s, a new energy, combustible ice, has been discovered in the deep sea around the world. If you listen to this term, you will be surprised! How can ice burn? In fact, combustible ice is a kind of crystal material formed by the combination of water and natural gas, which is called "natural gas water compound" academically. According to measurement, 1 cubic meter of solid combustible ice contains about 200 cubic meters of natural gas. Therefore, combustible ice has a strong combustion capacity and is a very important energy resource
The discovery of combustible ice was e to a chance. In the 1930s, in order to transport natural gas, people began to lay huge natural gas pipelines. The results show that the pipeline is often blocked. Cut the pipe open and see that it was blocked by ice like material. How can there be ice in the pipe? After research, it turns out that it is a combination of natural gas and water, with strong combustion abilitya large amount of combustible ice is stored in the frozen soil and seafloor, and the most abundant is in the deep sea. On the sea floor, combustible ice often forms huge deposits with a length of several thousand meters and a thickness ranging from several centimeters to 200-300 meters. In the United States, Canada and other coastal areas, it has been found that there are tens of billions of cubic meters of combustible ice resources, which can be exploited for hundreds of years. Russia, New Zealand, India, Japan and other countries have also found considerable reserves of seabed combustible ice resources. Combustible ice is also found in the East China Sea, South China Sea and Yellow Sea. It is estimated that the reserves of combustible ice in the world are very huge, at least more than twice of the total reserves of coal and oil. It has been hailed as the new energy of the future
There are some difficulties in mining combustible ice because it is deep in the ocean and frozen soil. So far, there is no successful experience in mining seabed combustible ice in the world. At present, there are two mining plans in people's imagination, one is to connect the pneumatic pump pipe with the receiving ship. The air pressure pump pipe extends directly into the sea floor, and the lower end of the pump pipe is a huge bell shaped object, which can cover an area under the water. There is also an automatic mining machine inside the bell, which will dig up the rocks with combustible ice on the seabed together with the combustible ice, smash them into pulp, and then transport the pulp to the receiving ship through the pneumatic pump pipe. On the receiving ship, the natural gas in the combustible ice is separated by heating and pressurizing, while the remaining marine sediments often contain other available substances, which are separated and extracted for the second and third time. Finally, the useless resial soil is poured into the seaanother solution is to directly decompose combustible ice into ice and natural gas on the sea floor, and then transport it directly to the ground gas storage tank, just like the natural gas in the rock stratum, and then transport it to the users who need natural gas from the gas storage tank. Compared with the former scheme, the transportation condition of the latter scheme is relatively simple, which is expected to save more mining cost. But the problem is that the decomposition technology of combustible ice on the seabed is still immature; In addition, this scheme can not make full use of other resources that may exist in the seabed of the mining area