Incentive mechanism blockchain
1. Data layer
the data layer is the lowest layer in the six hierarchies of the blockchain. We can understand the data layer as a database, but for the blockchain, this database is a tamperable and distributed database, which is what we call "distributed ledger"
in the data layer, that is, the "distributed ledger", the data information on the blockchain is stored, and the blockchain structure, asymmetric encryption technology, hash algorithm and other technical means of the block are encapsulated to ensure the security of the data in the case of the whole network being open. The specific method is:
in the blockchain network, nodes use consensus algorithm to maintain the consistency of data layer (that is, the distributed database), and use asymmetric encryption and hash algorithm in cryptography to ensure the non usurpation and traceability of the distributed database
This constitutes the bottom data structure of blockchain technology. However, it is not enough to have a distributed database. We also need to let the data information in the database be shared and exchanged. Next, we will introce the upper layer of the data layer - the network layer
Second, network layer
the network system of blockchain is essentially a P2P (point-to-point) network. Point to point means that there is no need for an intermediate link or centralized server to control the system. All resources and services in the network are distributed in the hands of each node, and the transmission of information is also a direct communication between the two nodes. However, it should be noted that P2P
(peer-to-peer) was not invented by Nakamoto, and the blockchain only integrates this technology
therefore, the network layer of blockchain is actually a particularly powerful point-to-point network system. In this system, each node can not only proce information, but also receive information, just like sending e-mail. You can write your own e-mail, and you can also receive the e-mail sent to you by others
in the blockchain network, nodes need to jointly maintain the blockchain system. Every time a node creates a new block, it needs to notify other nodes in the form of broadcast. After receiving the information, other nodes verify the block, and then create a new block on the basis of the block. In this way, the whole network can jointly maintain and update the general ledger of the blockchain system
however, what rules should the whole network follow to maintain and update the general ledger of the blockchain system? This involves the so-called "laws and regulations" (rules), which we will introce next: the consensus layer
Third, consensus layer
in the world of blockchain, consensus simply means that the whole network should maintain and update the general ledger of blockchain system according to a unified and agreed rule, which is similar to the rule of updating data. It is one of the core technologies of blockchain and the governance mechanism of blockchain community to let highly dispersed nodes reach consensus efficiently in the decentralized blockchain network
at present, the mainstream consensus mechanism algorithms include: proof of work of bitcoin (POW), proof of rights and interests of Ethereum (POS), proof of rights and interests of EOS (dpos), etc
we now introce the data layer, network layer and consensus layer. These three layers ensure that there are data, networks and rules for updating data on the network. However, there is no free lunch in the world. How can nodes actively participate in the maintenance of the blockchain system? Here is the incentive layer, which we will introce next: incentive layer< 4. Incentive layer
incentive layer is the so-called mining mechanism, which can be understood as incentive mechanism: you can get as much reward as you contribute to the blockchain system. With this incentive mechanism, the whole network nodes can be encouraged to participate in the data recording and maintenance on the blockchain
mining mechanism and consensus mechanism are actually the same truth. Consensus mechanism can be understood as the company's general rules and regulations, while mining mechanism can be understood as the reward rules for what you do well in the general rules and regulations
just like the consensus mechanism POW of bitcoin, it stipulates that more work pays more. Whoever can find the correct hash value first can get a certain amount of bitcoin reward
and Ethereum's POS stipulates that the older the holder is, the more likely he or she will be rewarded
it should be noted that the incentive layer is generally only available for the public chain, because the public chain must rely on the nodes of the whole network to jointly maintain data, so there must be a set of incentive mechanism to encourage the nodes of the whole network to participate in the construction and maintenance of the blockchain system, so as to ensure the security and reliability of the blockchain system
the blockchain is safe and reliable, and it is not intelligent enough, right? The contract layer we will introce next can make the blockchain system more intelligent
v. contract layer
Contract layer mainly includes various scripts, codes, algorithm mechanisms and smart contracts, which is the basis of block chain programming. What we call "smart contract" is at the contract level
if the bitcoin system is not intelligent enough, the "smart contract" proposed by Ethereum can meet many application scenarios. The principle of the contract layer is to embed the code into the blockchain system, in this way to realize the smart contract that can be customized. In this way, on the blockchain system, once the terms of the smart contract are triggered, the system can automatically execute commands< Finally, the application layer. The application layer is very simple. As the name suggests, it is a variety of application scenarios and cases of blockchain. What we now call "blockchain +" is the so-called application layer. At present, the blockchain applications that have been implemented are mainly various blockchain applications built on
eth, EOS and other public chains. There are more applications of gambling and games, and the real practical applications have not yet appeared.
Since 2017, the concept of blockchain, which has been popular all over the society and the world, is still heating up, attracting people and social funds; Boost bitcoin, as well as similar network "encrypted digital currency" (such as ether coin, Wright coin, etc.) price rise, created a lot of "overnight rich" myth. The argument that digital currency and blockchain will subvert tradition and profoundly change the world is constantly rising. The start-up and development of blockchain seems to be coming like a roaring sea, but it is more and more concentrated in coin making and speculation, and more and more trapped in the thinking and paradigm of "bitcoin blockchain" of mining and coin making
in the case that bitcoin must be exchanged with fiat money and must join the network trading platform and other auxiliary links in order to play a greater function, the characteristics of bitcoin blockchain such as area center and disintermediation may have serious problems. In the real world, if the transfer of monetary assets is operated through the bitcoin blockchain system, it will actually increase the intermediary link rather than disintermediation. Moreover, because the bitcoin system is highly anonymous and deliberately evades supervision, it is difficult to fully meet the requirements of anti money laundering and anti-terrorism transportation. On the contrary, many new serious problems may arise, Many arguments about bitcoin and blockchain are difficult to hold
those unseen pain points
the so-called labels of bitcoin blockchain, such as "decentralization", "democracy, equality and freedom", can not stand scrutiny; The truth is that if it puts too much emphasis on "decentralization", it will affect efficiency; Bitcoin has not yet become a real currency; The ICO type fund-raising method is not concive to the development of blockchain... But when people enthusiastically pursue blockchain like faith, they can not see these "pain points":
first, bitcoin blockchain is difficult to build a decentralized, democratic and equal society
bitcoin blockchain system envisages the establishment of an equal and democratic world for all participants, but in fact, the core team of coding maintenance and the main forces involved in mining and operation are not so equal and democratic. Due to the influence of computer computing power, the mining and acquisition of bitcoin are not equal as advertised. As a result of competition, the opportunities of mining and acquiring bitcoin are more and more concentrated on a small number of mining pools or nodes with powerful computing power. However, more and more people are involved in mining, consuming resources, but they may not be able to obtain bitcoin. This makes bitcoin more occupied by a few people, and will enhance its voice or influence on the adjustment of network rules
secondly, there are strict conditions for bitcoin blockchain to "de trust" and "de mediate" point-to-point transactions
1. Regularly clean the st in the computer, turn off the computer, open the chassis, use a hair dryer and blow with cold air< At ordinary times, 360 guard, Jinshan guard and other tools should be used to clean up the system garbage and temporary files generated by the Internet, and check and kill malicious
Italian software
3. The computer configuration is poor, so try to set the virtual memory as large as possible, and install anti-virus software with less resources, such as NOD32, or only one
auxiliary anti-virus software
4. Try to set the IP to static IP, which can rece the startup time of the computer
5. Don't put too many files and icons on the computer desktop, which will slow down the reaction of the computer. Try not to install the software on disk C
6. Regularly defragment the disk. Open the drive of my computer to defragment - properties - tools
select the disk to be defragmented. Open the "disk defragmenter" window - Analysis - defragmentation - the system will start to defragment
.
under the ideal situation of big bird mount + no one grabs the mines with you + opposing camp doesn't kill you + familiar with the mines, more than 1000g per hour
under normal circumstances, e to various interference factors, 500g per hour is good, minus 200g per hour, the actual income is 300g per hour, If you are engaged in manual mining, you should also consider the fatigue factor. The more mining, the lower the efficiency. It is not recommended to use this lowest level method of earning money. Just like the wage earners in big cities, they can barely earn a living (point card money), but they have no future
the first level is distributed network, which mainly solves the problem of point-to-point communication network and is also the foundation of blockchain
by establishing a set of cryptography account book system on top of point-to-point communication, we can move from point-to-point communication to point-to-point transaction, which is the second level of blockchain - distributed account book
adding new incentive mechanism and governance mechanism on the basis of distributed ledger is the third level of blockchain - public blockchain, such as bitcoin blockchain.
according to the comprehensive incentive theory of Porter and Lawler, the comprehensive incentive theory is a kind of incentive theory put forward by the American behavioral scientists Edward Lawler and Lyman porter. The so-called "synthesis" only means that this model puts forward two kinds of rewards, namely external reward and internal reward. The comparison and interaction of these two kinds of rewards lead to the theory that incentive methods and strategies must also be diversified, comprehensive and comprehensive
the creator of teamtoken employee wallet is an enterprise management software cloud (SaaS) with incentive as the core. The core value is to provide each employee with an employee wallet, so that each employee has his own integral account, cash currency account, virtual stock account, time right account, enterprise Annuity Account, etc, It also provides an application ecology with incentive as the core, including team collaboration software, performance management software, CRM software, etc. these software are also the data source of employees' wallets, so that collaboration, performance, sales and other work can reflect the recognition of employees' work in real time, and reward corresponding points, cash, stocks or options, etc, Make management more incentive effect. The navigation and authority settings are clear, multi-functional and in-depth, suitable for large, medium and small enterprises. Open port, which can be embedded in nailing and enterprise wechat< Each employee should have three dynamic accounts for storing incentive value
1. Points account (quantitative process, recognition feedback) points account, recognition feedback
apply for points
employees can apply for points themselves, or apply for points for others, and the reviewer will review the application, Integral is a kind of recognition feedback to the working process and good behavior. The integral standard can be set by the enterprise managers themselves, and the enterprise can guide the behavior of employees into the direction advocated by the enterprise values by setting the integral standard
Objective: to quantify the process (recognition feedback). Integral reward is an internal reward, which forms a complementary relationship with external incentives such as cash reward and equity incentive. Source: behavior, task, report and sales application: one of the bases for triggering reward and one of the important bases for performance appraisal.
2, Short and medium term incentive)
enterprises issue digital currency (token) to motivate employees, and cash currency can withdraw cash, purchase benefits and subscribe virtual shares in the future. It can be applied to performance bonus, Commission Award, special award, year-end award and other scenarios. Cash currency is issued with enterprise credit as endorsement. Enterprises use future funds to motivate current employees<
consumption right
employees purchase welfare goods through "consumption right + cash currency" or "consumption right + points", and the consumption right is obtained through rewards
consumption right is like "food stamp" in the era of planned economy, which is the key for enterprises to release welfare in a planned way
withdrawal right
generally speaking, employees holding withdrawal right can apply for withdrawal more quickly, The enterprise controls the timing, amount and group of cash cash by issuing the right of withdrawal. The management of the right of withdrawal has a great relationship with the cash flow of the enterprise, and it is issued by the enterprise according to its own situation
subscription right
only employees holding the subscription right can subscribe for the virtual equity issued by the company. Enterprises control the group, quantity and opportunity of holding the virtual equity by issuing the subscription right. Employees holding the virtual equity are the key training objects. Generally, only employees with long-term incentive can be issued the subscription right
3. Stock account (talent retention, long-term incentive)
help enterprises do a good job in equity incentive and dynamically manage each employee's shareholding. Equity incentive is not only an important way to retain talents, but also an effective tool for long-term incentive. Virtual shares can be obtained through awards or active subscription. Objective: to retain talents (long-term incentive), source: reward (triggered by points ranking, performance, key achievements, etc.), application: dividend, shareholder identity. Trigger reward to get stocks, and get stocks according to performance and points ranking
stock subscription
the company can release the equity subscription according to the actual situation, and the employees can subscribe the equity according to their own needs, and the payment method can be set as cash gold coin payment or RMB payment<
virtual stock trading
virtual stock can be set trading lock period, which can be put up for sale after expiration, and this function can be turned off
subscription right
equity subscription can require holding subscription right to limit the subscription crowd and subscription priority
4. Working tools: get through cash coins and points, Quantifying and rewarding work achievements in time
task collaboration: task management, quantifying and scoring task quantity, task difficulty and completion quality with comprehensive points
performance management: getting through performance and cash reward
CRM (to be launched soon): quantifying customer management and sales management with points, Reward work performance with cash coins
blockchain +, store employees' digital assets in the enterprise
enterprises issue cash coins internally for employees' incentive, cash currency account book, record employees' cash coins transfer records and equity registration, as the company's equity register
welfare mall
enterprises put thousands of welfare commodities on the shelves with one click, Employees buy benefits through points and cash coins
at present, public chain is regarded as the most promising direction in the field of blockchain, because it is more in line with the nature of blockchain and is likely to become the next system level platform
the advantages of public chain include: it can protect users from the influence of developers; All transaction data are open by default; The access threshold is low, and anyone who has a computer connected to the Internet can access it; It can better realize large-scale cooperation and sharing through community incentive mechanism
as the underlying platform, public chain can promote the whole society to enter the era of "trusted digitization" and truly open a new chapter of "value Internet"
on the one hand, the incentive mode based on blockchain promotes the upgrading of sharing economy to sharing economy, which is also in line with the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, open and sharing, and is a new platform economy at a higher level; On the other hand, blockchain applications based on the underlying public chain will also usher in a big explosion, and the era of DAPP is coming
DAPP is to the bottom public chain just as app is to IOS and Android system. In the future, a new ecosystem may emerge.