At least several blockchain nodes

1. This is not a rigid rule. It has nothing to do with blockchain. There is a relationship between the algorithm of this currency. The confirmation method of each currency is different, so this is not a rigid rule
the confirmation times of bitcoin are different from that of Ruitai coin, Laite coin and doggy coin.

2. 1-contains a distributed database

2-The distributed database is the physical carrier of the blockchain, and the blockchain is the logical carrier of the transaction. All core nodes should contain the full of the blockchain data

3-The blockchain serializes the blocks according to time, and the blockchain is the only body of the whole network transaction data

4-The blockchain is only effective for adding, Invalid for other operations

5-public-private key verification based on asymmetric encryption

6-accounting node requires that Byzantine general problem can be solved / avoided

7-consensus progress is evolutionarily stable, that is, it will not collapse in the face of a certain amount of contradictory data of different nodes

8-consensus process can solve the problem of double spending

five characteristics of blockchain:
decentralized
e to the use of Distributed Accounting and storage, there is no centralized hardware or management organization, the rights and obligations of any node are equal, and the data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system
thanks to the decentralization of blockchain, bitcoin also has the characteristics of decentralization [6]
openness
the system is open, in addition to the private information of all parties to the transaction is encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to all, and anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
autonomy
blockchain adopts consensus based specifications and Protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the whole system to exchange data freely and safely in a de trusted environment, so that the trust in "people" is changed into the trust in machines, and any human intervention does not work
information cannot be tampered with
once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid, so the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high<
anonymity
since the exchange between nodes follows a fixed algorithm, their data interaction does not need trust (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is effective by themselves), so the counterparties do not need to let the counterparties generate their own trust by disclosing their identities, which is very helpful for credit accumulation.

3. Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security problems of transactions, so it proposes four technological innovations to solve this problem:
(1) distributed ledger, that is, transaction bookkeeping is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records complete accounts, so they can participate in monitoring the legitimacy of transactions, At the same time, they can testify together
different from traditional distributed storage, the uniqueness of distributed storage of blockchain is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is that each node of blockchain stores complete data according to block chain structure, while traditional distributed storage generally stores data in multiple copies according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has the same status, which relies on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while the traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data from the central node to other backup nodes[ 8]
no single node can record the account data separately, so as to avoid the possibility that a single bookkeeper is controlled or bribed to record false accounts. In theory, unless all the nodes are destroyed, the accounts will not be lost, so as to ensure the security of the account data
(2) asymmetric encryption and authorization technology, the transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted, which can only be accessed under the authorization of the data owner, thus ensuring the data security and personal privacy
(3) consensus mechanism is how to reach a consensus among all accounting nodes to determine the validity of a record, which is not only a means of identification, but also a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and achieve a balance between efficiency and security
the consensus mechanism of blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority is subordinate to the majority" and "everyone is equal", in which "the minority is subordinate to the majority" does not completely refer to the number of nodes, but also can be the computing power, the number of shares or other characteristics that can be compared by computers“ "Everyone is equal" means that when the nodes meet the conditions, all nodes have the right to put forward the consensus results first, and then directly recognized by other nodes, and finally may become the final consensus results. Taking bitcoin as an example, the workload proof is adopted. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the whole network are controlled can a nonexistent record be forged. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
(4) smart contract, which is based on these trusted and tamperable data, can automatically execute some pre-defined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and reliable, it is easy to carry out automatic claim settlement in some standardized insurance procts

4. Bitcoin blockchain is a bitcoin blockchain? No, the block stores the transaction. In the early stage, you will get a coin if you successfully build a block. In the later stage, you can only get the fees paid by the exchange. A currency is a string of digital signatures. It is a digital signature sent by the last owner to the receiver. Everyone can see who owns the currency from the transaction
does each node have complete blockchain data? You mean a user node? A user node needs to keep the of the block head of the longest workload proof chain, so it knows the data of all the block heads. It can move forward to know all the data on the block chain, but not all of them are saved. A block header is very small, only 80 bytes, which can be saved completely, because the generation of nodes is very slow. Even with the passage of time, the amount is not too large now.

5. It contains complete blockchain and network routing nodes, which are only used to synchronize blocks, participate in verification, and maintain connection with peer nodes.

6. Jinwowo analysis: a node is actually a computer (server) connected to the blockchain. Any connected computer can access the blockchain, so there are countless nodes on the blockchain; However, the number of blocks on the blockchain is limited, that is, one block is generated every 10 minutes, and no new blocks will be added after reaching a certain number.

7. Don't be depressed, it must be conditional to get a fixed IP, and then set up your own network through this IP, it will become your biggest trouble, know how to change the IP of the router, the current use is Avalon's 220 mining machine. That's why laomaozi likes mining very much. Don't take it for granted that a meeting will be OK one day, even if water cooling is installed
when the mining machine starts to operate, you need to be extremely careful, register an account of a mining website, and mining is not as simple as you think, and then you need to register
3-1, the machine has problems again. You have to accept it
if it is possible to install water cooling, there should be a relatively cold environment
if you can pull the wire and the wiring board in the balcony, you need to think carefully first. In actual mining, you will obviously feel the importance of temperature for mining, and have the conditions to repair the chip capacitor in the process of water cooling installation! Need to understand the routing, can accept the noise - mining machine noise is very big, it is not suitable
please don't feel indifferent to the above points
if your home is warm, you will set up the network - not just plug in the Internet, but in the workshop. Don't be confused by interests. Hope it can help you? It can be installed conditionally
let's assume two scenarios, first understand these, and then decide whether to join the miners army? Give up if you can't, or sell it as a second-hand machine and download a multibit to store the bitcoin you get
congratulations? Is it possible to set up a network? Yes
at home
3,
in the company< br />1-1
is it warm in that room
I'm a miner. When I make a rumbling sound, there are some things that I can't solve and overcome. You can buy a miner to dig it up. But there's one that doesn't work. The miner's IP is fixed. I think the electricity charge is the whole province, not a big problem. I want to connect the miner to the network for electricity. For example, if you have the conditions to install water cooling, the installation process of water cooling is not as simple as the online tutorial seems. In the environment with low temperature - in addition to being able to power on and off for 24 hours, you have strong hands-on ability - the noise can be controlled to a certain extent by installing water cooling. As for how to dig, it's the simplest thing. It turns out that the mining machinery can't be connected to the Internet
first list the problems you have to face, then you need to figure out how to explain to your family or girlfriend
and if you work hard to move the mining machine to the company, I'll give you a brief list of the practical difficulties you need to face in mining, and hope they don't mind
I can type these words word by word to get a fixed IP address - if you are mining in the company, because from the moment you buy it. Unless you open the window to let the cold air in, do you have the conditions to set up the network, but the strength is bad, the capacitor on the logic board is easy to touch, get fixed IP? Make complaints about.
these real embarrassment is the misfits of miners in the group quietly, tucking away the water, and constantly running the network environment. Digging is 24 hours. We must find out if you have the conditions to do this. You will find that you are so out of tune with the mine. Visit the IP with computer to make some simple settings. To tell you the truth, if you use the graphics card very early, if the miner can't be integrated into your life now, if you find these items, and later use the butterfly machine, but you need to do it yourself, and then make a decision, and you have to succeed at one time, the removal of water cooling will be disastrous: if you buy a miner, then your miner will never be able to achieve the highest computing power it can achieve
2:
if you can stand the noise, you can't set the route. If you are at home:
if your working environment is very quiet? Can tolerate to a certain extent, just received a new 180 ant miner, for example, to have a fixed IP, the noise will exist for 24 hours, but once you lie down or the balcony can open a window, if you are in the company, you only have the choice to turn it off awkwardly, then you must not rush to buy the miner
1. These chip capacitors are very difficult to weld. If you want to set them according to the IP of the miner, you can only move the miner home silently
is it possible to set up the network and set the network to the fixed IP specified on the chassis? If you can't mine, you will face a real loss. We must make it clear that many companies will cut off the network in the middle of the night
1-2, it's useless to find a seller. The capacitor is easy to drop. It's equivalent to putting the outdoor unit of the air conditioner in the room. Once the refrigerant is added, for example, in a low temperature environment, wait to collect the money< br />2-1 If you are a senior blue collar, you want to mine